The Antioxidant Effect of Rosmarinic Acid by Different Delivery Routes in the Animal Model of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.

Hypothesis: Trans-tympanic Rosmarinic Acid (RA), as compared with the systemic administration, protects against noise-induced auditory hair cell and hearing losses in rats in vivo.

Background: ROS production, lipoperoxidative damage, and an imbalance of antioxidant defences play a significant role in noise-induced hearing loss. Several molecules with antioxidant properties have been tested to restore redox homeostasis; however, drug delivery system represents a challenge for their effectiveness.

Grafting and early expression of growth factors from adipose-derived stem cells transplanted into the cochlea, in a Guinea pig model of acoustic trauma.

Noise exposure causes damage of multiple cochlear cell types producing permanent hearing loss with important social consequences. In mammals, no regeneration of either damaged hair cells or auditory neurons has been observed and no successful treatment is available to achieve a functional recovery. Loads of evidence indicate adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as promising tools in diversified regenerative medicine applications, due to the high degree of plasticity and trophic features.

Time evolution of noise induced oxidation in outer hair cells: role of NAD(P)H and plasma membrane fluidity.

Background: Noise exposure impairs outer hair cells (OHCs). The common basis for OHC dysfunction and loss by acoustic over-stimulation is represented by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload that may affect the membrane structural organization through generation of lipid peroxidation.

Methods: Here we investigated in OHC different functional zones the mechanisms linking metabolic functional state (NAD(P)H intracellular distribution) to the generation of lipid peroxides and to the physical state of membranes by two photon fluorescence microscopy.

Curcuma longa (curcumin) decreases in vivo cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through heme oxygenase-1 induction.

Hypothesis: To investigate whether curcumin may have in vivo protective effects against cisplatin ototoxicity by its direct scavenger activity and/or by curcumin-mediated upregulation of HO-1.

Background: Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is a major dose-limiting side effect in anticancer chemotherapy. A protective approach to decrease cisplatin ototoxicity without compromising its therapeutic efficacy remains a critical goal for anticancer therapy.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) as a target of oxidative stress-mediated damage: cochlear and cortical responses after an increase in antioxidant defense.

This study addresses the relationship between cochlear oxidative damage and auditory cortical injury in a rat model of repeated noise exposure. To test the effect of increased antioxidant defenses, a water-soluble coenzyme Q10 analog (Qter) was used. We analyzed auditory function, cochlear oxidative stress, morphological alterations in auditory cortices and cochlear structures, and levels of coenzymes Q9 and Q10 (CoQ9 and CoQ10, respectively) as indicators of endogenous antioxidant capability.

Efficacy of different routes of administration for Coenzyme Q10 formulation in noise-induced hearing loss: systemic versus transtympanic modality.

Conclusion: The effectiveness of a coenzyme Q10 formulation, Q-ter, given via transtympanic injection is interesting for the future application of this minimally invasive procedure in the treatment of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced hearing loss.

Objective: We focused on antioxidant therapy in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Our study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Q-ter for different schedules of drug administration to establish the best modality for treatment.

Therapeutic window for ferulic acid protection against noise-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig.

Conclusion: Our results are in agreement with the general idea that natural antioxidants achieve their best cytoprotective capacity if given before and soon after the stressor.

Objective: We focused on ferulic acid (FA, 4-hydroxy 3-methoxycinnamic acid), a phenolic compound that is known to exhibit antioxidant properties. Our study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of FA for different schedules of treatment to establish the 'therapeutic window' for FA protection.