Herbicidal weed management practices: History and future prospects of nanotechnology in an eco-friendly crop production system.

Weed management is an important aspect of crop production, as weeds cause significant losses in terms of yield and quality. Various approaches to weed management are commonly practiced by crop growers. Due to limitations in other control methods, farmers often choose herbicides as a cost-effective, rapid and highly efficient weed control strategy.

Controlled release herbicide formulation for effective weed control efficacy.

Controlled release formulation (CRF) of herbicide is an effective weed management technique with less eco-toxicity than other available commercial formulations. To maximise the effectiveness of CRFs however, it is crucial to understand the herbicide-releasing behaviour at play, which predominately depends on the interaction mechanisms between active ingredients and carrier materials during adsorption. In this study, we investigated and modelled the adsorption characteristics of model herbicide 2,4-D onto two organo-montmorillonites (octadecylamine- and aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified) to synthesise polymer-based CRFs.

Investigation of herbicide sorption-desorption using pristine and organoclays to explore the potential carriers for controlled release formulation.

Injudicious application of available commercial herbicide formulations leads to water, air and soil contamination, which adversely affect the environment, ecosystems and living organisms. Controlled release formulation (CRFs) could be an effective way to reduce the problems associated with commercially available herbicides. Organo-montmorillonites are prominent carrier materials for synthesising CRFs of commercial herbicides.

Langerhans histiocytosis in a child - diagnosed by oral manifestations.

Langerhans Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare reactive and proliferative disease of histiocytes with unknown etiology, characterized by excessive proliferation of histiocytes called Langerhans cells. It occurs mainly in children but occurrence in adults has also been reported. It manifests as punched out lesions in the skull, maxilla, mandible, sternum and other flat bones and causes rapid resorption of the alveolar bone leading to floating teeth appearance in the radiographs.