Fabrication of 3D Polycaprolactone Macrostructures by 3D Electrospinning.

Building 3D electrospun macrostructures and monitoring the biological activities inside them are challenging. In this study, 3D fibrous polycaprolactone (PCL) macrostructures were successfully fabricated using in-house 3D electrospinning. The main factors supporting the 3D self-assembled nanofiber fabrication are the HPO additives, flow rate, and initial distance.

Insight into molecular structures and dynamical properties of niosome bilayers containing melatonin molecules: a molecular dynamics simulation approach.

Niosomes represent vesicular carriers capable of encapsulating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs within their inner core or bilayer shell. They are typically composed of non-ionic synthetic surfactants such as sorbitan monostearate (Span60) with the addition of cholesterol (Chol). The physical properties and stability of niosomal vesicles strongly depend on the composition of their bilayers, which plays a significant role in determining the efficiency of drug encapsulation and release in drug delivery systems.

Fabrication and thermoelectric conversion of thermoelectric concrete brick with buried unileg N-type CaMnO thermoelectric module inside.

To investigate the effect of heat loss reduction due to thermal insulator and thermal interface resistance due to multi-layer structure in order to improve the efficiency of a thermoelectric device, a thermoelectric concrete brick was fabricated using a unileg n-type CaMnO thermoelectric module inside. CaMnO thermoelectric materials were synthesized by starting materials CaCO and MnO to produce a unileg n-type CaMnO module. Thermoelectric concrete brick consisted of two types: I-layer brick (one layer of concrete thermal insulator) and III-layer brick (three layers of different concrete insulators).

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Sugarcane Bagasse-Derived Activated Carbon via a High-Energy Ball Milling Treatment.

Activated carbon (AC) from sugarcane bagasse was prepared using dry chemical activation with KOH. It was then subjected to a high-energy ball milling (HEBM) treatment under various milling speeds (600, 1200 and 1800 rpm) to produce AC nanoparticles from micro-size particles. The AC samples after the HEBM treatment exhibited reduced particle sizes, increased mesopore volume and a rich surface oxygen content, which contribute to higher pseudocapacitance.

Microporous carbon in the selective electro-oxidation of molecular biomarkers: uric acid, ascorbic acid, and dopamine.

Herein, we demonstrate the superior electrocatalytic activities of microporous carbon in the oxidation of three molecular biomarkers, ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA), which are co-present in biological fluids. The voltammetric responses of AA, DA, and UA at the low-cost microporous carbon electrode show significantly better sensitivity and selectivity than other more expensive and commonly used electrode materials such as copper(ii) oxide, copper(i) oxide, and carbon nanotube. Differential pulse voltammetry at the microporous carbon electrode allows the detection of AA, DA, and UA with linear ranges of 100-2000 μM (AA), 10-150 μM (DA), and 10-150 μM (UA), sensitivities of 6.

Fabrication of Piezoelectric Electrospun Termite Nest-like 3D Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering.

A high piezoelectric coefficient polymer and biomaterial for bone tissue engineering- poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)-has been successfully fabricated into 3D scaffolds using the wet electrospinning method. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have significant advantages for tissue engineering applications. Electrospinning is an advanced method and can fabricate 3D scaffolds.

Molecular insight on the formation structure and dynamics of melatonin in an aqueous solution and at the Water-Air interface: A molecular dynamics study.

Melatonin is a natural hormone that has been shown highly antioxidant effects. Consequently, it has been extensively studied for its therapeutic potential in several diseases such as insomnia, cardiovascular, Alzheimer, and certain types of cancers. Recently, it has been used to adjuvant treatment for COVID-19 patients.

Effect of free oxygen radical anions and free electrons in a CaAlO cement structure on its optical, electronic and antibacterial properties.

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of free oxygen radicals and free electrons in a CaAlO (C12A7) cement structure on the optical, electronic and antibacterial activity of this material. CaAlO was successfully fabricated via rapid heating to high temperatures by high frequency electromagnetic induction. CaAlO cement samples were characterized using XRD and UV-Vis-DRS spectroscopy.

Nanopriming technology for enhancing germination and starch metabolism of aged rice seeds using phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles.

Application of nanomaterials for agriculture is relatively new as compared to their use in biomedical and industrial sectors. In order to promote sustainable nanoagriculture, biocompatible silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized through green route using kaffir lime leaf extract for use as nanopriming agent for enhancing seed germination of rice aged seeds. Results of various characterization techniques showed the successful formation of AgNPs which were capped with phytochemicals present in the plant extract.

Charge storage mechanisms of manganese oxide nanosheets and N-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogel for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors.

Although manganese oxide- and graphene-based supercapacitors have been widely studied, their charge storage mechanisms are not yet fully investigated. In this work, we have studied the charge storage mechanisms of K-birnassite MnO nanosheets and N-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogel (N-rGO) using an in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and an electrochemical quart crystal microbalance (EQCM). The oxidation number of Mn at the MnO electrode is +3.

Environmentally benign synthesis of phytochemicals-capped gold nanoparticles as nanopriming agent for promoting maize seed germination.

Application of nanotechnology in agriculture is moving towards to improve the cultivation and growth of crop plants. The present study is the first attempt to propose a simple, yet cost-effective and ecofriendly synthesis of phytochemicals-capped GNPs using rhizome extract of galanga plant at room temperature. The synthesized GNPs were characterized by various characterization techniques.

Local Structure Determination of Carbon/Nickel Ferrite Composite Nanofibers Probed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.

Carbon/NiFe2O4 composite nanofibers have been successfully prepared by electrospinning method using a various concentration solution of Ni and Fe nitrates dispersed into polyacrylonitride (PAN) solution in N,N' dimethylformamide. The phase and mophology of PAN/NiFe2O4 composite samples were characterized and investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the prepared samples were measured at ambient temperature by a vibrating sample magnetometer.

The DC Bias Voltage Effect and Non-Linear Dielectric Properties of Titanate Nanotubes.

This work reports the nonlinear current-voltage behavior and the effects of dc bias voltage on the dielectric and electrical properties of titanate nanotubes (TNTs) prepared by hydrothermal method at 130 degrees C for 24 h. The TNTs sample exhibited high dielectric constant of > 10(4) at 100 Hz at room temperature with slight dependence on frequency in the range of 10(2)-10(4) Hz. The external resistance forms at the interface between electrode and surface sample.

Polymerized Complex Synthesis and Effect of Ti Dopant on Magnetic Properties of LaFeO3 Nanoparticles.

Structure, characterization, and magnetic properties of Ti-doped LaFeO3 (LaFe(1-x)Ti(x)O3, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.

Dramatically enhanced non-Ohmic properties and maximum stored energy density in ceramic-metal nanocomposites: CaCu3Ti4O12/Au nanoparticles.

Non-Ohmic and dielectric properties of a novel CaCu3Ti4O12/Au nanocomposite were investigated. Introduction of 2.5 vol.

Synthesis, characterization, and magnetic properties of monodisperse CeO2 nanospheres prepared by PVP-assisted hydrothermal method.

Ferromagnetism was observed at room temperature in monodisperse CeO2 nanospheres synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a surfactant. The structure and morphology of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The optical properties of the nanospheres were determined using UV and visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL).

Synthesis and characterization of high purity hydroxyapatite nanorods by hydrothermal technique.

High purity hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal technique using Ca(NO3)2 x 4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 as starting materials in a hydrothermal reactor at 150-200 degrees C for 12-24 h with pH6 and pH9.5, respectively. The prepared HAp nanorods were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and TEM techniques.

Synthesis and structure analysis of La0.5SR0.5TiO3 nanoparticles prepared by thermal decomposition method.

La0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (LSTO) nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition method using Cl3La, CI2Sr x 6H2O and C16H28O6Ti as starting materials.

CaCu3Ti4O12 nanoparticles using polyvinyl pyrrolidone: synthesis and dielectric properties.

Nanocrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 powders with particle sizes of 39.28 8.12 nm were synthesized by a simple modify sol-gel using PVP (Poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone).

Magnetism of nanocrystalline (La(0.5)Sr(0.5))TiO3 doped with 3d cations.

Nanocrystallites of nominal composition (La(0.5)Sr(0.5))TiO(3) 12-15 nm in diameter exhibit a diamagnetic susceptibility that is greater by a factor of three than that of bulk ceramic material, due to a much-reduced Pauli paramagnetic contribution associated with oxidation (cation deficiency) of the material.

Different properties of electrospun fibrous scaffolds of separated heavy-chain and light-chain fibroins of Bombyx mori.

This study is the first to report on the fabrication and properties of electrospun scaffolds derived from separated light-chain fibroin and heavy-chain fibroin, two major proteins of silk fibroin. Among seven different extraction conditions, which were commonly used to extract fibroin from cocoons of Bombyx mori, only Ajisawa's reagent and 9 M lithium thiocyanate could extract both heavy-chain fibroin and light-chain fibroin, while the other conditions could yield only the light-chain fibroin. Mixed fibroin, light-chain fibroin, and heavy-chain fibroin were fabricated using electrospinning methods.

Alternative biomaterials: natural, non-woven, fibroin-based silk nanofibers of weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina).

Silks of silkworms and spiders have been widely studied as biomaterials, however, none has been reported on silks produced by weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina). This study is the first to report on some properties of natural silk fibers of weaver ants and their potential application as a cell matrix. Weaver ant fibrous mat contained non-woven mesh of fibers with diameters ranging from 266 to 3056 nm.

Room temperature ferromagnetism in Fe-doped CeO2 nanoparticles.

RT ferromagnetism was observed in nanoparticles of Fe-doped CeO2 (i.e., Ce(0.

Magnetic and Cytotoxicity Properties of La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3) (0

This study reports the magnetic and cytotoxicity properties of magnetic nanoparticles of La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3) (LSMO) with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.