A-site composition tuning in methylammonium-based metal halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals.

Utilizing the soft-lattice nature of metal halide perovskites, we employ post-synthetic cross-ion exchange to synthesize a series of narrow band-gap colloidal nanocrystals of methylammonium-based lead iodide solid solutions of composition FAMAPbI, as well as those of triple-cation composition CsFAMAPbI (TCPbI). The ability to finely tune the compositions not only helps in tailoring the optical properties in the near-infrared region, but also improves the stability of these colloidal nanocrystals towards moisture, which has been demonstrated as compared to their bulk counterparts. The thermal stability of these solid solutions is also comparable to that of the bulk, as evidenced by thermogravimetric studies.

Monkeypox: A comprehensive review on mutation, transmission, pathophysiology, and therapeutics.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of the monkeypox (Mpox) disease, belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Due to the recent re-emergence of Mpox in 2024, this is the second time when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This review intends to offer an in-depth analysis of Mpox, including its key characteristics, epidemiological, mutation, pathophysiology, transmission, and therapeutics.

Noise induces Ca2+ signaling waves and Chop/S-Xbp1 expression in the hearing cochlea.

Exposure to loud noise is a common cause of acquired hearing loss. Disruption of subcellular calcium homeostasis and downstream stress pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, including the unfolded protein response (UPR), have been implicated in the pathophysiology of noise-induced hearing loss. However, studies on the association between calcium homeostasis and stress pathways have been limited due to limited ability to measure calcium dynamics in mature-hearing, noise-exposed mice.

Retarding anion exchanges in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by ligand immobilization.

CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) undergo rapid anion exchange, allowing easy bandgap tuning across the entire visible range. However, despite being highly luminescent, the same facile anion exchange process poses significant challenges for their use in tandem optoelectronic devices and white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). This anion exchange occurs primarily due to the dynamic nature of loosely bound oleylamine ligands on the surface of the PNCs.

Ultrabroad Near Infrared Emitting Perovskites.

Phosphor converted light emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) have revolutionized solid-state white lighting by replacing energy-inefficient filament-based incandescent lamps. However, such a pc-LED emitting ultrabroad near-infrared (NIR) radiations still remains a challenge, primarily because of the lack of ultrabroad NIR emitting phosphors. To address this issue, we have prepared 2.

Noise induces intercellular Ca signaling waves and the unfolded protein response in the hearing cochlea.

Exposure to loud noise is a common cause of acquired hearing loss. Disruption of subcellular calcium homeostasis and downstream stress pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, including the unfolded protein response, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of noise-induced hearing loss. However, studies on the association between calcium homeostasis and stress pathways has been limited due to limited ability to measure calcium dynamics in mature-hearing, noise-exposed mice.

Electron Diffraction Tomography on Two-Phase Nanolamellae of Topochemically Synthesized Cu(SbS)Cl.

The dark red semiconductor Cu(SbS)Cl was obtained by leaching the layered precursor Cu(SbS)[AlCl] in a 0.1 M aqueous HCl solution. The selective extraction of AlCl yielded a mica-like lamellar product of poor crystallinity.

Synaptic ribbon dynamics after noise exposure in the hearing cochlea.

Moderate noise exposure induces cochlear synaptopathy, the loss of afferent ribbon synapses between cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, which is associated with functional hearing decline. Prior studies have demonstrated noise-induced changes in the distribution and number of synaptic components, but the dynamic changes that occur after noise exposure have not been directly visualized. Here, we describe a live imaging model using RIBEYE-tagRFP to enable direct observation of pre-synaptic ribbons in mature hearing mouse cochleae after synaptopathic noise exposure.

Realizing the Lowest Bandgap and Exciton Binding Energy in a Two-Dimensional Lead Halide System.

Finding stable analogues of three-dimensional (3D) lead halide perovskites has motivated the exploration of an ever-expanding repertoire of two-dimensional (2D) counterparts. However, the bandgap and exciton binding energy in these 2D systems are generally considerably higher than those in 3D analogues due to size and dielectric confinement. Such quantum confinements are most prominently manifested in the extreme 2D realization in ()PbI ( = 1 or 2) series of compounds with a single inorganic layer repeat unit.

Large area multi-filamentary plasma source for large volume plasma device-upgrade.

This paper discusses the salient features and plasma performance of the newly installed Large Area Multi-Filamentary Plasma Source (LAMPS) in large volume plasma device-upgrade. The plasma source is designed to exhibit a plasma electron density of ∼10 m, low electron temperature (∼eV), and a uniform plasma cross section of 2.54 m.

Spray coated micropatterning of metal halide perovskite for anticounterfeiting fluorescent tags.

Metal halide perovskites possess exciting optoelectronic properties and are being used for various applications, including fluorescent anticounterfeiting security tags. The existing anticounterfeitings based on perovskites have a reversible transition that does not allow to know whether the information is tampered or compromised. In this work, we developed fluorescent anticounterfeiting security tags using micropatterned metal halide perovskite nanocrystals.

Soil quality under different land uses in eastern India: Evaluation by using soil indicators and quality index.

Indian soils are inherently poor in quality due to the warm climate and erosion. Conversion of land uses like forests to croplands and faulty management practices in croplands further cause soil degradation. This study aimed to understand the extent of these impacts in a small representative part of eastern India, covering Himalayan terai and nearing alluvial plains.

Probing Chemical-Composition-Induced Heterostructures and Interfaces in Lead Halide Perovskites.

Lead halide perovskites (LHP) are of great interest for their optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic applications. Various heterostructures are created in these materials to achieve favorable optical properties and improved stability at the interfaces during the fabrication of devices. Such heterostructures are often assumed to be formed based on the reactivity of precursors and are not directly probed.

Global stability and analysing the sensitivity of parameters of a multiple-susceptible population model of SARS-CoV-2 emphasising vaccination drive.

The study explores the dynamics of a COVID-19 epidemic in multiple susceptible populations, including the various stages of vaccination administration. In the model, there are eight human compartments: completely susceptible; susceptible with dose-1 vaccination; susceptible with dose-2 vaccination; susceptible with booster dose vaccination; exposed; infected with and without symptoms, and recovered compartments. The biological feasibility of the model is analysed.

Mathematical Analysis of a COVID-19 Epidemic Model by Using Data Driven Epidemiological Parameters of Diseases Spread in India.

This paper attempts to describe the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) via an epidemic model. This virus has dissimilar effects in different countries. The number of new active coronavirus cases is increasing gradually across the globe.

Mathematical Analysis of Two Waves of COVID-19 Disease with Impact of Vaccination as Optimal Control.

This paper is devoted to answering some questions using a mathematical model by analyzing India's first and second phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. A new mathematical model is introduced with a nonmonotonic incidence rate to incorporate the psychological effect of COVID-19 in society. The paper also discusses the local stability and global stability of an endemic equilibrium and a disease-free equilibrium.

A discrete-time epidemic model for the analysis of transmission of COVID19 based upon data of epidemiological parameters.

The forecasting of the nature and dynamics of emerging coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has gained a great concern for health care organizations and governments. The efforts aim to to suppress the rapid and global spread of its tentacles and also control the infection with the limited available resources. The aim of this work is to employ real data set to propose and analyze a compartmental discrete time COVID-19 pandemic model with non-linear incidence and hence predict and control its outbreak through dynamical research.

Dynamical analysis of novel COVID-19 epidemic model with non-monotonic incidence function.

In this study, we developed and analyzed a mathematical model for explaining the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in India. The proposed model is a modified version of the existing model. Our model divides the infected class of model into two classes: (unknown infected class) and (known infected class).

Loss of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase induces caspase-independent necrosis-like death of hair cells in zebrafish neuromasts.

The vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multi-subunit proton pump that regulates cellular pH. V-ATPase activity modulates several cellular processes, but cell-type-specific functions remain poorly understood. Patients with mutations in specific V-ATPase subunits can develop sensorineural deafness, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.

A fractional order SITR mathematical model for forecasting of transmission of COVID-19 of India with lockdown effect.

In this paper, we consider a mathematical model to explain, understanding, and to forecast the outbreaks of COVID-19 in India. The model has four components leading to a system of fractional order differential equations incorporating the refuge concept to study the lockdown effect in controlling COVID-19 spread in India. We investigate the model using the concept of Caputo fractional-order derivative.

Optimization of deficit irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer management for peanut production in an arid region.

Deficit irrigation (DI) has been emerging as an important technique for enhancing crop water productivity (WP). However, advantage of DI under varying nitrogen (N) application rates remains unclear. Field experiments were conducted during 2012-2014 to investigate the impacts of six irrigation levels[FI (full irrigation), DI, DI, DI, DI and DI, with irrigation amount of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60 and 50% of ETc, respectively) and four N application rates (N, N, N and N, with 0, 10, 20 and 30 kg N ha, respectively) on WP, yield, quality, and net economic return of peanut in hot arid region of India.

Insights into the interparticle mixing of CsPbBr and CsPbI nanocubes: halide ion migration and kinetics.

Anion exchange of CsPbX3 nanocrystals (NCs) is an easy pathway to tune the bandgap over the entire visible region. Even the mixing of pre-synthesized CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 NCs at room temperature leads to the formation of mixed halide CsPbBr3-xIx NCs. Understanding the reaction mechanism and the kinetics of interparticle mixing is essential for fundamental aspects and device applications.

Spatial structure, parameter nonlinearity, and intelligent algorithms in constructing pedotransfer functions from large-scale soil legacy data.

Pedotransfer function (PTF) approach is a convenient way for estimating difficult-to-measure soil properties from basic soil data. Typically, PTFs are developed using a large number of samples collected from small (regional) areas for training and testing a predictive model. National soil legacy databases offer an opportunity to provide soil data for developing PTFs although legacy data are sparsely distributed covering large areas.

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine.

The influence of single-layer graphene on top of a SiO/Si surface on the orientation of nonplanar lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) molecules is studied using two-dimensional grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The studies indicate the formation of a mixture of polymorphs, i.e.