Synergistic anaerobic caffeine degradation and bioelectricity production using microbial fuel cell.

Caffeine is considered a pollutant that threatens aquatic life and human well-being, and its anaerobic treatment is typically a slow process. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) present a sustainable alternative by enabling caffeine degradation while simultaneously generating electricity. This study investigates the anaerobic degradation of caffeine using MFCs as a sustainable wastewater treatment approach under various operational conditions.