Publications by authors named "Santiago-Perez M"
Introduction And Objectives: Timely regional-specific estimates of smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) are crucial for healthcare planning and tobacco control advocacy. Currently, this information is lacking in Portugal. The aim of this study was to estimate SAM by region in 2019 among the Portuguese population aged ≥35 years.
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- The study aimed to evaluate lifestyle changes related to diet and substance use during pregnancy and after childbirth among Galician women, focusing on how these changes relate to the mother's educational level.
- Data was collected from 6,436 women who gave birth between September 2015 and August 2016, showing that women generally adopted healthier lifestyles during pregnancy, which deteriorated in the months after childbirth.
- The findings indicated that lower education levels were associated with a higher prevalence of risk behaviors before, during, and after pregnancy, highlighting a significant connection between education and lifestyle choices related to maternal health.
The objective of this study is to assess the impact of applying prevalences derived from a small-area model at a regional level on smoking-attributable mortality (SAM). A prevalence-dependent method was used to estimate SAM. Prevalences of tobacco use were derived from a small-area model.
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- - The study investigates the link between smoking prevalence and lung cancer mortality in Spain, focusing on the time relationship between the two factors from 1991 to 2020.
- - A distributed lag non-linear model was used to analyze the data, revealing that the strongest impact of smoking on lung cancer deaths occurs with a 15-year lag, showing a relative risk of 2.9 at 71% prevalence.
- - The findings highlight that understanding smoking trends and their time effects is crucial for predicting lung cancer mortality rates in the future.
Assessment of effectiveness and impact of universal prophylaxis with nirsevimab for prevention of hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus in infants. The NIRSE-GAL study protocol.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Nirsevimab has been approved for universal RSV prevention in infants, with a study (NIRSE-GAL) launched in Galicia in September 2023 to assess its effectiveness against various RSV-related health issues.
- The study will monitor infants during the RSV season, focusing on different groups including newborns and those at high risk, and will track outcomes until significant events occur or the study concludes.
- Data analysis will utilize sophisticated models and will include safety monitoring of nirsevimab, with results communicated through scientific publications and conferences.
Article Synopsis
- Galicia, Spain, launched a program in September 2023 to give nirsevimab for RSV prevention in infants, focusing on newborns, those under 6 months, and high-risk children aged 6-24 months.
- The interim analysis of the study, using data from Sept 25 to Dec 31, 2023, assesses nirsevimab's effectiveness in preventing different levels of RSV-related hospitalizations and complications.
- The study compares the results with data from previous RSV seasons to calculate how many cases of hospitalization were potentially avoided due to the immunization campaign.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on infants, highlighting that the effects go beyond just hospitalization and require better understanding for future healthcare planning.
- Researchers analyzed data from 6626 children, comparing those hospitalized with severe RSV to those who weren't, focusing on healthcare visits and prescriptions related to respiratory issues.
- Results showed that severe RSV significantly increased visits to primary healthcare for conditions like wheezing and lower respiratory infections, indicating a substantial burden even after initial hospitalization.
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzes the trend of obesity prevalence in Spain from 1987 to 2020, focusing on individuals aged 15 and older across the country's 17 autonomous communities.
- It found that obesity prevalence rose from 7.3% in 1987 to 15.7% in 2020, with distinct trends observed across gender and regions, including periods of stabilization for both men and women.
- Despite a general stabilization in overall obesity rates in the last decade, the study noted a continuous increase in obesity prevalence among younger individuals aged 15 to 24.
Objectives: Previous studies suggest that there is discordance between actual weight status and body-weight perception. This fact has implications when it comes to designing public health interventions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the different categories of weight status and body-weight perception and to analyse their concordance in a representative Spanish population sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The factors and patterns associated with antibiotic consumption in infants are unclear. Our aim was to assess the cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption from birth to 16 months and identify factors associated with antibiotic consumption among infants aged 4-16 months.
Material And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2016 in a sample of 18 882 women from Galicia, Spain, who had given birth to a live child between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2016.
Background And Objectives: Continuous monitoring of smoking prevalence is essential to understand the evolution of the tobacco epidemic in a population. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of smoking prevalence in Spain and its 17 Autonomous Regions (ARs) in population ≥15 years during the period 1987-2020.
Methods: Tobacco consumption data were derived from the National Health Survey of Spain and the European Health Survey in Spain.
Objective: To characterize the prevalence of physical activity in the population aged ≥16 years integrating sedentarism and physical inactivity.
Method: A cross-sectional study using data from the Galician Risk Behavior Data System (n=12,928) was conducted. The population was classified into four categories: physically active (active and non-sedentary), active but sedentary (active and sedentary), lightly active (inactive and non-sedentary), and extremely sedentary (inactive and sedentary).
Background And Objective: Sedentary behavior is a predictive factor for numerous diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of the prevalence of sedentary behavior in the Spanish adult population between 1987 and 2020.
Methods: The data sources were the National and European Health Surveys.
Purpose: To assess the possible influence of the presence of varicocele on the quantification of testicular stiffness.
Methods: Ultrasound with shear wave elastography (SWE) was performed on 48 consecutive patients (96 testicles) referred following urology consultation for different reasons. A total of 94 testes were studied and distributed in three groups: testes with varicocele (group A, n = 19), contralateral normal testes (group B; n = 13) and control group (group C, n = 62).
Introduction: Small-area estimation methods are an alternative to direct survey-based estimates in cases where a survey's sample size does not suffice to ensure representativeness. Nevertheless, the information yielded by small-area estimation methods must be validated. The objective of this study was thus to validate a small-area model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to propose a short version of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (MLTPAQ) to estimate the prevalence of physical inactivity. MLTPAQ was included in the Galician Risk Behavior Information System survey. Each activity was associated with an intensity code, in multiples of 1 MET, and a weekly energy expenditure of less than 1000kcal was defined as physically inactive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Complete and accurate data on smoking prevalence at a local level would enable health authorities to plan context-dependent smoking interventions. However, national health surveys do not generally provide direct estimates of smoking prevalence by sex and age groups at the subnational level. This study uses a small-area model-based methodology to obtain precise estimations of smoking prevalence by sex, age group and region, from a population-based survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To estimate and discuss smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) for the 17 regions in Spain among the population aged ≥35 years in 2017, using two methods.
Methods: A descriptive analysis of SAM was conducted using two methods, the prevalence-independent method (PIM) and the prevalence-dependent method (PDM). Observed mortality was obtained from the National Institute of Statistics; smoking prevalence from three National Health Surveys; lung cancer mortality rates from the Cancer Prevention Study-II; and relative risks from five US cohorts.
Objective: To analyze the burden of tobacco consumption on mortality and years of life expectancy lost in population ≥35 years in Brazil in the period 1996-2019 and to identify trend changes in smoking-attributable mortality.
Method: An independent prevalence method using the lung cancer mortality rate as a proxy for cumulative smoking risk was used to estimate smoking-attributable mortality. Smoking-attributable mortality is estimated from the lung cancer mortality rate and applying relative risks from 5 US cohorts.
Objective: To assess changes in physical activity (PA) during pregnancy and after giving birth and to explore this according to age and educational level. To analyze whether the health professionals gave recommendations on PA.
Design: Observational study.
Cannabis is the most widely consumed illegal drug in Spain, with consumption concentrated mainly in adolescence and early adulthood. The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of cannabis use, cannabis use disorder (CUD) and dependent use in the Galician population aged 16 years and over, and to characterize cannabis users and cannabis dependent users. Data are from two cross-sectional studies from the Risk Behavior Information System conducted in 2017 (n = 7,841) and 2018 (n = 7,853).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction And Objectives: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of ETS exposure in Spain on mortality in 2020 in the population aged 35 years and over.
Methods: A method of estimating attributable mortality (AM) based on the prevalence of ETS exposure was applied.
Article Synopsis
- * It estimates SAM using lung cancer mortality as a proxy for tobacco consumption, revealing that tobacco caused approximately 1.7 million deaths during this period, with changes in leading causes of tobacco-related deaths differing by gender.
- * The findings indicate a decrease in SAM among men while increasing among women, underscoring the need for gender-specific public health interventions and tobacco control policies to address these evolving trends.
Internet use has rapidly spread around the world becoming an indispensable part of daily life. Despite its advantages, the dysfunctional use or abuse of the Internet can lead to addiction problems. The main objectives established in this study were to assess the prevalence of Internet use in the general Galician population and the prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) and at-risk of PIU in 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To know the impact of COVID-19 in incidence and lethality in nursing homes in Galicia.
Methods: This is a descriptive study of nursing homes residents and workers with confirmed COVID-19. The analysis spanned from March 1, 2020 to March 27, 2022, stratified into 6 periods (one per wave).