Polymorphic Rearrangements of Human Chromosome 9 and Male Infertility: New Evidence and Impact on Spermatogenesis.

Chromosomal polymorphisms are structural variations in chromosomes that define the genomic variance of a species. These alterations are recurrent in the general population, and some of them appear to be more recurrent in the infertile population. Human chromosome 9 is highly heteromorphic, and how its rearrangement affects male fertility remains to be fully investigated.

In Vitro Combination of Ascorbic and Ellagic Acids in Sperm Oxidative Damage Inhibition.

It is known that an altered redox balance interferes with normal spermatic functions. Exposure to genotoxic substances capable of producing oxidative stress (OS) can cause infertility in humans. The use of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress contributes to the improvement in reproductive function.

Impact of Outer Membrane Vesicles on Sperm Function.

Reproductive tract infections account for approximately 15% of male infertility cases. () represents the most frequently isolated bacterial strain in the semen of infertile men. All Gram-negative bacteria constitutively produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs).

Evaluation of Zebrafish DNA Integrity after Individual and Combined Exposure to TiO Nanoparticles and Lincomycin.

Environmental contamination by nanoparticles (NPs) and drugs represents one of the most debated issues of the last years. The aquatic biome and, indirectly, human health are strongly influenced by the negative effects induced by the widespread presence of pharmaceutical products in wastewater, mainly due to the massive use of antibiotics and inefficient treatment of the waters. The present study aimed to evaluate the harmful consequences due to exposure to antibiotics and NPs, alone and in combination, in the aquatic environment.

Comprehensive Analysis of Global Research on Human Varicocele: A Scientometric Approach.

Purpose: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of research trends on the etiology, mechanisms, potential risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, surgical and non-surgical treatment of varicocele, and clinical outcomes before and after varicocele repair.

Materials And Methods: Varicocele studies published between 1988 and 2020 were retrieved from the Scopus database on April 5, 2021. Original studies on human varicocele were included, irrespective of language.

TiO-NPs and cadmium co-exposure: in vitro assessment of genetic and genomic DNA damage on Dicentrarchus labrax embryonic cells.

The increased titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) spread and their interaction with organic and inorganic pollutants arouses concern for the potential hazards for organisms and environment. This study tested in vitro the genotoxic effects of TiO-NPs (1 μg/mL) and cadmium (Cd) (0.1 μg/mL) co-exposure using Dicentrarchus labrax embryonic cells (DLEC) as experimental model.

Esoteric power, useless, useful: considerations about dreams in cognitive-behavioural therapy.

For a long time dreamwork in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) was considered useless and as a technique specific to psychodynamic approaches, consequently overlooked in the treatment course. In the last twenty years, thanks to the contribution of neuroscience studies on sleep and dreams, dreams joined the attention and interest of authors belonging to the CBT field. The central feature of dreamwork in CBT is the abandonment of the exploration of latent meaning, which is instead considered in continuity with the waking life.

DNA Damage in Human Amniotic Cells: Antigenotoxic Potential of Curcumin and -Lipoic Acid.

Oxidative imbalances in the gestational phase are responsible for certain complications during pregnancy and for foetal and neonatal genetic disorders. In this work, using human amniocytes, we aimed to evaluate the protection provided to foetal DNA by two concentrations of antioxidant molecules, α-lipoic acid (LA) and curcumin (Cur), against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced damage. Genotoxicity tests, performed by the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) technique and TUNEL tests, showed that the lowest concentration of LA-protected cells and DNA from HO insults.

Protective Effects of Curcumin on the Outcome of Cryopreservation in Human Sperm.

Cryopreservation causes decreased sperm fertility potential due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and physical-chemical damage, resulting in reduced sperm viability and motility. The addition of antioxidants to freezing media could protect sperm from cryo-damage, counteracting the harmful effects of ROS. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation in freezing medium on preventing cryo-damage in human semen.

Adsorption of Cd to TiO-NPs Forms Low Genotoxic AGGREGATES in Zebrafish Cells.

The aquatic environment is involved in the pollutants spreading mechanisms, including nanomaterials and heavy metals. The aims of this study were to assess the in vivo genotoxicity of Cd (1 mg/L) and to investigate the genomic effects generated by its co-exposure with TiO-NPs (10 µg/L). The study was performed using zebrafish as a model for 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of exposure.

In vitro ameliorative effects of ellagic acid on vitality, motility and DNA quality in human spermatozoa.

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a significant role in the etiology of male infertility, resulting in the impairment of male reproduction. This condition, characterized by an imbalance in the levels of oxidizing and antioxidant species in the seminal fluid, has a harmful impact on sperm functions and DNA integrity. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-genotoxic action of ellagic acid, a polyphenolic molecule of natural origin having a powerful antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative role.

Age-related miRNome landscape of cumulus oophorus cells during controlled ovarian stimulation protocols in IVF cycles.

Study Question: Is the microRNA (miRNA) expression pattern of cumulus oophorus cells (COCs) in women undergoing medically assisted reproduction (MAR) procedures differentially modulated according to patient age and gonadotropin treatment strategy?

Summary Answer: Maternal age is an independent factor impacting miRNA expression in COCs while gonadotropin treatment may affect follicular miRNA expression and IVF efficacy.

What Is Known Already: Epigenetic mechanisms in female infertility are complex and poorly studied. DNA methylation, histone modifications, miRNAs and nucleosome positioning influence cellular machinery through positive and negative feedback mechanisms either alone or interactively.

In Vitro Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiONPs) on Cadmium Chloride (CdCl) Genotoxicity in Human Sperm Cells.

The environmental release of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) associated with their intensive use has been reported to have a genotoxic effect on male fertility. TiONP is able to bind and transport environmental pollutants, such as cadmium (Cd), modifying their availability and/or toxicity. The aim of this work is to assess the in vitro effect of TiONPs and cadmium interaction in human sperm cells Semen parameters, apoptotic cells, sperm DNA fragmentation, genomic stability and oxidative stress were investigated after sperm incubation in cadmium alone and in combination with TiONPs at different times (15, 30, 45 and 90 min).

Protective activity of ellagic acid in counteract oxidative stress damage in zebrafish embryonic development.

During its development, embryo is easily susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence demonstrate protective role of the antioxidants, improving both cellular growth and embryonic development. Among these, ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogen properties.

NPs-TiO and Lincomycin Coexposure Induces DNA Damage in Cultured Human Amniotic Cells.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs-TiO or TiO-NPs) have been employed in many commercial products such as medicines, foods and cosmetics. TiO-NPs are able to carry antibiotics to target cells enhancing the antimicrobial efficiency; so that these nanoparticles are generally used in antibiotic capsules, like lincomycin, added as a dye. Lincomycin is usually used to treat pregnancy bacterial vaginosis and its combination with TiO-NPs arises questions on the potential effects on fetus health.

In vitro genotoxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO ) in human sperm cells.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO -NPs) are one of the most widely engineered nanoparticles used. The study has been focused on TiO -NPs genotoxic effects on human spermatozoa in vitro. TiO -NPs are able to cross the blood-testis barrier induced inflammation, cytotoxicity, and gene expression changes that lead to impairment of the male reproductive system.

Dioxin-like compounds bioavailability and genotoxicity assessment in the Gulf of Follonica, Tuscany (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea).

The Gulf of Follonica (Italy) is impacted by the chemical pollution from ancient mining activity and present industrial processes. This study was aimed to determine the bioavailability of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in coastal marine environment and to assess the genotoxic potential of waste waters entering the sea from an industrial canal. Moderately high levels of DCLs compounds (∑ PCDDs + PCDFs 2.

Correction: Metabolomic profiling and biochemical evaluation of the follicular fluid of endometriosis patients.

Correction for 'Metabolomic profiling and biochemical evaluation of the follicular fluid of endometriosis patients' by Marianna Santonastaso et al., Mol. BioSyst.

n-TiO2 and CdCl2 co-exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cadmium: Genomic, DNA and chromosomal damage evaluation in the marine fish European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Due to the large production and growing use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2), their release in the marine environment and their potential interaction with existing toxic contaminants represent a growing concern for biota. Different end-points of genotoxicity were investigated in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax exposed to n-TiO2 (1mgL(-1)) either alone and combined with CdCl2 (0.1mgL(-1)) for 7 days.

Anti-genotoxic ability of α-tocopherol and Anthocyanin to counteract fish DNA damage induced by musk xylene.

Many compounds released into the environment are able to interact with genetic material. The main purpose of genetic toxicology is to investigate the adverse effects of genotoxic molecules such as reduced fitness, changes in gene frequencies and their impact on genetic diversity in populations following genotoxic exposure. However, the ecological effects of many genotoxic compounds remain poorly understood.

Genomic and chromosomal damage in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Effects of the combined exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cadmium chloride.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) continuously released into waters, may cause harmful effects to marine organisms and their potential interaction with conventional toxic contaminants represents a growing concern for biota. We investigated the genotoxic potential of nanosized titanium dioxide (n-TiO2) (100 μg L(-1)) alone and in combination with CdCl2 (100 μg L(-1)) in Mytilus galloprovincialis after 4 days of in vivo exposure. RAPD-PCR technique and Micronucleus test were used to study genotoxicity.

Conversion of coal mine drainage ochre to water treatment reagent: Production, characterisation and application for P and Zn removal.

Coal mine drainage ochre is a ferruginous precipitate that forms from mine water in impacted watercourses and during treatment. With thousands of tonnes per annum of such ochre arising from mine water treatment in the UK alone, management of these wastes is a substantive issue. This paper demonstrates that the ochre from both active and passive treatment of coal mine drainage can be transformed into an effective water treatment reagent by simple acid dissolution and that the reagent can be used for the removal of dissolved phosphorous from municipal wastewater and zinc from non-coal mine waters.

Genotoxicity assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles in the teleost Danio rerio.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), widely used in paints, pharmaceutical preparations and in many consumer products, have been shown to induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Numerous studies have shown the potential impact of nanoparticles on a series of aquatic organisms and their toxicity has been linked to their dissolution, surface properties and size. In vitro studies have raised concerns about the toxicity of TiO2 NPs, but there are very limited data on ecotoxicity to aquatic life.

Influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin bioconcentration and toxicity in the marine fish European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

The present study investigated the influence of nano-TiO(2) (1 mg L(-1)) on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(2,3,7,8-TCDD) (46 pg L(-1)) bioconcentration and toxicity in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) during 7 days in vivo exposure. A multimarkers approach was applied in different organs: detoxification in liver; innate immunity and pro-inflammatory response and adaptive immunity in gills and spleen; genotoxicity in peripheral erythrocytes and muscle. Bioconcentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in presence of nano-TiO2 was investigated in liver, skin and muscle as well as interaction between nano-TiO2 and organic pollutants in artificial sea water (ASW).