Prognostic value of germline mutations in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Background: About 8% to 12% of patients presenting with mHSPC exhibit germline pathogenic variants (PV) in cancer predisposition genes. The aim of this study is to assess the presence of germline PV as a prognostic factor in the setting of mHSPC and to determine whether mutational status can predict rapid progression to castration resistance.

Methods: Genetic analysis using a multigene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was performed on 34 patients diagnosed with mHSPC undergoing treatment.

Update on thymic epithelial tumors: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Thymoma, thymic carcinoma and thymic neuroendocrine tumors originate from the epithelial cells of the thymus and account for the thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). Although TETs are uncommon, they are the most frequent tumor type in the anterior mediastinum. Multidisciplinary approach is essential for their correct management.

Systemic Inflammation Response Index and weight loss as prognostic factors in metastatic pancreatic cancer: A concept study from the PANTHEIA-SEOM trial.

Background: The prognostic value of the Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) in advanced pancreatic cancer is recognized, but its correlation with patients´ nutritional status and outcomes remains unexplored.

Aim: To study the prognostic significance of SIRI and weight loss in metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Methods: The PANTHEIA-Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) study is a multicentric (16 Spanish hospitals), observational, longitudinal, non-interventional initiative, promoted by the SEOM Real World-Evidence work group.

Complete response to third-line treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) in stage IV colon adenocarcinoma.

A clinical case of a 61-year-old female diagnosed with stage IV right colon adenocarcinoma (unresectable liver and multiple lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (), neuroblastoma rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog () and v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B () wild-type, proficient mismatch repair (pMMR), in whom a complete response to the third-line of systemic treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) was obtained. The complete response has been maintained for more than 2 years after its suspension.

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for dMMR/MSI-H locally advanced rectal cancer: The future new standard approach?

Introduction: This is a review of the evidence from studies of the efficacy and tolerability of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC).

Methods: For this review, we searched EMBASE and MEDLINE until 22 September 2022. The terms used in the search included mismatch repair-deficient, microsatellite instability, rectal cancer, neoadjuvant and immunotherapy.

Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Beyond PD-L1.

Immunotherapy has markedly improved the survival rate of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has introduced a new era in lung cancer treatment. Although some patients achieve durable responses to checkpoint blockade, not all experience such benefits, and some suffer from significant immunotoxicities. Thus, it is crucial to identify potential biomarkers suitable for screening the population that may benefit from immunotherapy.

Anti-EGFR Antibody Plus Chemotherapy Treatment in a Patient with Synchronous Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy. During early stages, surgery is the primary treatment followed by radiotherapy in patients at high risk of recurrence. Definitive radiation therapy is an alternative for patients who are not surgical candidates, reserving chemotherapy for metastatic disease.

Review of risk of COVID-19 in cancer patients and their cohabitants.

Background: Patients with a history of active malignancy are at increased risk of infection and COVID-19-related complications. Sanitary protection measures are not specifically recommended within households. This study examined the risk of seroconversion in cancer patients according to their household exposure.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in cancer outpatients in Madrid (Spain): A single center, prospective, cohort study and a review of available data.

Background: Coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a global pandemic. Published data suggests that patients with a history of or active malignancy are at increased risk of infection and developing COVID-19 related complications. To date, the published data has analyzed the seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in the general population, but not in cancer patients.

High-Dose 8% Capsaicin Patch in Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. A Systematic Review.

Introduction: This is a review of the evidence from studies of the efficacy and tolerability of topically applied and high-concentration (8%) capsaicin in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Methods: For this review, we searched EMBASE and MEDLINE to June 20, 2020. The terms used in the search included capsaicin, capsaicin 8% patch, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and cancer.

Chemotherapy in a Breast Cancer Patient Heterozygous Carrier of Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency.

Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) are an unusual genetic condition that may lead to hyperammonemia in catabolic situations such as surgery, infections or chemotherapy administration. Without specific treatment, it causes life-threatening encephalopathy. We present the case of a young woman, heterozygous carrier of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) with breast cancer, who was treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy while following a protocol to minimize the risk of metabolic decompensation due to her condition.

[Microbiota, cancer and immune therapy].

The relationship between cancer and microbes is complex and not entirely known. The objective of this manuscript is to review the scientific evidence on the relationship between the microbiome, cancer and immunotherapy. A non-systematic literature review was done in the databases MEDLINE, COCHRANE, and DATABASE, and articles of greater scientific rigor, mainly reviews or prospective studies/randomized clinical trials published to date (May 2018), were selected.

Low total pathologic complete response rate to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with invasive lobular carcinomaof the breast.

Introduction: Total pathologic complete response (tpCR; ypT0/is ypN0) after preoperative chemotherapy (PCT) is associated with better outcome in locally advanced breast cancers. However, the tpCR rate according to histology is not usually considered in trials.

Material And Methods: Patients with invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC), who were included in three phase II trials (AT, ATX, and TXH), were eligible.

Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia: Review of the Literature and a Single-center Experience.

Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare disorder that is commonly underdiagnosed. In 2015, it was recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lung tumors as a premalignant lesion. DIPNECH syndrome is characterized by cough, exertional dyspnea, wheezing, and, less frequently, hemoptysis.

Metastatic Thymic Carcinoma with Long Survival After Treatment with Sunitinib.

Thymic carcinomas are the most aggressive histological subtype of thymic tumors with limited data to guide correct management. No standard treatments are available for patients with advanced thymic carcinoma after progressing while on platinum-based chemotherapy. We present a case of a patient with metastatic thymic carcinoma with an unusual response and favorable evolution after receiving treatment with sunitinib, obtaining a progression-free survival of 23 months, much higher than reported to date.

Chemotherapy Plus Bevacizumab as Neoadjuvant or Conversion Treatment in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab as neoadjuvant or conversion treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was carried out of 74 patients with CLM treated with neoadjuvant or conversion chemotherapy plus bevacizumab.

Results: The overall response rate was 63.

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer: Optimizing treatment options, new and emerging targeted therapies.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease, not only on the molecular level, but also on the pathologic and clinical levels. It also has a distinct epidemiology. TNBCs are frequently of high histologic grade, typically more aggressive and difficult to treat than hormone receptor-positive tumors, and they are associated with a higher risk of early relapse with visceral metastasis after surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.

[Palliative chemotherapy in metastatic adrenal carcinoma beyond the first line: a case report and literature review].

There are no approved therapeutic regimes for adrenal carcinoma following progression to a first line of chemotherapy/mitotane although a high percentage of patients are candidates to receive them. In the present article we review the possible therapeutic alternatives after the progression to a first line of treatment in patients with adrenal carcinoma and we report a case in which a prolonged overall survival is achieved, much higher than expected, probably in relation to the multidisciplinary management of the case and the use of most of the therapeutic arsenal available.

Opioids for management of episodic breathlessness or dyspnea in patients with advanced disease.

Background: Episodic breathlessness (EB) or dyspnea is a common symptom with a very negative impact on the quality of life of patients with cancer and with non-oncological advanced diseases, mainly cardiorespiratory and neurological.

Objective: The purpose of this non-systematic review is to ascertain the role played by opioids in the management of episodic breathlessness.

Methods: A non-systematic literature review was done in the databases MEDLINE, COCHRANE, and DATABASE, and articles of greater scientific rigor, mainly reviews or prospective studies/randomized clinical trials published to date (August 2015), were selected.

Clinical Case of Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma With Unusual Evolution: Review the Literature.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and heterogeneous malignancy, with an incidence of approximately 0.72 per million cases per year leading to 0.2% of all cancer deaths in the United States.

[Prevalence and aetiopathogenesis of neuropathic pain in elderly cancer patients].

The prevalence of neuropathic pain is difficult to estimate as most studies evaluating chronic pain do not differentiate neuropathic from nociceptive pain. There are only a few studies of neuropathic pain in the elderly, specifically in the oncology population. This article is a non-systematic review of the relevant evidence on the prevalence and aetiopathogenesis of neuropathic cancer pain in the elderly.

Family history record and hereditary cancer risk perception according to National Cancer Institute criteria in a Spanish medical oncology service: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Identification of patients at risk of hereditary cancer is an essential component of oncology practice, since it enables clinicians to offer early detection and prevention programs. However, the large number of hereditary syndromes makes it difficult to take them all into account in daily practice. Consequently, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has suggested a series of criteria to guide initial suspicion.