Proportion of Hypogonadism in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Patients and Its Contributing Factors.

Background: Beta thalassemia is a lifelong disease involving malformed red blood cells (RBC). One of the disease's complications is hypogonadism, in which adults tend to exhibit regression in sexual characteristics, experience sexual dysfunction, and therefore have a lower quality of life. Around 3-10% of the Indonesian population carries the beta-thalassemia gene.

Secretome of Hypoxia-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Angiogenesis in Diabetic Rats with Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: Lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the main risk of diabetes mellitus which result to high mortality rate. Approximately, 50% of patients who receive several treatments have passed away or lost limbs at a year's follow-up. Secretome of hypoxia mesenchymal stem cells (S-MSCs) contains several active soluble molecules from hypoxia MSCs (H-MSCs) that capable inducing anti-inflammatory and vascular regeneration in PAD.

The Effect of Drug-Related Problems on Blood Glucose Level in the Treatment of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effect of drug-related problems (DRPs) on changes in blood glucose level (BGL) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: This three-month prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to patients of T2DM with complications hospitalised in Haji Adam Malik (HAM) Hospital, Medan, Indonesia period from July to October 2018. DRPs were identified and classified by using Cipolle DRP classification and trustable literature.

Correlations between Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 with Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Levels after Treatment of Diabetic Rats with Puguntano ( [Merr.]) Leaf Extract.

Background: Defects in post-receptor insulin signalling are the major cause of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the correlations between insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) levels after puguntano ( [Merr.]) leaf extract treatment in a rat model of T2DM.

The Effect of Puguntano Leaf Extract (.) On P38 Mapk Levels and Glut-4 Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Rat Muscle.

Background: Puguntano (.) contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids/ terpenoids which improved post-receptor insulin signalling in rats model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of puguntano leaf extract on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) levels and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) expression in diabetic rats muscle.

Neck Circumference in Overweight/Obese Subjects who Visited the Binjai Supermall in Indonesia.

Background: Neck circumference (NC) is a simple screening measure for identifying overweight and obesity, it reflects upper-body fat distribution and central obesity.

Aim: To determine whether a single measure of NC might be used to identify overweight/obesity.

Material And Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was done.