Racial Differences in Stigmatizing and Positive Language in Emergency Medicine Notes.

Objective: Language used by providers in medical documentation may reveal evidence of race-related implicit bias. We aimed to use natural language processing (NLP) to examine if prevalence of stigmatizing language in emergency medicine (EM) encounter notes differs across patient race/ethnicity.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort of EM encounters, NLP techniques identified stigmatizing and positive themes.

Practice Patterns in Asymmetric Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Survey Data.

Objective: Although screening protocols for patients who present with asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL) exist, there are no clear guidelines to direct practitioners. In particular, various thresholds have been proposed for the degree of hearing loss that should prompt MRI studies, but the topic remains understudied. This project aims to compare protocols followed by practitioners to guide their imaging practices.

CD23IgG1 memory B cells are poised to switch to pathogenic IgE production in food allergy.

Food allergy is caused by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, but little is known about the B cell memory of persistent IgE responses. Here, we describe, in human pediatric peanut allergy, a population of CD23IgG1 memory B cells arising in type 2 immune responses that contain high-affinity peanut-specific clones and generate IgE-producing cells upon activation. The frequency of CD23IgG1 memory B cells correlated with circulating concentrations of IgE in children with peanut allergy.

The memory of pathogenic IgE is contained within CD23 IgG1 memory B cells poised to switch to IgE in food allergy.

Unlabelled: Food allergy is caused by allergen-specific IgE antibodies but little is known about the B cell memory of persistent IgE responses. Here we describe in human pediatric peanut allergy CD23 IgG1 memory B cells arising in type 2 responses that contain peanut specific clones and generate IgE cells on activation. These 'type2-marked' IgG1 memory B cells differentially express IL-4/IL-13 regulated genes / , and germline and carry highly mutated B cell receptors (BCRs).

Investigating racial disparities within an emergency department rapid-triage system.

Objectives: Racial disparities in emergency medical care are abundant, and processes aimed to increase throughput, such as a rapid triage fast-track (FT) systems, may exacerbate these inequities. A FT strategy may be more susceptible to implicit bias as subjective information is obtained quickly. We aim to determine whether a FT model was associated with greater disparities between Black and White emergency department (ED) patients.

Modelling the metabolism: allometric relationships between total daily energy expenditure, body mass, and height.

Background/objectives: Accurately predicting energy requirements form a critical component for initializing dynamic mathematical models of metabolism. The majority of such existing estimates rely on linear regression models that predict total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) from age, gender, height, and body mass, however, there is evidence these predictors obey a power function.

Subjects/methods: Baseline, free-living TDEE measured by doubly labeled water (DLW) in 20 studies with no overlapping subjects were obtained from the core lab at the University of Chicago and the University of Wisconsin-Madison (N = 2501 adults, 628 males, 1873 females).

The US Provided $13 Billion In Development Assistance For Health In 2016, Less Per Person Than Many Peer Nations.

Despite dramatic growth between 1990 and 2010, development assistance for health from high-income countries and development agencies to low- and middle-income countries has stagnated, and proposed cuts make future funding uncertain. To further understand international financial flows for health, we examined international contributions from major donor countries. Our findings showed that the United States provided more development assistance for health than any other country, but it provided less than others relative to national population, government spending, and income.

Optimizing managed care peer reviews: turning a "Doc to Doc" talk into better advocacy for psychiatric inpatients.

Clinicians often resent behavioral health managed care peer reviews. However, such reviews need not be onerous. This Open Forum, written by managed care physician reviewers, attempts to help attending psychiatrists, specifically those on inpatient units, achieve more satisfying outcomes for patients by adhering to a few basic principles.

Curriculum design of a case-based knowledge translation shift for emergency medicine residents.

Background: Principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM) may be inconsistently applied to clinical decision-making due to lack of practice-based training, experience, and time.

Objectives: The authors sought to design, implement, and test the feasibility of an experiential learning model for senior emergency medicine (EM) residents to apply EBM principles during real-time clinical practice.

Methods: Targeted program evaluation of this learning model was conducted through a prospective observational cohort study involving EM residents at a large, urban, 4-year EM residency program.

Introducing residents to geroneuropsychology in one day: an enriched curriculum.

We used the technology and principles of adult learning to enhance a one-day geroneuropsychology rotation for internal medicine residents in a busy neuropsychology clinic. We created a multimedia Microsoft PowerPoint presentation highlighting the role of neuropsychology in the medical care of older adults. We added an active learning experience in which the resident administered a screening tool.

Aspects of social and emotional competence in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Social and emotional competence were evaluated using self-report and behavioral measures in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and controls. Adults with ADHD viewed themselves as less socially competent but more sensitive toward violations of social norms than controls. Films depicting emotional interactions were used to assess linguistic properties of free recall and perceived emotional intensity.

Experienced emotion and affect recognition in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Emotional competence and deficits that may disrupt interpersonal interactions were evaluated in 28 adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 28 demographically equivalent controls. Participants completed tasks assessing affect recognition and experienced emotional intensity. Adults with ADHD performed worse in affect recognition than did adults without the disorder; however, the impairment was unrelated to gross perceptual processes, fundamental abilities in facial recognition, or attentional aspects of affect perception.