A Chronological Overview of Using Deep Learning for Leukemia Detection: A Scoping Review.

Leukemia is a rare but fatal cancer of the blood. This cancer arises from abnormal bone marrow cells and requires prompt diagnosis for effective treatment and positive patient prognosis. Traditional diagnostic methods (e.

Calorie restriction and calorie-restriction mimetics activate chaperone-mediated autophagy.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is part of the mammalian cellular proteostasis network that ensures protein quality control, maintenance of proteome homeostasis, and proteome changes required for the adaptation to stress. Loss of proteostasis is one of the hallmarks of aging. CMA decreases with age in multiple rodent tissues and human cell types.

Autophagy gene expression in skeletal muscle of older individuals is associated with physical performance, muscle volume and mitochondrial function in the study of muscle, mobility and aging (SOMMA).

Autophagy is essential for proteostasis, energetic balance, and cell defense and is a key pathway in aging. Identifying associations between autophagy gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle and physical performance outcomes would further our knowledge of mechanisms related with proteostasis and healthy aging. Muscle biopsies were obtained from participants in the Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging (SOMMA).

Chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates adipocyte differentiation.

Adipogenesis is a tightly orchestrated multistep process wherein preadipocytes differentiate into adipocytes. The most studied aspect of adipogenesis is its transcriptional regulation through timely expression and silencing of a vast number of genes. However, whether turnover of key regulatory proteins per se controls adipogenesis remains largely understudied.

Reduced endosomal microautophagy activity in aging associates with enhanced exocyst-mediated protein secretion.

Autophagy is essential for protein quality control and regulation of the functional proteome. Failure of autophagy pathways with age contributes to loss of proteostasis in aged organisms and accelerates the progression of age-related diseases. In this work, we show that activity of endosomal microautophagy (eMI), a selective type of autophagy occurring in late endosomes, declines with age and identify the sub-proteome affected by this loss of function.

Disseminated histoplasmosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient receiving TNF-alpha inhibitor therapy.

Histoplasmosis commonly presents as an asymptomatic or self-limited infection in immunocompetent patients, but immunocompromised hosts may present with severe and disseminated disease. Herein, we present a 26-year-old male with history of ulcerative colitis receiving long-term TNF-alpha inhibitor therapy who presented with six months of diarrhea and recently fever and hematochezia. On admission, he was febrile and hypotensive, with initial workup revealing pancytopenia and imaging reporting pulmonary infiltrates, pancolitis, and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes.

Morbid Obesity in Women Is Associated with an Altered Intestinal Expression of Genes Related to Cancer Risk and Immune, Defensive, and Antimicrobial Response.

Background: Little is known about the relation between morbid obesity and duodenal transcriptomic changes. We aimed to identify intestinal genes that may be associated with the development of obesity regardless of the degree of insulin resistance (IR) of patients.

Material And Methods: Duodenal samples were assessed by microarray in three groups of women: non-obese women and women with morbid obesity with low and high IR.

Seizures and COVID-19: Results from the Spanish Society of Neurology's COVID-19 registry.

We describea series of patients with COVID-19 who presented with seizures, reported in the Spanish Society of Neurology's COVID-19 Registry. This observational, descriptive,multicentre, registry-based study includes patients with confirmed COVID-19 who experienced seizures during active infection.Wedescribe theclinicalpresentation of COVID-19,seizures,and resultsof complementary tests.

EVOO Promotes a Less Atherogenic Profile Than Sunflower Oil in Smooth Muscle Cells Through the Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Endothelial Cells.

Background: Little is known about the effect of extra virgin olive (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO) on the composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by endothelial cells and the effects of these EVs on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). These cells play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of endothelial cells-derived EVs incubated with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins obtained after a high-fat meal with EVOO (EVOO-EVs) and SO (SO-EVs), on the transcriptomic profile of SMCs.

Environmental drivers of the seasonal exposure to airborne Alternaria spores in Spain.

Alternaria conidia have high allergenic potential and they can trigger important respiratory diseases. Due to that and to their extensive detection period, airborne Alternaria spores are considered as a relevant airborne allergenic particle. Several studies have been developed in order to predict the human exposure to this aeroallergen and to prevent their negative effects on sensitive population.

Oxidized LDL Increase the Proinflammatory Profile of Human Visceral Adipocytes Produced by Hypoxia.

Background: Little is known about the effects of hypoxia on scavenger receptors (SRs) levels in adipocytes. We analyzed the effect of morbid obesity and hypoxia on SRs and inflammation markers in human visceral adipocytes and whether ox-LDL modify the inflammatory profile produced by hypoxia.

Methods: We studied in 17 non-obese and 20 subjects with morbid obesity (MO) the mRNA expression of HIF-1α, SRs (LOX-1, MSR1, CL-P1 and CXCL16), IL6 and TNFα in visceral adipocytes and the effect of hypoxia with or without ox-LDL on visceral in vitro-differentiated adipocytes (VDA).

Recovery of parathyroid function in patients with thyroid cancer treated by total thyroidectomy: An analysis of 685 patients with hypoparathyroidism at discharge of surgery.

Objective: We aimed to study the predictive factors for recovery of parathyroid function in hypoparathyroid patients after total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer.

Methods: We designed a retrospective, multicentre and nation-wide analysis of patients with total thyroidectomy who were seen in twenty endocrinology departments from January to March 2018. We selected patients with histologically proven thyroid cancer and retrieved information related to surgical procedure and thyroid cancer features.

An Isolated Dose of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Produces a Better Postprandial Gut Hormone Response, Lipidic, and Anti-Inflammatory Profile that Sunflower Oil: Effect of Morbid Obesity.

Introduction: This study evaluates the effects of 25 mL of three types of oils [extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), olive oil (OO), and sunflower oil (SO)] on postprandial (3 h) satiety markers and variables related to metabolic status and inflammation in non-obese patients (n = 6) and in those with morbid obesity (n = 6), before and 1 year after Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass (RYGB).

Methods And Results: After EVOO intake, serum acylated ghrelin decreases and GLP1 increases more than with OO and SO. EVOO causes a higher increase of insulin and lower postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and free fatty acid levels than with OO and SO.

Neurological presentations of COVID-19: Findings from the Spanish Society of Neurology neuroCOVID-19 registry.

Objective: We report the findings from the Spanish Society of Neurology's NeuroCOVID-19 Registry.

Methods: We performed a multicentre study of patients with neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Participating physicians reported demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data and judged the involvement of COVID-19 in causing neurological symptoms.

Oleic acid restores the rhythmicity of the disrupted circadian rhythm found in gastrointestinal explants from patients with morbid obesity.

Background & Aims: We investigated whether oleic acid (OA), one of the main components of the Mediterranean diet, participates in the regulation of the intestinal circadian rhythm in patients with morbid obesity.

Methods: Stomach and jejunum explants from patients with morbid obesity were incubated with oleic acid to analyze the regulation of clock genes.

Results: Stomach explants showed an altered circadian rhythm in CLOCK, BMAL1, REVERBα, CRY1, and CRY2, and an absence in PER1, PER2, PER3 and ghrelin (p > 0.

Permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism: an analysis of prevalence and predictive factors for adequacy of control in a cohort of 260 patients.

Background: Recent guidelines for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism emphasize the need for long-term disease control, avoiding symptoms and hypocalcaemia. Our aim has been to analyze the prevalence of poor disease control in a national cohort of patients with hypoparathyroidism, as well as to evaluate predictive variables of inadequate disease control.

Methods: From a nation-wide observational study including a cohort of 1792 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy, we selected 260 subjects [207 women and 53 men, aged (mean ± SD) 47.

Variability in the management and imaging use in paediatric minor head trauma in European emergency departments. A Research in European Pediatric Emergency Medicine study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the variability in the management of paediatric MHT in European emergency departments (EDs).

Methods: This was a multicentre retrospective study of children ≤18 years old with minor head trauma (MHT) (Glasgow Coma Scale ≥14) who presented to 15 European EDs between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 31. Data on clinical characteristics, imaging tests, and disposition of included patients were collected at each hospital over a 3-year period.

NGS of microRNAs Involved in Cardioprotection Induced by Sevoflurane Compared to Propofol in Myocardial Revascularization Surgery: The ACDHUVV-16 Clinical Trial.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that halogenated agents elicit myocardial conditioning effects when administered perioperatively in cardiac surgery. Recent evidence has been published on the benefits of maintaining exposure to halogenated agents during the early postoperative period. The enzymatic mechanisms by which this beneficial effect is exerted were explained recently.

Renal and Neurologic Benefit of Levosimendan Dobutamine in Patients With Low Cardiac Output Syndrome After Cardiac Surgery: Clinical Trial FIM-BGC-2014-01.

Background: Low-cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after cardiac surgery secondary to systemic hypoperfusion is associated with a higher incidence of renal and neurological damage. A range of effective therapies are available for LCOS. The beneficial systemic effects of levosimendan persist even after cardiac output is restored, which suggests an independent cardioprotective effect.

Oleic Acid Protects Against Insulin Resistance by Regulating the Genes Related to the PI3K Signaling Pathway.

Background: The effects of different types of fatty acids on the gene expression of key players in the IRS1/PI3K signaling pathway have been poorly studied.

Material And Methods: We analyzed IRS1, p85α, and p110β mRNA expression and the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in visceral adipose tissue from patients with morbid obesity and from non-obese patients. Moreover, we analyzed the expression of those genes in visceral adipocytes incubated with oleic, linoleic, palmitic and dosahexaenoic acids.

Different Expression of Duodenal Genes Related to Insulin Resistance Between Nonobese Women and Those with Severe Obesity.

Objective: The study aim was to identify changes in duodenal gene expression associated with the development of insulin resistance according to the BMI of women.

Methods: Duodenal samples were assessed by microarray in four groups of women, nonobese women and women with severe obesity, with both low and high insulin resistance.

Results: There was a group of shared downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to tissue homeostasis and antimicrobial humoral response in women with higher insulin resistance both with severe obesity and without obesity.

miRNA/Target Gene Profile of Endothelial Cells Treated with Human Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Obtained after a High-Fat Meal with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Sunflower Oil.

Scope: The effects of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) on the miRNA expression of endothelial cells, which are very involved in atherosclerosis, according to the type of diet are not known.

Methods And Results: The differences between the effects of TRLs isolated from blood of subjects after a high-fat meal with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO) on the microRNA-Seq profile related to atherosclerosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells are analyzed. 28 upregulated microRNAs with EVOO-derived TRLs, which can regulate 22 genes related to atherosclerosis, are found.