Identification and simultaneous quantification of potential genotoxic impurities in first-line HIV drug dolutegravir sodium using fast ultrasonication-assisted extraction method coupled with GC-MS and in-silico toxicity assessment.

Dolutegravir (DLG) has become a distinctive first-line antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV in most countries due to its affordability, high efficacy, and low drug-drug interactions. However, the evaluation of genotoxic impurities (GTIs) in DLG and their toxicity assessment has not been explored thoroughly. Thus, in this study, a simple, fast, and selective analytical methodology was developed for the identification and determination of 7 GTIs in the comprehensive, explicit route of synthesis for the dolutegravir sodium (DLG-Na) drug.

Amphiphilic perylene diimide-based fluorescent hemispherical aggregates as probes for metal ions.

The self-assembly behaviour of a newly synthesized amphiphilic core-positioned thioester appended with carboxylic acid functionalized perylene diimide derivative is studied in different organic solvents. Fluorescent J-type hemispherical aggregates are formed in THF solution. The effect of added metal ions on these fluorescent aggregates is evaluated using spectroscopic techniques, where we found these probes bind selectively to Fe and Ba ions.

Organogels Fabricated from Self-Assembled Nanotubes Containing Core Substituted Perylene Diimide Derivative.

Perylene-based organogels are well-known for their applications as sensors and optoelectronic materials. Among them, core-substituted perylene diimide-based organogels are rarely explored. Herein, the hierarchical self-assembly mechanism of a newly synthesized, amide-linked core-substituted perylene diimide derivative, which formed organogels in organic solvents like toluene and methyl cyclohexane (MCH), is discussed.

Recent Advances in Organoselenium Catalysis.

Organoselenium chemistry has developed as an important tool in the field of synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Various organoselenium reagents have been developed and used successfully to achieve different organic transformations such as selenocyclizations, oxyselenenylations, selenoxide eliminations, etc. Additionally, organoselenium reagents' potential is not limited to their use as stoichiometric reagents, but they have been successfully used as organocatalysts in a number of synthetic transformations.

Fruits and barks extracts of Zanthozyllum heitzii a spice from Cameroon induce mitochondrial dependent apoptosis and Go/G1 phase arrest in human leukemia HL-60 cells.

Background: Zanthoxylum heitzii is a spice used to prepare several dishes and to treat tumors, syphilis, malaria, cardiac palpitations, urogenital infections in the west region of Cameroon, but the antitumor mechanisms and chemical composition are not yet investigated. This study was aimed to determine the antiproliferative effects of four extracts from the fruits and barks of Zanthoxyllum heitzii (Rutaceae) on apoptosis in human promyelocytic cells, their mechanisms and the chemical composition. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the fifty percent inhibition (IC50) concentration of the cell lines after treatment.

Investigation of properties of surface acoustic waves generated by periodically patterned ZnO on silicon substrate.

The paper presents the characteristics of vertically polarized surface waves generated in silicon substrate by acoustic coupling of bulk waves excited in a periodically patterned ZnO film on silicon. The finite element simulations are performed on the proposed patterned-ZnO/Si structure and vertically polarized modes in silicon are found to be dominant in the frequency dependent analysis. The generated modes in silicon are concentrated near the surface within a wavelength depth and exhibit surface wave properties.

Decarbonylative halogenation by a vanadium complex.

Metal-catalyzed halogenation of the C-H bond and decarbonylation of aldehyde are conventionally done in nature. However, metal-mediated decarbonylative halogenation is unknown. We have developed the first metal-mediated decarbonylative halogenation reaction starting from the divanadium oxoperoxo complex K3V(5+)2(O2(2-))4(O(2-))2(μ-OH) (1).

Comparison of the canal centring ability of K3, Liberator and EZ Fill Safesiders by using spiral computed tomography.

The purpose of the study was to compare the canal centring ability of K3, Liberator and EZ Fill Safesiders by using spiral computed tomography (SCT). Forty curved mandibular premolars were selected. Before and after instrumentation teeth were scanned by spiral computed tomography and nine cross-sectional views of each tooth were obtained at 1.

Photofunctional self-assembled nanostructures formed by perylene diimide-gold nanoparticle hybrids.

We report on the synthesis of organic dye-metal nanoparticle hybrids from two thiol-derivatized perylenediimide (PDI) ligands and 1.5 nm gold nanoparticles. The hybrids form spherical nanostructures when cast from 40% methanol/chloroform solution and toluene.

Evidence for eosinophil degranulation in acute appendicitis.

Finding of increased numbers of eosinophils in the muscle in cases of acute appendicitis has led to the hypothesis that it may have an allergic origin. This study aimed to measure the eosinophil degranulation resulting in a rise in the serum of eosinophil granule proteins that would be expected in such cases. The levels of serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) measured by chemiluminescence assay in acute appendicitis were compared, with those of appropriate controls.