Assessing the drivers of sexual behavior among youth and its social determinants in Nepal.

Introduction: Sexual behavior among youth is a public health concern, particularly in contexts where cultural norms, socio-economic factors, and access to comprehensive sexual education play pivotal roles. This paper aims to examine the determinants of sexual behavior among Nepali youths.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 7,122 individuals aged 15-24 years from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2022, focusing on a nationally representative sample.

Cross-sectional study on behavioural determinants associated with sugary foods and beverages and their correlates with body mass index among adolescents in Nagarjun municipality, Nepal.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the status of and factors associated with behavioural determinants (knowledge, attitude and practice) of sugary foods and beverages among adolescents in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: The study was done at educational institutions located in Nagarjun municipality, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Effectiveness of Osteoarthritis Management Program (OAMP) on the Level of Knowledge and Practice Regarding Self-Management Among Elderly with Osteoarthritis.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of osteoarthritis management program (OAMP) on the level of knowledge and practice regarding self-management among elderly with OA.

Materials And Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 60 elderly with osteoarthritis (OA) from March 1, 2021, to March 29, 2021. A community-based survey was conducted to identify the elderly with OA, and 60 persons were selected by using simple random technique.

NonImmune hemolytic anemia secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency-A case report.

This case report emphasizes the crucial need to include vitamin B12 deficiency in the differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia, despite its rarity as a presentation. The case illustrates that non-immune hemolytic anemia can occur secondary to severe vitamin B12 deficiency, which can be effectively treated with vitamin B12 supplementation. Early recognition and comprehensive evaluation are essential for identifying this uncommon yet significant cause of hemolysis, ensuring prompt and appropriate treatment to improve patient outcomes.

Clinical and Endoscopic Findings in Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding is a severe medical condition that requires prompt evaluation and management. Understanding the clinical and endoscopic findings in patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Objective To investigate the age and sex composition, clinical presentations, and endoscopic findings of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding at a tertiary care hospital.

Effectiveness of selected interventions on quality of life and self-efficacy among elderly.

Background: India is one of the world's developing countries, and its population is ageing, that is, increasing, which increases the demand for health care. Ageing is a natural process. Quality of life (QoL) and self-efficacy are two of the most important factors in human development.

Antibiotic prescription patterns in the emergency department of a tertiary healthcare center in Nepal: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Objective: To describe antibiotic prescription patterns in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary healthcare center in Nepal.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of hospital records of patients who visited the ED.

Results: Of the 758 ED patients included in the study, 384 (50.

Intimate partner violence in Nepal: Analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health issue in Nepal. IPV has social and economic impacts on women, family, and the wider society. In this study, we aimed to determine factors associated with IPV among currently partnered women aged 15-49.

Unanticipated discovery: incidental encounter with fasciola hepatica during ERCP - a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Fasciola hepatica (FH) is a rare parasitic infection in humans. Its incidental detection during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is exceptionally uncommon. This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections, even in low-endemicity regions, and the potential implications of dietary and environmental factors in disease transmission.

Endoscopic Drainage of Pancreatic Pseudocysts: Clinical Profile and Outcome Analysis.

Background: Pancreatic pseudocyst is a complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although surgery considered the gold standard, there is a rapid shift towards endoscopic treatment owing to its therapeutic outcome and minimal invasive involvement. This study aims to present the clinical profile and outcome analysis of the endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts in Dhulikhel Hospital.

Towards a Customizable, SLA 3D-Printed Biliary Stent: Optimizing a Commercially Available Resin and Predicting Stent Behavior with Accurate In Silico Testing.

Inflammation of the bile ducts and surrounding tissues can impede bile flow from the liver into the intestines. If this occurs, a plastic or self-expanding metal (SEM) stent is placed to restore bile drainage. United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved plastic biliary stents are less expensive than SEMs but have limited patency and can occlude bile flow if placed spanning a duct juncture.

Demographic and clinical profile of patients undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary care center in Nepal: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Colonoscopy is widely used as a tool for diagnosis, screening and treatment of various pathologies in the rectum, colon, and terminal ileum. The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and histological parameters of the records of patients undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included the hospital records of all patients who underwent colonoscopy from 2015 to 2019 in a tertiary care centre in Nepal.

Effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention program (CNIP) on knowledge and practice regarding the prevention of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) among adults.

Background: There are estimated 72.96 million cases of diabetes in the adult population of India. The prevalence in urban areas ranges between 10.

Helicobacter pylori Infection among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative gut bacterium associated with dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer, whose prevalence is still common in developing countries. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the gold standard, first-line investigation for evaluating gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a tertiary care centre.

3D Printing to Enable Self-Breathing Fuel Cells.

Fuel cells rely on an effective distribution of the reactant gases and removal of the byproduct, that is, water. In this context, bipolar plates are the critical component for the effective management of these fluids, as these dictate to some extent the overall performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Better bipolar plates can lead to a significant reduction in size, cost, and weight of fuel cells.

Effectiveness of SMART heart package on knowledge and practice regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among high-risk adults in selected urban community at Bangalore.

Background: Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease. Smoking is one of the triggering factors for CAD, which increases mortality and morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the SMART heart package on high-risk adults' knowledge and practice of coronary artery disease prevention.

Acid Peptic Disease among Patients with Acute Abdomen Visiting the Department of Emergency Medicine in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Acid peptic disease is caused by excessive acid secretion or weakened mucosal defense. Symptoms include epigastric pain, bloating, and nausea. Factors like gastric acid, Helicobacter pylori infection, alcohol consumption, smoking, and stress contribute to peptic ulcers.

Insights on historical milestones of mental health in Nepal: Country profile.

The present paper has highlighted the mental health development in Nepal. It covers the current state of mental health system and services and a throwback on the significant changes over a period of time. This review grabs a sneak into mental health plan/policies, prevalence; health facilities and human resources, monitoring and supervision, budget allocation, nongovernmental sector involvement, and international agreements.

Hydatid hepatopleural fistula causing biliothorax: minimally invasive approach with ERCP stent placement and chest tube drainage: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Biliothorax and hydatid bilio-bronchial fistula (HBBF) are rare complications of hydatid cysts of the liver with high perioperative mortality.

Case Presentation And Clinical Discussion: The authors here report the case of a patient with a right massive pleural effusion with evidence of HBBF in imaging studies, who underwent surgical resection of a hydatid cyst of the liver 8 years ago. The patient was managed with intercostal chest tube drainage for biliothorax and endoscopic sphincterotomy with biliary stent placement for the re-establishment of internal biliary drainage, which ultimately allowed the fistulous tract to heal without any major surgical intervention.

Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) Score on Outcome of Patients Presenting with Acute Pancreatitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition characterized by inflammation of the pancreas causing intense abdominal pain and potential harm to multiple organs. The mortality rate is 1-5% and thus requires specialized and interdisciplinary care to inhibit it. Objective To describe the bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis score on the outcome of acute pancreatitis patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Esophageal variceal bleeding: portal hypertension and portal vein thrombosis secondary to protein S deficiency - a case report.

Introduction: Proteins C and S play a key role in the inhibition of the coagulation cascade. Deficiencies of proteins C and S deficiency are rare conditions that lead to abnormal activation of the coagulation cascade, resulting in a prothrombotic state and an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. These deficiencies also pose a risk factor for the development of portal vein thrombosis (PVT).

Nonhealing oesophageal ulcer: a case report.

Unlabelled: Esophageal tuberculosis is a rare presentation of a common infectious disease. It may occur as a primary infection of the esophagus or as a secondary spread mostly from caseating mediastinal lymph nodes. The clinical diagnosis of the condition is presumed to be complex, owing to nonspecific biopsy findings, failure of isolation of bacilli, and a lack of predisposing conditions in patients.

Multidrug resistance, biofilm formation and detection of and genes in and isolates from served at the street-food stalls of Bharatpur, Nepal.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) amid the bacteria found in ready-to-eat foods is a grave concern today warranting an immediate intervention. The current study was undertaken to explore the status of AMR in and species in ready-to-eat samples (n = 150) served at the street food stalls in Bharatpur, Nepal, with a major focus on detecting extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo β-lactamase (MBL) genes along with biofilm formation. Average viable counts, coliform counts, and counts were 1.

Rickettsial Infection amongst Febrile Illness Patient in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study.

Background Rickettsial infection is an emerging neglected tropical disease in the Southeast Asia. In past few years Nepal is also reporting escalating prevalence of rickettsia. The under evaluation is resulting it as undiagnosed or are simply labeled as pyrexia of unknown origin.