Gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease: Understanding molecular pathways and potential therapeutic perspectives.

Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and progression. This narrative review explores the complex interplay between GM, the immune system, and the central nervous system in AD. We discuss mechanisms through which GM dysbiosis can compromise intestinal barrier integrity, enabling pro-inflammatory molecules and metabolites to enter systemic circulation and the brain, potentially contributing to AD hallmarks.

Move Better, Live Better: A novel supervised combined training for peripheral arterial disease: A quasi-experimental approach.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of a novel supervised exercise therapy (SET) program based on intermittent treadmill walking and circuit-based moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) on walking performance and HRQoL in PAD patients.

Design: All participants underwent a 12-week SET that involved 15 to 30 minutes of treadmill walking followed by a 15-minute moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) continued by 12-week of follow-up. Maximum walking distance (MWD), pain-free walking distance (PFWD), gait speed and estimated peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) were calculated through the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) and HRQoL through the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire-6 (VascuQol-6).

Protein kinase inhibitors as targeted therapy for glioblastoma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. The standard treatment for newly diagnosed GBM includes surgical resection, when feasible, followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide-based chemotherapy. Upon disease progression, the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, can be considered.

Aerobic capacity and muscle proteome: Insights from a mouse model.

We explored the association between aerobic capacity (AC) and the skeletal muscle proteome of McArdle (n = 10) and wild-type (n = 8) mice, as models of intrinsically 'low' and 'normal' AC, respectively. AC was determined as total distance achieved in treadmill running until exhaustion. The quadriceps muscle proteome was studied using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database used to generate protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and enrichment analyses.

Efficacy of complex decongestive therapy on venous flow, internal saphenous diameter, edema, fat mass of the limbs and quality of life in patients with chronic venous insufficiency: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Demonstrate the effectiveness of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).

Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, where the participants were patients with CVI (n = 21/42) were assigned randomly to an experimental group (n = 11/22) or a control group (n = 9/18). A treatment of CDT (manual lymphatic drainage, intermittent pneumatic presotherapy, bilayer bandage) was applied to the experimental group for 4 weeks 2 days per week and no treatment was applied to the control group.

Colorectal cancer risk mapping through Bayesian networks.

Background And Objective: Only about 14% of eligible EU citizens finally participate in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs despite it being the third most common type of cancer worldwide. The development of CRC risk models can enable predictions to be embedded in decision-support tools facilitating CRC screening and treatment recommendations. This paper develops a predictive model that aids in characterizing CRC risk groups and assessing the influence of a variety of risk factors on the population.

Exercise Intolerance in McArdle Disease: A Role for Cardiac Impairment? A Preliminary Study in Humans and Mice.

Introduction: Whether cardiac impairment can be fully discarded in McArdle disease-the paradigm of "exercise intolerance," caused by inherited deficiency of the skeletal muscle-specific glycogen phosphorylase isoform ("myophosphorylase")-remains to be determined.

Methods: Eight patients with McArdle disease and seven age/sex-matched controls performed a 15-min moderate, constant-load cycle-ergometer exercise bout followed by a maximal ramp test. Electrocardiographic and two-dimensional transthoracic (for cardiac dimension's assessment) and speckle tracking (for left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessments) echocardiographic evaluations were performed at baseline.

Health and wellbeing status of the long-lived individuals of the Spanish LONGECYL cross-sectional study.

Background: The increase in life expectancy and long-lived individuals is a challenge for public health and provides an opportunity to understand the determinants of longevity. However, few studies have addressed the factors associated with the health status and quality of life in a long-lived individual population. We described the perceived health, clinical status, quality of life, and dependency for activities of daily living in a representative population in Castile and Leon, Spain.

A critical appraisal of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.

Biomarkers that predict the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) enable the identification of individuals in the early, preclinical stages of the disease. Detecting AD at this point may allow for more effective therapeutic interventions and optimized enrollment for clinical trials of novel drugs. The current biological diagnosis of AD is based on the AT(N) classification system with the measurement of brain deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) ("A"), tau pathology ("T"), and neurodegeneration ("N").

Physical exercise: a polypill against chronic kidney disease.

We are currently facing a pandemic of physical inactivity that might contribute to the growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we summarize currently available evidence on the association between physical activity and CKD, and also review the effects of exercise intervention in affected patients. Physical activity/exercise might act as a polypill against CKD, preventing its development or even exerting beneficial effects once it is established (i.

Lifestyle and cardiovascular risk in working young adults: insights from a nationwide Spanish cohort.

Introduction And Objectives: This study aimed to describe the cardiovascular risk profile of working young adults from Spain and its association with lifestyle.

Methods: Participants (18-30 years) were recruited from a nationwide cohort of economically active adults insured by a large occupational risk prevention company, with data obtained from routine medical assessments. The participants were categorized as having an "unhealthy" cardiovascular risk profile based on the presence of prediabetes/diabetes, prehypertension/hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, or a "healthy" profile if these conditions were completely absent.

Physical activity, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular risk: A study in half a million adults.

Objective: There is a growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition associated with a higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We assessed the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and CKD and also studied whether PA attenuates CKD-associated CVD risk.

Methods: A cohort of Spanish adults (18-64 years) participated in this nationwide study.

Monitoring synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease through fluid and PET imaging biomarkers: a comprehensive review and future perspectives.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently constrained by limited clinical treatment options. The initial pathophysiological event, which can be traced back to decades before the clinical symptoms become apparent, involves the excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a peptide comprised of 40-42 amino acids, in extraneuronal plaques within the brain. Biochemical and histological studies have shown that overaccumulation of Aβ instigates an aberrant escalation in the phosphorylation and secretion of tau, a microtubule-binding axonal protein.

Impact of Physical Exercise on Melanoma Hallmarks: Current Status of Preclinical and Clinical Research.

In recent years, accumulating evidence from preclinical and clinical studies consistently indicated that physical activity/exercise plays a crucial role in reducing the incidence and recurrence of various malignancies, by exerting a beneficial modulation of cancer hallmarks. Moreover, physical activity is suggested to attenuate certain adverse effects of anticancer therapy, including the reduction of cardiovascular toxicity and symptoms related to depression and anxiety, among others, while preserving muscular strength. In the case of melanoma, the relationship with physical activity has been critically debated.

Winners do what they fear: exercise and peripheral arterial disease-an umbrella review.

Aims: This systematic review aims to evaluate and summarize findings from published meta-analyses on the effects of regular exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The review will assess the impact of exercise on functional parameters, health-related quality of life, haemodynamic parameters, physical activity levels, adverse events, and mortality.

Methods And Results: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases (up to May 2023) to identify meta-analyses including randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of regular exercise in patients with PAD.

Combined exercise intervention in a mouse model of high-risk neuroblastoma: effects on physical, immune, tumor and clinical outcomes.

Background: Exercise might exert anti-tumoral effects in adult cancers but this question remains open in pediatric tumors, which frequently show a different biology compared to adult malignancies. We studied the effects of an exercise intervention on physical function, immune variables and tumoral response in a preclinical model of a highly aggressive pediatric cancer, high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB).

Methods: 6-8-week-old male mice with orthotopically-induced HR-NB were assigned to a control (N = 13) or exercise (5-week combined [aerobic+resistance]) group (N = 17).