Infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve lesion following tibial nailing: it is possible to avoid it?

Background: Iatrogenic injury to the infrapatellar branches of saphenous nerve is a common complication following tibial nailing. This lesion seems to be directly related to the surgical approach adopted for nail insertion. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the current literature in order to assess the eventual superiority of one surgical approach for tibial nailing over the others in limiting the neurological impairment related to infrapatellar branch injury.

Early hip fracture surgery and rehabilitation. How to improve functional quality outcomes. A retrospective study.

Hip fractures are one of the major disability causes associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Early surgery and stable fixation could be associated with better pain control, possibly lower mortality rates, and early recovery of autonomy.

Total Talar Prosthesis, Learning from Experience, Two Reports of Total Talar Prosthesis after Talar Extrusion and Literature Review.

Recently, total talar prosthesis has been proposed to substitute the talus during the management of complex talar lesions such as talar extrusion, comminuted talar fractures, or avascular necrosis. Herein, we report two cases of talar extrusion treated with total talar replacement after a high-intensity trauma. Both cases subsequently required revision surgery due to degenerative changes of the tibial plafond (arthrodesis in the first case, conversion to a total ankle prosthesis in the latter).

Congenital and Bilateral Dislocation of the Knee: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: Congenital and bilateral dislocation of the knee is an uncommon disorder; it may be isolated or combined with other congenital muscoloskeletal disorders, associated with neurologic disorders or occur in syndromic conditions. The knee presents a typical pathologic hyperextension, with or without joint dislocation. If untreated, the knee may develop stiffness or instability.

One-stage release by double surgical approach for neglected congenital vertical talus: results in a series of walking children in Tanzania.

Congenital vertical talus is an uncommon rigid flatfoot deformity present at birth, producing pain and disability if untreated. This study reports results and complications in a series of walking children affected by neglected congenital vertical talus treated by one-stage release through a double surgical approach in a hospital sited in the Tanzanian rural outback. Between 2009 and 2014, nine consecutive congenital vertical talus were observed in five patients (three males and two females) aged between 2 and 4 years.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Clubfoot: A Review of Current Available Methodology.

Background: Clubfoot is one of the most common congenital limb deformities. Prenatal diagnosis of the condition is essential as it can help treat the malformation as early as possible. We reviewed the recent available literature concerning the current methods for prenatal diagnosis of clubfoot.

The clubfoot over the centuries.

The aim of this paper is to review all treatment methods of the clubfoot over the years through the documentation present in the literature and art with the aim of better understanding the pathoanatomy of the deformity, but to also clarify factors that allow a safe, logical approach to clubfoot management. The initial part of this paper traces the most representative iconographic representations of clubfoot in history to describe how his presence was witnessed since ancient times. Hippocrates, the father of medicine, was the first to present written references about treatment methods of clubfoot.

Central sensitization in chronic low back pain: A narrative review.

Low back pain is one of the four most common disorders in all regions, and the greatest contributor to disability worldwide, adding 10.7% of total years lost due to this health state. The etiology of chronic low back pain is, in most of the cases (up to 85%), unknown or nonspecific, while the specific causes (specific spinal pathology and neuropathic/radicular disorders) are uncommon.

Effect of different postoperative flexion regimes on the outcomes of total knee arthroplasty: randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: A consistent limb position strategy could be an attractive and easier alternative to reduce blood loss and increase range of motion following total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to understand the proper amount of flexion required to improve functional outcomes with limited patients' discomfort.

Methods: Eighty-five patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned to receive mild (30° of knee flexion) or high-flexion protocol (70° of knee flexion), 48 h after surgery.

Surgical treatment of neglected congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus after walking age in Eritrea: an Italo-Eritrean cooperation.

An Italian team of orthopaedic surgeons joined Eritrean colleagues to perform a clinical study in ambulating children affected by neglected idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). This study reports the surgical strategy as well as clinical outcomes, early complications and relapse at a mid-term follow-up. Four expeditions of 7 days were organized between 2012 and 2015 from Italy to the Halibet Hospital of Asmara in Eritrea.

Congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus before and after walking age: observations and strategy of treatment from a series of 88 cases.

Background: We reviewed a series of newborns, toddlers and ambulating children affected by idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). Taking into account the time of diagnosis, stiffness of the deformity and walking age, nonsurgical or surgical treatment was considered. This study reports clinical outcomes, early complications and relapse at mid-term follow-up.

Corticosteroid Treatment Impact on Spinal Deformity in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive disease with loss of ambulation at around 9-10 years of age, followed, if untreated, by development of scoliosis, respiratory insufficiency, and death in the second decade of life. This review highlights the natural history of the disease, in particular, with regard to the development of the spinal deformity and how this complication has been modified by surgical interventions and overall by corticosteroid treatment. The beneficial effect of corticosteroids may have also an impact on the clinical trial design of the new emerging causative therapies.

Algorithm for the management of femoral shaft fractures in children.

Purpose: Pediatric closed femoral shaft fractures are commonly related to a good prognosis. There is no consensus on treatment. We aimed to evaluate the treatment, features, radiological findings and management strategies, creating an algorithm of treatment.

Fractures of the femoral head: a long-term follow-up study.

The femoral head fracture has become an increasingly frequent injury, usually sustained by individuals during high-energy trauma. Regardless of the type of treatment, long-term consequences, as avascular necrosis, post-traumatic arthritis, and heterotopic ossification, may complicate the clinical outcome leading to variable degree of disability. The aim of this study was to review the clinical and radiological long-term follow-up of patients with a fracture of the femoral head.