Bilateral versus unilateral hearing aids for bilateral hearing impairment in adults.

Background: Acquired hearing loss is common and its incidence increases markedly with age. In most people, 'age-related' hearing loss is sensorineural (due to the loss of cochlear hair cells) and bilateral, affecting both ears to the same degree. Hearing loss categorised as mild, moderate or severe is primarily managed with hearing aids.

Interdisciplinary management of hip fracture.

Hip fracture is a prevalent age-associated occurrence incorporating both medical and surgical need and a major challenge to public health and NHS resources. Effective management requires coordinated collaboration across specialties, professions and services. This concise guideline focuses on interdisciplinary aspects of hip fracture management abstracted from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) clinical guideline (CG124), including the concept and implementation of the Hip Fracture Programme, detection and management of comorbidity and delirium, optimal analgesia, timing of surgery, multidisciplinary mobilisation, rehabilitation and hospital discharge.

The definition of acute kidney injury and its use in practice.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome that is independently associated with increased mortality. A standardized definition is important to facilitate clinical care and research. The definition of AKI has evolved rapidly since 2004, with the introduction of the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal disease (RIFLE), AKI Network (AKIN), and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classifications.

Prevention, detection and management of acute kidney injury: concise guideline.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is considered a silent disease that commonly occurs in patients with acute illness; however, given that it has few specific symptoms and signs in its early stages, detection can be delayed. AKI can also occur in patients with no obvious acute illness or secondary to more rare causes. In both these scenarios, patients are often under the care of specialists outside of nephrology, who might fail to detect that AKI is developing and might not be familiar with its optimum management.

Down-regulation of Dickkopf 3, a regulator of the Wnt signalling pathway, in elderly schizophrenic subjects.

The aetiology of schizophrenia is complex and the pathological mechanisms involved are still not fully understood. The aim of this project was to gain insight into the underlying molecular changes occurring in schizophrenia through the analysis of gene expression. Using suppression subtractive hybridization to isolate differentially expressed genes in superior temporal cortex (BA22), we detected one prominent sequence with reduced expression in schizophrenia and represented in at least nine clones.