High efficiency and circular polarization in SATCOM phased arrays using tri-ridge apertures.

A new antenna array architecture is proposed here to overcome a current bottleneck in phased arrays concerning the enhancement of radiation efficiency and avoidance of scan blindness. In contrast to the conventional approach of using patches with circular or square geometries that exploit 90 or 180 rotational symmetry, this work proposes to use waveguide radiating elements based on 120 symmetry. To implement such symmetry, the tri-ridge aperture is proposed, and its capability to scan widely within a broad frequency bandwidth is demonstrated.

Vaporization of the prostate with 150-w thulium laser: complications with 6-month follow-up.

Unlabelled: Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and safety of vaporization of the prostate (VP) with the 150-W thulium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Tm:YAG) laser.

Patients And Methods: In a prospective series of 55 patients with small- and medium-size prostates undergoing major outpatient surgery (MOS), the primary objectives were to analyze changes in maximum flow (Qmax) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) after 6 months. Immediate (<30 days) and late (>30 days) complications were subsequently recorded.