Body composition in early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors: Does dietary counseling matter?

Purpose: The impact of dietary counseling on body composition in early breast cancer patients (EBC) treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a diet counseling program on weight, BMI, total and regional body composition in patients treated with AIs.

Methods: This observational study involved 194 EBC patients, of which 97 attended a 6-month personalized counseling program, based on Mediterranean diet principles (cohort A) and 97 did not (cohort B).

The association between vulvodynia and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A systematic review.

Background: Vulvodynia (VVD) is a debilitating chronic vulvar pain significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic and complex illness characterized by an unpleasant sensation related to the filling of the bladder and it strongly impacts patients' lives. The exact mechanisms of the two syndromes remain unknown, but there is an overlap between suspected pathophysiologies.

A Novel Method for the Measurement of the Vaginal Wall Thickness by Transvaginal Ultrasound: A Study of Inter- and Intra-Observer Reliability.

: A consensus regarding the optimal sonographic technique for measuring vaginal wall thickness (VWT) is still absent in the literature. This study aims to validate a new method for measuring VWT using a biplanar transvaginal ultrasound probe and assess both its intra-operator and inter-operator reproducibility. : This prospective study included patients with genitourinary syndrome of menopause-related symptoms.

Outcomes of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia with Positive Margins and HPV Persistence after Cervical Conization.

The objective of this work is to assess the 5-year outcomes of patients undergoing conization for high-grade cervical lesions that simultaneously present as risk factors in the persistence of HPV infection and the positivity of surgical resection margins. This is a retrospective study evaluating patients undergoing conization for high-grade cervical lesions. All patients included had both positive surgical margins and experienced HPV persistence at 6 months.

Taste Alterations Do Not Affect Change in Food Habits and Body Weight in Breast Cancer Patients.

Background/aim: Chemotherapy-induced taste alterations (TAs) affect approximately 53-84% of breast cancer patients with significant consequences on flavor perception, possibly leading to food aversion and changes in daily dietary habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TAs and changes in food habits and body weight among early breast cancer (EBC) patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: TAs were prospectively evaluated in 182 EBC patients from April 2014 to June 2018.

Taste alterations during neo/adjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent follow-up in breast cancer patients: a prospective single-center clinical study.

Purpose: Dysgeusia and taste alterations (TAs) are side effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy and affect patients' quality of life; however, the prevalence, types, and duration of TAs and their potential relationship with other clinical disturbances are not well-described. Our primary aim was to prospectively evaluate the characteristics of TAs in early breast cancer (EBC) patients during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and up to 1 year after its completion.

Methods: From April 2014 to June 2018, 182 EBC patients entered the study and received (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, mostly with taxane and anthracycline-containing regimens (65% of cases).

Development of a Nomogram Predicting the Risk of Persistence/Recurrence of Cervical Dysplasia.

Cervical dysplasia persistence/recurrence has a great impact on women's health and quality of life. In this study, we investigated whether a prognostic nomogram may improve risk assessment after primary conization. This is a retrospective multi-institutional study based on charts of consecutive patients undergoing conization between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014.

Stem Cells in Clinical Trials for Pelvic Floor Disorders: a Systematic Literature Review.

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) include a series of conditions that can be poorly tolerated, negatively affecting the quality of life. Current treatment options show unsatisfactory results and new ones are therefore needed. Stem cell (SC) therapy might be an alternative treatment strategy.

Changes in eating habits and food preferences in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.

Change in eating habits in early breast cancer (EBC) patients during chemotherapy has been poorly studied in the literature. The primary aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate food preferences and weight change in EBC patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy. From April 2014 to June 2018, 205 EBC patients underwent a dietary assessment according to the following timeline: baseline evaluation (one week before starting chemotherapy, T0); first follow-up (approximately 2-3 months after starting chemotherapy, T1); final follow-up (one week after chemotherapy end, T2).

Telephone interview in urogynecology in the era of COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: During the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic deferable access, including non-urgent outpatient visits, have been suspended. In our practice non-urgent routine visits for pelvic floor symptom assessment were discontinued and rescheduled, and telephone interview was performed. The aim was to evaluate patients’ satisfaction for this alternative approach.

Recurrence rate after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and laser Conization: A 5-year follow-up study.

Objective: Conization aims to remove pre-neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. Several techniques for conization have been compared, but evidence regarding the most effective therapeutic option is scant. Here, we aimed to compare the recurrence rate following laser conization and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in patients with high-grade cervical dysplasia (HSIL/CIN2+).

Patterns of failure after adjuvant "sandwich" chemo-radio-chemotherapy in locally advanced (stage III-IVA) endometrial cancer.

Purpose: To investigate oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients undergoing adjuvant "sandwich" chemo-radio-chemotherapy for locally advanced endometrial cancer.

Methods: This is a multi-institutional retrospective study evaluating chart of consecutive patients undergoing chemo-radio-chemotherapy for FIGO stage III-IVA endometrial caner.

Results: The study population included 45 patients who had adjuvant sandwich regimen.

Cancer patients affected by COVID-19: Experience from Milan, Lombardy.

Objective: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is continuing to spread. There are growing concerns on the impact of COVID-19 in cancer patients. Several papers reporting recommendations and guidelines are published.

Management of patients with ovarian cancer in the COVID-19 era.

At the beginning of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads worldwide. Patients with ovarian cancer should be considered at high-risk of developing severe morbidity related to COVID-19. Most of them are diagnosed in advanced stages of disease, and they are fragile.

The reaction of singlet oxygen with enecarbamates: a mechanistic playground for investigating chemoselectivity, stereoselectivity, and vibratioselectivity of photooxidations.

Photochirogenesis, the control of chirality in photoreactions, is one of the most challenging problems in stereocontrolled photochemistry, in which the stereodifferentiation has to be imprinted within the short lifetime of the electronically excited state. Singlet oxygen (1O2), an electronically excited molecule that is known to be sensitive to vibrational deactivation, has been selected as a model case for testing stereoselective control by vibrational deactivation. The stereoselectivity in the reaction of 1O2 with E/Z enecarbamates 1, equipped with the oxazolidinone chiral auxiliary, has been examined for the mode selectivity ([2 + 2]-cycloaddition versus ene-reaction) and the stereoselectivity in the oxidative cleavage of the alkenyl functionality to the methyldesoxybenzoin (MDB) product.

Enecarbamates as selective substrates in oxidations: chiral-auxiliary-controlled mode selectivity and diastereoselectivity in the [2+2] cycloaddition and ene reaction of singlet oxygen and in the epoxidation by DMD and mCPBA.

The stereochemical course of the oxidation of chiral oxazolidinone-substituted enecarbamates has been studied for singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), dimethyldioxirane (DMD), and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) by examining of the special structural and stereoelectronic features of the enecarbamates. Valuable mechanistic insight into these selective oxidations is gained. Whereas the R(1) substituent on the chiral auxiliary is responsible for the steric shielding of the double bond and determines the sense of the pi-facial diastereoselectivity, structural characteristic such as the Z/E configuration and the nature of the R(2) group on the double bond are responsible for the extent of the diastereoselectivity.

Stereochemical features of the physical and chemical interactions of singlet oxygen with enecarbamates.

Oxazolidinone-substituted enecarbamates represent a mechanistically rich system for the study of stereoelectronic, steric, and conformational effects on stereoselectivity and mode selectivity in (1)O(2) [2 + 2] and ene reactions. Photooxygenation of these enecarbamates with (1)O(2) leads to diastereomerically pure dioxetanes that decompose to yield an oxazolidinone carbaldehyde and one of the two enantiomers of methyldesoxybenzoin in enantiomeric excess. Stereoselectivity originates at the allylic stereocenter, a result supported by quenching studies, computational analysis, and deuterium solvent isotope effects.

A supramolecular "ship in bottle" strategy for enantiomeric selectivity in geminate radical pair recombination.

[reaction: see text] Reactions in which zeolites are modified with chiral inductors to serve as media for chiral induction are often limited by the propensity of both substrate and inductor to occupy the same supercage. Herein, we report a "ship in bottle" strategy utilizing the thermal decomposition of dioxetanes obtained from oxazolidinone-substituted enecarbamates for the enantioselective generation of methyl desoxybenzoin (MDB). Photoexcitation of the supramolecular geminate molecular pair results in enrichment of the opposite enantiomer of MDB.

Chiral-auxiliary-controlled diastereoselectivity in the epoxidation of enecarbamates with DMD and mCPBA.

[structure: see text] Chiral oxazolidinone-substituted enecarbamates 1 are epoxidized in a diastereoselectivity up to 93:7 for both DMD and mCPBA. The diastereofacial differentiation depends on the steric interaction between the R(1) substituent on the oxazolidinone ring and the incoming electrophile. The stereochemical course of epoxidation was assessed by chemical correlation with the known optically active diols.

Control of the mode selectivity (ene reaction versus [2 + 2] cycloaddition) in the photooxygenation of ene carbamates: directing effect of an alkenylic nitrogen functionality.

The geometry of the double bond in oxazolidinone-substituted ene carbamates controls the mode selectivity (ene reaction versus [2+2] cycloaddition) of singlet oxygen through stereoelectronic effects, whereas the chiral auxiliary provides high diastereoselectivity through steric shielding.

Direct synthesis of isothiocyanates from isonitriles by molybdenum-catalyzed sulfur transfer with elemental sulfur.

The direct molybdenum-catalyzed sulfuration of a variety of isonitriles with elemental sulfur or propene sulfide as sulfur donors affords the corresponding isothiocyanates in good yields and under mild reaction conditions. A catalytic cycle is suggested, in which the molybdenum oxo disulfur complex operates as the active sulfur-transferring species. A novel adduct between the isonitrile and the molybdenum complex has been characterized by X-ray analysis and its association constant determined by UV-vis spectroscopy, but this adduct appears not to be involved in the sulfur-transfer process.