US regulatory compliance for medical combination products: an overview.

This article provides a high-level overview of US regulatory review and approval processes for the growing field of medical combination products (CPs; those merging drugs with devices and/or biological products). US law defines drugs, medical devices, and CPs in specific ways, and the components of a CP are still subject to their respective regulations while combined. The Food and Drug Administration's Office of Combination Products (OCP) oversees the review and classification of CPs, which is based on their primary mode of action.

Navigating regulatory and policy challenges for AI enabled combination devices.

In recent years, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enabled conventional Combination Devices (CDs) to innovate in healthcare merging with technology sectors. However, the challenges like reliance on predicate devices in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA's 510(k) pathway, especially for perpetually updating AI are stressed. Though the European Union (EU's new Medical Device Regulations address software and AI, fitting adaptive algorithms into conformity assessments remains difficult.