Microsatellite-based analysis reveals populations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia result from colonization by both the ancestral African and the global domestic forms.

(Linnaeus, 1762) mosquito is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika and is well established today all over the world. The species comprises two forms: the ancestral form found throughout Africa and a global domestic form that spread to the rest of the tropics and subtropics. In Saudi Arabia, has been known in the southwest since 1956, and previous genetic studies clustered from Saudi Arabia with the global domestic form.

Population genetic structure of Aedes aegypti subspecies in selected geographical locations in Sudan.

Although knowledge of the composition and genetic diversity of disease vectors is important for their management, this is limiting in many instances. In this study, the population structure and phylogenetic relationship of the two Aedes aegypti subspecies namely Aedes aegypti aegypti (Aaa) and Aedes aegypti formosus (Aaf) in eight geographical areas in Sudan were analyzed using seven microsatellite markers. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) for the two subspecies revealed that Aaa deviated from HWE among the seven microsatellite loci, while Aaf exhibited departure in five loci and no departure in two loci (A10 and M201).

Genetic Polymorphism and Phylogenetics of from Sudan Based on Mitochondrial Gene Variations.

This study investigated the genetic differences between subspecies ( () and ()) from Sudan using the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 () mitochondrial gene marker. Nineteen distinct haplotypes of the were identified in female mosquitoes from the study sites. The phylogenetic relationship of the 19 haplotypes was demonstrated in a median-joining haplotype network tree with and populations found to share three haplotypes.

Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Subspecies across the Sahelian Belt in Sudan.

is the most important arboviral disease vector worldwide. In Africa, it exists as two morphologically distinct forms, often referred to as subspecies, and . There is a dearth of information on the distribution and genetic diversity of these two forms in Sudan and other African Sahelian region countries.

Analysis-ready datasets for insecticide resistance phenotype and genotype frequency in African malaria vectors.

The impact of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is poorly understood and quantified. Here a series of geospatial datasets for insecticide resistance in malaria vectors are provided, so that trends in resistance in time and space can be quantified, and the impact of resistance found in wild populations on malaria transmission in Africa can be assessed. Specifically, data have been collated and geopositioned for the prevalence of insecticide resistance, as measured by standard bioassays, in representative samples of individual species or species complexes.

The impact of Merowe Dam on Simulium hamedense vector of onchocerciasis in Abu Hamed focus - Northern Sudan.

Background: Abu Hamed, the northernmost onchocerciasis focus in the world, is located along the River Nile banks in the Nubian Desert. Hydroelectric dams can alter activity of black flies and may provide breeding sites for black fly. Merowe Dam, the largest hydropower project in Africa, was built west of Abu Hamed focus in 2009.

Impacts of agricultural practices on insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Background: Agricultural pesticides may play a profound role in selection of resistance in field populations of mosquito vectors. The objective of this study is to investigate possible links between agricultural pesticide use and development of resistance to insecticides by the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in northern Sudan.

Methodology/principal Findings: Entomological surveys were conducted during two agricultural seasons in six urban and peri-urban sites in Khartoum state.

Environmental pollution of lead in traffic air and blood of traffic policemen in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Introduction: A cross sectional study was conducted in Khartoum State. A total of 45 males' traffic policemen were divided into two groups according to exposure to car exhaust; n = 30 taken as exposed group, n = 15 taken as controls, who were not exposed to car exhaust.

Objectives: The study was conducted to determine lead concentrations in traffic ambient air, to determine lead levels in blood of traffic policemen, and to evaluate the effect of exposure to car exhaust on traffic policemen during January 2009.

Environmental pollution of lead in traffic air and blood of traffic policemen in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Introduction: A cross sectional study was conducted in Khartoum State. A total of 45 males' traffic policemen were divided into two groups according to exposure to car exhaust; n=30 taken as exposed group, n=15 taken as controls, who were not exposed to car exhaust.

Objectives: The study was conducted to determine lead concentrations in traffic ambient air, to determine lead levels in blood of traffic policemen, and to evaluate the effect of exposure to car exhaust on traffic policemen during January 2009.