Publications by authors named "Sara Corneli"

ssp. (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis (PTB), a widespread chronic enteritis of ruminants. The progression of the infection depends on the containment action of innate and cell-mediated immunity (CMI), and it is related to environmental and genetic factors.

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Paratuberculosis (PTB), also known as Johne's disease, is a chronic proliferative enteritis of ruminants caused by subsp. (MAP). To date, PTB diagnosis, based on serology, fecal culture, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, has identified animals in advanced stages of infection.

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Sertoli cells (SC) are immune privileged cells with the capacity of modulating the immune response by expressing several immune-regulatory factors. SC have the capacity to respond to external stimuli through innate phagocytic and antibacterial activities. This evidence evoked a potential role of SC as drug carriers and therapeutic agents.

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Background: Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of several diseases and enteric infections in animals and humans. The virulence of C. perfringens is largely attributable to the production of numerous toxins; of these, the alpha toxin (CPA) plays a crucial role in histotoxic infections (gas gangrene).

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Tuberculins purified protein derivatives (PPDs) are obtained by precipitation from heat treated mycobacteria. PPDs are used in diagnosis of mycobacterial infections in humans and animals. Bovine PPD (PPDB) is obtained from ( complex), while Avian PPD (PPDA) and Johnin PPD (PPDJ) are extracted, respectively, from and ( complex).

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Endotoxin contamination is a serious concern for manufacturers of biological products and vaccines in terms of not only quality but also safety parameters. We evaluated the endotoxin presence in different veterinary autogenous vaccines produced by the Pharmaceutical Unit at the Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Umbria and Marche "Togo Rosati" (IZSUM). According to the 3Rs principles (Replace, Reduce, Refine), which aim to progressively reduce animal use in the quality control process, we tested the vaccines obtained from gram-negative bacteria and adjuvants by the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay.

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The Brucella melitensis REV1 vaccine is the most widely employed vaccine for prophylaxis against brucellosis in sheep and goats. The objective of vaccination is disease control in herds or preventing infection in farms. In this study, we produced REV1 vaccine with a protocol, based on the use of liquid medium in a bioreactor, that resulted efficient, safe, relatively fast, and cost-effective.

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We report cystic echinococcosis in a free-living wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) in Europe. Parasites were identified by histopathology and molecular techniques, revealing Echinococcus granulosus of the G3 genotype.

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Article Synopsis
  • Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is increasingly affecting wild animals and poses a risk to livestock and humans, prompting an investigation into the Sicilian black pig's role as a potential infection source in areas with high bTB prevalence in cattle.
  • In a preliminary study, 119 black pigs were sampled, revealing 6.7% showed tuberculous-like lesions, and 3.4% tested positive for Mycobacterium bovis, indicating a concerning level of infection.
  • Further examination of 100 pigs from infected herds revealed widespread lesions and a common presence of M. bovis, suggesting possible transmission between domestic pigs and cattle, but more research is needed to clarify the epidemiological implications of these findings.
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