Real-World Effectiveness Analysis of Switching From Liraglutide or Dulaglutide to Semaglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Retrospective REALISE-DM Study.

Introduction: Injectable semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) that was previously shown to be superior to liraglutide and dulaglutide in head-to-head comparisons in GLP-1 RA-naïve individuals. It is hypothesized that semaglutide will cause further reductions in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and weight in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients previously treated with liraglutide or dulaglutide. The REALISE-DM study provides the first real-world evidence of the effectiveness and tolerability of semaglutide in patients switching from another GLP-1 RA.

Long-term treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor improves hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in the VDF Zucker rat: a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp study.

Upon release into circulation, the potent insulin secretagogues glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are rapidly cleaved and inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV). Long-term administration of specific DP IV inhibitors, so as to enhance circulating active GIP and GLP-1 levels, has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and beta-cell glucose responsiveness and to reduce hyperinsulinemia in the Vancouver diabetic fatty (VDF) rat model of type 2 diabetes. Using the VDF model, the current study was undertaken to examine the effects of long-term DP IV inhibitor treatment on insulin sensitivity.