The Performance of Nonwoven PLLA Scaffolds of Different Thickness for Stem Cells Seeding and Implantation.

The 3D reconstruction of 100 μm- and 600 μm-thick fibrous poly-L/L-lactide scaffolds was performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and supported by scanning electron microscopy and showed that the density of the fibers on the side adjacent to the electrode is higher, which can affect cell diffusion, while the pore size is generally the same. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured in a 600 μm-thick scaffold formed colonies and produced conditions for cell differentiation. An in vitro study of stem cells after 7 days revealed that cell proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor release in the 600 μm-thick scaffold were higher than in the 100 μm-thick scaffold.

Mechanisms of Stimulation of the Growth of Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinoma by Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue (AT MSC) and the bone marrow (BM MSC) stimulated migration of melanoma B16 cells, while mammary adenocarcinoma Ca755 cells stimulated migration of mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells retained these properties at late terms after γ-irradiation in vitro. Tumors that developed after injection of Ca755 cells alone and in combinations with BM MSC or AT MSC had similar histological structure corresponding to breast adenocarcinoma.

Proliferative and Differentiation Potential of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Biocompatible Polymer Scaffolds with Various Physicochemical Characteristics.

Biocompatibility of film and fibrous scaffolds from polylactide-based polymers and the relationship between their architecture and the functional characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells were studied. Cell culturing on polylactide-based film and fibrous matrixes did not deteriorate cell morphology and their proliferation and differentiation capacities. The rate of cell proliferation and penetration in microporous 3D matrices with the same porosity parameters and pore size depended on their spatial organization.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TUMORS THAT DEVELOPED IN MICE AFTER TREATMENT WITH IRRADIATED SYNGENEIC MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS OF BONE MARROW.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in almost all organs and tissues of the organism. It is believed, that MSCs could be transformed into cancer stem cells spontaneously or under influence of genotoxic factors and trigger the growth of tumors. The aim of this work was to study the possibility of malignant transformation of cultured MSCs from murine bone marrow (MSCs-BM) after g-irradiation in vitro and characterize of biochemical and histological features of the tumors that developed after transplantation of MSCs-BM into syngeneic mice.

Migration and Proliferative Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 3D Polylactide Scaffolds Depends on Cell Seeding Technique and Collagen Modification.

We analyzed viability of mesenchymal stem cells seeded by static and dynamic methods to highly porous fibrous 3D poly-L-lactide scaffolds with similar physical and chemical properties, but different spatial organization modified with collagen. Standard collagen coating promoted protein adsorption on the scaffold surface and improved adhesive properties of 100 μ-thick scaffolds. Modification of 600-μ scaffolds with collagen under pressure increased proliferative activity of mesenchymal stem cells seeded under static and dynamic (delivery of 100,000 cells in 10 ml medium in a perfusion system at a rate of 1 ml/min) conditions by 47 and 648%, respectively (measured after 120-h culturing by MTT test).

Chitosan as a Modifying Component of Artificial Scaffold for Human Skin Tissue Engineering.

We compared the structure and mechanical properties of scaffolds based on pure collagen, pure chitosan, and a mixture of these polymers. The role of the composition and structure of scaffolds in the maintenance of cell functions (proliferation, differentiation, and migration) was demonstrated in two experimental models: homogeneous tissue analogues (scaffold populated by fibroblasts) and complex skin equivalents (fibroblasts and keratinocytes). In contrast to collagen scaffolds, pure chitosan inhibited the growth of fibroblasts that did not form contacts with chitosan fibers, but formed specific cellular conglomerates, spheroids, and lose their ability to synthesize natural extracellular matrix.

[Effect of genetically modified plants on the development of rat progeny].

The paper presents the results of evaluating the effect of genetically modified (GM) maize on the prenatal and postnatal development of rat progeny in three generations. An experiment used 280 adult rats (160 females and 120 males) and 1545 infant rats of the first month of life. The animals were divided into 2 groups: 1) those given a diet including GM maize (an experimental group); 2) those fed on its isogenic control (a control group).

[Assessment of the impact of GMO of plant origin on rat progeny development in 3 generations].

The publication presents the results of assessment of impact of genetically modified (GM) maize Liberty Link on prenatal and postnatal development of progeny of 3 generations of Wistar rats. A total of 630 adult animals and 2837 pups were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into 5 groups which got the diets with inclusion of maize: the animals of the experimental group got the diet with the GM-maize, animals of the control group - with near isogenic conventional analogue of the GM-maize, animals of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd reference groups - conventional varieties of maize ROSS 144 MV, ROSS 197 MVW, Dokuchayevskaya 250 MV respectively.

[Medical and biological safety assessment of genetically modified soybean event MON 89788. Report 1. Toxicologo-hygienic examinations].

The results of toxicologo-hygienic examinations, which were conducted within the framework of integrated medical and biological assessment of genetically modified second generation soybean event MON 89788, are presented. Analysis of morphological, hematological, biochemical parameters and system (sensitive) biomarkers has not confirmed any toxic effect of soybean event MON 89788.

[Medical and biological safety assessment of genetically modified maize strain MIR604].

The results of toxicologo-hygienic examinations, which were conducted within the framework of integrated medical and biological assessment of genetically modified rootworm Diabrotica spp.-protected maize event MIR604, are presented. Analysis of morphological, hematological, biochemical parameters and system (sensitive) biomarkers has not confirmed any toxic effect of maize event MIR604.

[Medical and biological safety assessment of genetically modified maize event MON 88017. Report 1. Toxicologo-hygienic examinations].

The results of toxicologo-hygienic examinations, which were conducted within the framework of integrated medical and biological assessment of genetically modified rootworm Diabrotica spp.--protected and glyphosate tolerant maize event MON 88017, are presented. Analysis of morphological, hematological, biochemical parameters and system (sensitive) biomarkers has not confirmed any toxic effect of maize event MON 88017.

[The effect of biologically active substances from coniferous plants on the L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activities in wheat leaves].

The effect of the preparations produced from needles and wood of various coniferous species on the activities of L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.

[Impact of man-made load on patients' life quality].

The present prospective study included 70 females with uterine myoma indicated for surgery. The patients lived in the city districts having different industrial loads. Life quality was studied before and different periods after surgery.

[Morphological variants of neutrophilic granulocytes in blood of practically normal humans].

Verification of presumed inertness of blood neutrophil granulocytes revealed their morphological heterogeneity in practically healthy donors. At light microscopic level it was expressed as a varying degree of cell cytoplasm granularity--58% of the cells were highly granular, 30% contained moderate amount of granules and 12% were completely devoid of granules. According to the ultrastructural analysis, neutrophils were subdivided into four groups: intact cells (60%), cells with slight (26%), moderate (12%) and severe (2%) changes.

[Characteristics of enterobacteria isolated from patients with urogenital pathology].

Species composition and a number of persistence characteristics enterobacteria isolated from urine of 42 pregnant and 22 nonpregnant women with pyelonephritis (relapse, remission), from prostatic fluid of 225 males and secretions of cervical canal of 124 women with urogenital pathology (prostatitis, salpingo-oophoritis) were studied. The study revealed that enterobacteria, including Escherichia coli, prevailed in the structure of uromicroflora (66.7-83.

[Ultrastructural characteristics of nonphlogogenic and phlogogenic reaction of mono- and polynuclear phagocytes in their interaction with Staphylococcus aureus].

Antibacterial function of neutrophil leukocytes and peritoneal macrophages in their interaction with massive doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25 x 10(6) and 25 x 10(8) microorganisms) has been studied in the experiment in vivo. Two types of antibacterial reaction of phagocytes has been found, i.e.

[Non-inflammatory form of neutrophil antibacterial response].

According to the Mechnikov theory inflammation is the only form of the protective-adaptive response of phagocytes and phagocytosis is its essence. High doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25 x 10(6) and 25 x 10(2) bacteria) in the absence of additional peritoneal damage do not produce the inflammation. The organism of the highest animals possess non-phlogogenic mechanisms of protection against bacteria when the phagocyte function is not the destruction of bacteria but their catching and transportation to the intestinal lumen.

[Ultrastructural characteristics in neutrophilic leukocytes in patients with sepsis].

Electron microscopic studies of neutrophilic leukocytes from patients with sepsis have revealed that substantial counts of these cells are prone to degradation just in the blood, the organelles of the degraded cells many of which may be identified are present in the blood plasma. The degradation of neutrophilic leukocytes in systemic circulation may be one of the morphological signs of sepsis.

[Blood neutrophilic leukocytes in patients with suppurative-septic diseases].

Neutrophil leucocytes of patients with sepsis, purulent inflammatory processes clinically close to sepsis and those of healthy persons were studied electron-microscopically. Leucocytes with degranulation due to the release of their content into the circulation were found in purulent-inflammatory diseases. Leucocytes with pronounced degranulation, areas with cytoplasma lysis and extracellular organelles (lipid droplets, primary and secondary granules with clear-cut membrane borders and content of granules without membrane borders) were observed in sepsis.