Neutralizing S1P inhibits intratumoral hypoxia, induces vascular remodelling and sensitizes to chemotherapy in prostate cancer.

Hypoxia promotes neovascularization, increased tumor growth, and therapeutic resistance. The transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), has been reported as the master driver of adaptation to hypoxia. We previously identified the sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P) pathway as a new modulator of HIF-1α under hypoxia.

Carbon monoxide pollution promotes cardiac remodeling and ventricular arrhythmia in healthy rats.

Rationale: Epidemiologic studies associate atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) pollution with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and increased cardiac mortality risk. However, there is a lack of data regarding cellular mechanisms in healthy individuals.

Objectives: To investigate the chronic effects of environmentally relevant CO levels on cardiac function in a well-standardized healthy animal model.

Contrasting effect of exercise and angiotensin II hypertension on in vivo and in vitro cardiac angiogenesis in rats.

Cardiac vessel density (beta-actin immunolabeling) and angiogenic capacity of coronary artery explants (culture in collagen gel) was determined in hypertrophied heart obtained by exercise training (10 wk) or ANG II infusion for 10 days. A group of rats received ANG II the last 10 days of training. The heart weight index was similarly elevated after exercise, and ANG II-hypertension compared with controls (3.