The development of a mobile app-focused deduplication strategy for the Apple Heart Study that informs recommendations for future digital trials.

An app-based clinical trial enrolment process can contribute to duplicated records, carrying data management implications. Our objective was to identify duplicated records in real time in the Apple Heart Study (AHS). We leveraged personal identifiable information (PII) to develop a dissimilarity score (DS) using the Damerau-Levenshtein distance.

Elevated cerebrospinal fluid iron and ferritin associated with early severe ventriculomegaly in preterm posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

Objective: Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) following preterm intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is among the most severe sequelae of extreme prematurity and a significant contributor to preterm morbidity and mortality. The authors have previously shown hemoglobin and ferritin to be elevated in the lumbar puncture cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates with PHH. Herein, they evaluated CSF from serial ventricular taps to determine whether neonates with PHH following severe initial ventriculomegaly had higher initial levels and prolonged clearance of CSF hemoglobin and hemoglobin degradation products compared to those in neonates with PHH following moderate initial ventriculomegaly.

Arrhythmias Other Than Atrial Fibrillation in Those With an Irregular Pulse Detected With a Smartwatch: Findings From the Apple Heart Study.

[Figure: see text].

Artificial intelligence enables whole-body positron emission tomography scans with minimal radiation exposure.

Purpose: To generate diagnostic F-FDG PET images of pediatric cancer patients from ultra-low-dose F-FDG PET input images, using a novel artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm.

Methods: We used whole-body F-FDG-PET/MRI scans of 33 children and young adults with lymphoma (3-30 years) to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN), which combines inputs from simulated 6.25% ultra-low-dose F-FDG PET scans and simultaneously acquired MRI scans to produce a standard-dose F-FDG PET scan.

Staged Surgical Resection of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background: Staged treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is sometimes necessary to minimize risks associated with sudden changes in cerebral hemodynamics. With the increasing availability and optimization of endovascular techniques, multiple surgical resections are rarely necessary, although, due to specific anatomic circumstances, some AVMs still require staged surgery. Here, we describe the largest reported series of staged surgical resections of brain AVMs.

Treatment of posterior circulation fusiform aneurysms.

Objective: Perforator arteries, the absence of an aneurysm discrete neck, and the often-extensive nature of posterior circulation fusiform aneurysms present treatment challenges. There have been advances in microsurgical and endovascular approaches, including flow diversion, and the authors sought to review these treatments in a long-term series at their neurovascular referral center.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective chart review from 1990 to 2018.

Large-Scale Assessment of a Smartwatch to Identify Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Optical sensors on wearable devices can detect irregular pulses. The ability of a smartwatch application (app) to identify atrial fibrillation during typical use is unknown.

Methods: Participants without atrial fibrillation (as reported by the participants themselves) used a smartphone (Apple iPhone) app to consent to monitoring.