[Hydranencephaly. Report of a new case].

Hydranencephaly is the total or virtually total absence of the cerebral hemispheres, which are reduced to a membranous sac of glial tissue, with no ependymal coating, in an intact skull. This is rare disorder (0.5 per thousand births).

[The interest of CSF examinations in the etiological diagnosis of intracranial hypertension (author's transl)].

The authors discuss the case of a 15-year-old girl suffering from intra-cranial hypertension. Neuroradiological examinations do not reveal any obstruction in the cerebral spinal fluid circulation. The CSF cylologic examination was the first to give etiological indications, showing the existence of malignant cells which the cerebral biopsy later enabled us to classify as glioblastoma.