Constructing Dynamic Macropores in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel Actuator for Large-Deformable Gripper.

Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm)-based smart hydrogels are widely employed in emerging applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering, because their lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is close to physiological conditions. However, the dense chain collapse during the thermo-responsive phase transition restricts water diffusion, resulting in limited volumetric change. Here, a pure PNIPAm hydrogel that achieves a large-scale volume transition by incorporating PNIPAm microgels, is presented.

A semiclassical non-adiabatic phase-space approach to molecular translations and rotations: Surface hopping with electronic inertial effects.

We demonstrate that working with a correct phase-space electronic Hamiltonian captures electronic inertial effects. In particular, we show that phase space surface hopping dynamics do not suffer (at least to very high order) from non-physical non-adiabatic transitions between electronic eigenstates during the course of pure nuclear translational and rotational motion. This work opens up many new avenues for quantitatively investigating complex phenomena, including angular momentum transfer between chiral phonons and electrons as well as chiral-induced spin selectivity effects.

Chlorine disinfectant significantly changed microfauna habitat, community structure, and colonization mode in wastewater treatment plants.

Unlabelled: During the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, excessive chlorine disinfectants have been used to block the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2, resulting in large amounts of residual disinfectants entering wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) through sewage systems. So far, no relevant research has been conducted on the impact of chlorine disinfectants on microfauna, an important microbial component in activated sludge treatment systems. This study comprehensively investigated the changes in microfauna habitat, community structure, and colonization mode under the chlorine stress by combining the full-scale WWTP survey and laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor experiments.

A qBOLD-based clinical radiomics-integrated model for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 mutation in gliomas.

Background: Quantitative blood oxygenation level-dependent (qBOLD) technique can be applied to detect tissue damage and changes in hemodynamic in gliomas. It is not known whether qBOLD-based radiomics approaches can improve the prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) mutation.

Purpose: To establish a qBOLD-based clinical radiomics-integrated model for predicting IDH-1 mutation in gliomas.

Indium Mediated Reformatsky-Type Allylation of N--Butanesulfinyl Iminoester with 1,3-Butadiene.

This study presents the indium-mediated three-component radical Reformatsky-type allylation of --butanesulfinyl iminoester with 1,3-butadiene. This novel approach offers a rapid synthesis pathway to valuable homoallylic noncanonical amino acids, demonstrated with over 30 examples showing nice regio- and diastereoselectivity. Mechanism studies revealed that allylindium complexes served as key intermediates, formed through a single-electron reduction of allylic radicals by Indium species.

Modified G-CSF/ATG-Based Haploidentical Transplantation Protocol in Pediatric Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Long-Term Follow-Up Single-Center Experience.

Background: Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by immune dysregulation. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents the only option for long-term cure for primary HLH. However, only around 25% of patients have a fully HLA-matched donor.

Iodine as Polarity-Reversal Catalyst: Synthesis of a Fused Heterocycle with Contiguous Stereocenters.

We report an unconventional I-catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of angular triquinane derivatives with a fused heterocycle skeleton, leveraging enaminones and anilines as simple acyclic precursors. The key to success lies in I functioning as a polar-reversal catalyst, which alters the reactivity at the α-position of the enaminone and facilitates the first hexa-functionalization of an enaminone along with the formation of highly congested continuous stereocenters.

Causal associations of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), which include gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE), are the primary causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have found a correlation between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and HDPs, but the causality of this association remains to be identified. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between MASLD and HDPs through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Organo-photocatalytic dearomative hydrosilylation of indoles with silanes.

A photocatalytic dearomative hydrosilylation reaction of indole derivatives with silanes has been accomplished for the synthesis of valuable indolinyl silanes through a carbon-silyl radical coupling process with the cooperation of photoredox and hydrogen atom transfer catalytic systems composed of 3DPA2FBN (2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-3,5-difluorobenzonitrile), (i-Pr)SiSH, and base additives. This protocol is featured by a broad substrate scope, transition metal-free conditions, high diastereoselectivities and applications in natural product derivatives.

Defining the Thyroid-RLN Entry Triangle for Enhanced Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Exposure in TOETVA: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroid glands (PGs) are the most common and serious complications during the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA), and their exposure and protection are the most important factors affecting the operation time. Here, we report a novel anatomical landmark and surgical method to shorten the operative time and reduce the chance of injury to the RLN and PGs.

Methods: According to the different exposure methods of the RLN, patients were divided into the experimental group (from top to bottom, E-group) and the comparison group (from outside to inside, C-group), and 1:1 propensity score-matching (PSM) was performed.

Depression and anxiety disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: Prevalence, disease impact, treatment.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder that often co-occurs with depression and anxiety, worsening disease progression and reducing quality of life. A thorough review of the existing literature was conducted, including searches in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases up to 2024. This review encompasses a critical analysis of studies reporting on the prevalence, impact, and management of depression and anxiety in COPD patients.

Relationship between gestational body mass index, blood pressure variability, and postpartum depression in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.

Background: Pre-eclampsia has long been proven to be an independent risk factor for postpartum depression (PPD). Excessive increase in body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy is an important factor inducing pre-eclampsia. Increased blood pressure is the main symptom of patients with pre-eclampsia.

Mindfulness-based stress reduction training and supplemented Jinshui Liujun decoction promote recovery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Conventional chemotherapy (CC) administered to patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often causes adverse effects, such as cardiopulmonary dysfunction and immune system imbalance. Patients may experience anxiety and depression during the perioperative period due to various factors, such as treatment costs and cancer recurrence risks, thereby compromising the overall quality of life. Consequently, we hypothesized that integrating mindfulness-based stress reduction training (MSRT) with Jinshui Liujun decoction may mitigate negative emotions and promote recovery in patients with NSCLC.

A diagnostic signatures for intervertebral disc degeneration using TNFAIP6 and COL6A2 based on single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses.

Objectives: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent degenerative condition associated with a high incidence rate of low back pain and disability. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and signaling pathways associated with IVDD.

Methods: Biomarkers were discerned through bulk-RNA and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) investigations of IVDD cases from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Polyamines Protect Porcine Sperm from Lipopolysaccharide-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via Casein Kinase 2 Activation.

Bacterial contamination is an inevitable issue during the processing of semen preservation in pigs. As a prototypical endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria in semen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) undermines sperm function during liquid preservation. Spermine and spermidine could protect cells against LPS-induced injury, and the content of spermine and spermidine in seminal plasma is positively correlated with sperm quality.

Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Demonstrate Distinct Responses to Ambient Particulate Matter in a Polarization State- and Particle Seasonality-Specific Manner.

Macrophages are professional phagocytic immune cells that, following activation, polarize on a spectrum between the proinflammatory M1 and the proresolution M2 states. Macrophages have further been demonstrated to retain plasticity, allowing for the reprogramming of their polarization states following exposure to new stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly shown to modify macrophage function and polarization while also inducing worsening respiratory infection morbidity and mortality.

Differential effects of EPA and DHA on aging-related sarcopenia in mice and possible mechanisms involved.

Sarcopenia frequently occurs with aging and leads to major adverse impacts in elderly individuals. The protective effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against aging-related sarcopenia have been demonstrated; however, the effect and underlying mechanism of EPA or DHA alone remain inconclusive. Hence, the present study was aimed to clarify the differential effects and possible mechanisms of EPA and DHA on aging-related sarcopenia.

Relaxin Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Activating NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway.

Background: Cardiac fibrosis, a key contributor to heart failure, is driven by the activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), often induced by angiotensin II (Ang II). Relaxin, a peptide hormone, has been reported to counteract fibrotic processes. This study aims to investigate the antifibrotic effects of relaxin on Ang II-induced CF activation, with a focus on the involvement of the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling pathway.

A fluorescent probe based on pyrazoline with significant Stokes shifts for the detection of Cu ions and its applications.

A simple pyrazoline derivative BBD has been synthesized for detecting Cu in EtOH/HEPES (v/v = 1 : 1, pH = 7). The probe has high selectivity for Cu by quenching the fluorescence intensity and was sensitive to pH. When excited at 398 nm, fluorescence is emitted at 520 nm with a Stokes shift of 122 nm, which is larger than that of other reported pyrazoline skeleton probes.

Changes in Cardiovascular Health, Genetic Risk, and Cardiometabolic Diseases: Evidence From a Large-Scale Cohort Study.

Background: Evidence has firmly established the association between superior cardiovascular health (CVH) and reduced susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). In reality, CVH experiences dynamic fluctuations throughout individuals' lifespans. However, the association between changes in CVH and the impact on CMDs among individuals with different genetic risks remains unclear.

Diagnostic and predictive values of m5C‑associated genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the role of 5‑methylcytosine (m5C)‑associated genes in the pathogenesis and development of the disease remains unclear. The present study aimed to identify reliable diagnostic markers based on the expression of m5C‑associated genes for the early detection of IPF. Count data were obtained by screening the IPF genome‑wide assay in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, followed by a comparison of m5C gene expression in patients with IPF and controls.

SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 drives osteoclastogenesis in preexisting immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 and long-term complications in bone health. Emerging clinical evidence demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces bone turnover and promotes bone loss, but the mechanism underlying worsened bone health remains elusive. This study sought to identify specific immune mediators that exacerbated preexisting IMIDs after SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

Further exploration of the physicochemical nature of μ-bridge-relevant deprotonations the elucidation of four kinds of alditol complexes.

Single-crystal structures of four alditol complexes are presented. In LuCl/galactitol and ScCl/-inositol complexes, μ-bridge-relevant deprotonations were observed. The polarization from two rare earth ions in the μ-bridge activates the chemically inert OH and promotes deprotonation.