The association between ibuprofen administration in children and the risk of developing or exacerbating asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drugs in children. However, its potential causal role in childhood asthma pathogenesis remains uncertain. In this systematic review, we assessed the association between ibuprofen administration in children and the risk of developing or exacerbating asthma.

Pulmonary hypertension and the potential of 'drug' repurposing: A case for African medicinal plants.

Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a haemodynamic disorder in which elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation is caused by abnormal vascular tone. Despite advances in treatment, PH mortality remains high, and drug repurposing has been proposed as a mitigating approach. This article reviews the studies that have investigated drug repurposing as a viable option for PH.

A retrospective study of tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among HIV-positive key populations in Nigeria.

HIV is a major risk factor for active Tuberculosis (TB.) This raises patients' risk of original infection, reinfection, and TB reactivation. Providing healthcare to KPLHIV in developing countries requires TB prevalence research.

Examining the ability of palm kernel shell extract to control corrosion and assess its economic value on thermo-mechanically treated steel in artificial seawater: a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach.

Each year, the rising demand for palm oil generates large amounts of palm kernel shell waste. Discarded palm kernel shells can produce activated carbon, crushed shells, liquified fumes, and other derivatives; however, their indiscriminate disposal persists, raising issues related to the environment and economy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the use of palm kernel shell as a corrosion inhibitor for thermo-mechanically treated steel in a seawater environment using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques, as well as surface tests at varying concentrations.

Prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress among key populations in Nigeria.

Background: Stigmatization and discrimination within healthcare settings deter key populations (KPs) from seeking mental health and psychosocial support (MHPS). Consequently, understanding the prevalence, associated factors, and impact of the MHPSS intervention on psychological distress among Nigeria's KPs is crucial.

Method: This is a cross-sectional study focused on KPs, including Female Sex Workers (FSW), Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), and People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) enrolled in Heartland Alliance LTD/GTE across 17 One-Stop Shops (OSS) in six states of Nigeria.

Non-Genetic-Induced Zebrafish Model for Type 2 Diabetes with Emphasis on Tools in Model Validation.

The unrelenting increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) necessitates the urgent need for effective animal models to mimic its pathophysiology. Zebrafish possess human-like metabolic traits and share significant genetic similarities, making them valuable candidates for studying metabolic disorders, including T2D. This review emphasizes the critical role of animal models in diabetes research, especially focusing on zebrafish as an alternative model organism.

Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Tectona Grandis Crude Extract Modulate Glucose Absorption and Uptake as Well as Antihyperglycemic Potential in Fructose-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health challenge with increased morbidity and mortality rates yearly. Herbal medicine has provided an alternative approach to treating T2D with limited access to formal healthcare. is being used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes.

A retrospective analysis of the trends in modern contraceptive use among adolescents and young women (15-24 years) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the last two decades.

Introduction: The increasing rate of unsafe abortion among adolescents and young women (AYW) in Sub-Saharan Africa may be attributed to a high rate of undesirable pregnancies and limited access to contraception services. The study looked at the prevalence of current contraception use among young women (15-24 years old) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

Methods: The study analyzed secondary data from the demographic health survey (DHS) and UNICEF concerning AYW aged 15-24 years using IBM Corp.

Insight into the mechanism and toxicology of nitrofurantoin: a metabolomics approach.

Safety and effectiveness are the two ends of the balance in drug development that needs to be evaluated. The biotransformation of drugs within a living organism could potentiate biochemical insults in the tissue and compromise the safety of drugs. Nitrofurantoin (NFT) is a cheap clinical antibiotic with a wide array of activities against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Diabetes during pregnancy among Métis people in Alberta: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Diabetes in pregnancy is an important public health concern for Indigenous populations. We sought to evaluate the prevalence and outcomes of pre-existing and gestational diabetes among Métis pregnancies compared with other pregnancies in Alberta, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using administrative health data from 2006 to 2016 and the Métis Nation of Alberta Identification Registry to compare the prevalence of pre-existing and gestational diabetes among all singleton Métis births with non-Métis births.

Ibuprofen, other NSAIDs and COVID-19: a narrative review.

At the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (March 2020), there was speculation that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, used to manage some of the symptoms of COVID-19, could increase the susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and negatively impact clinical outcomes. In the absence of any robust mechanistic and clinical evidence, this speculation led to confusion about the safety of ibuprofen, contributing to the so-called 'infodemic' surrounding COVID-19. A wealth of evidence has been generated in subsequent years, and this narrative review aims to consider the body of in vitro and in vivo research, observational studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, in COVID-19.

Gut microbiota crosstalk mechanisms are key in pulmonary hypertension: The involvement of melatonin is instrumental too.

The microbiota refers to a plethora of microorganisms with a gene pool of approximately three million, which inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract or gut. The latter, not only promotes the transport of nutrients, ions, and fluids from the lumen to the internal environment but is linked with the development of diseases including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and lung diseases. The exact mechanism of how the microbiota achieves crosstalk between itself and distant organs/tissues is not clear, but factors released to other organs may play a role, like inflammatory and genetic factors, and now we highlight melatonin as a novel mediator of the gut-lung crosstalk.

Dual A and A adenosine receptor antagonists, methoxy substituted 2-benzylidene-1-indanone, suppresses intestinal postprandial glucose and attenuates hyperglycaemia in fructose-streptozotocin diabetic rats.

Background/aim: Recent research suggests that adenosine receptors (ARs) influence many of the metabolic abnormalities associated with diabetes. A non-xanthine benzylidene indanone derivative 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-4-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-one (2-BI), has shown to exhibit higher affinity at A/A ARs compared to caffeine. Due to its structural similarity to caffeine, and the established antidiabetic effects of caffeine, the current study was initiated to explore the possible antidiabetic effect of 2-BI.

Predictive Molecular Design and Structure-Property Validation of Novel Terpene-Based, Sustainably Sourced Bacterial Biofilm-Resistant Materials.

Presented in this work is the use of a molecular descriptor, termed the α parameter, to aid in the design of a series of novel, terpene-based, and sustainable polymers that were resistant to biofilm formation by the model bacterial pathogen . To achieve this, the potential of a range of recently reported, terpene-derived monomers to deliver biofilm resistance when polymerized was both predicted and ranked by the application of the α parameter to key features in their molecular structures. These monomers were derived from commercially available terpenes (, α-pinene, β-pinene, and carvone), and the prediction of the biofilm resistance properties of the resultant novel (meth)acrylate polymers was confirmed using a combination of high-throughput polymerization screening (in a microarray format) and testing.

Climate Change and African Migrant Health.

Introduction: Climate change exacerbates existing sociopolitical and economic vulnerabilities, undermining livelihoods, inflating the risk of conflict, and making it difficult for people to remain stable. In 2019, around 25 million new displacements occurred due to natural disasters. This review aims to summarize the existing evidence regarding the impact of climate change on the health of African immigrants.

Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition of Essential Oil-Based Inhibitors on Aluminum Alloys.

There is a high demand for eco-friendly, effective, and high-performance corrosion inhibitors for industrial applications. Thus, the corrosion property of aluminum alloys was studied in essential oil-containing sodium chloride solution at various concentrations. Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface tests, and weight loss analysis were used to study the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the essential oil.

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates.

The roles of fusion gene in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus are well established, but the extent of its variation among the XIV, XVII, and XVIII genotypes reported in Central Africa and West Africa has until recently been understudied. In this study, virulent Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) was isolated from dead chickens among vaccinated flocks between March and April 2020. Fusion (F) gene was sequenced and analysed for characterization and information about genetic changes.

Variations in the Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation Among Reproductive-aged Women in Nigeria Across Three Generations.

Background And Objective: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is widespread mainly in low and middle-income countries. Nigeria is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of FGM, accounting for about one of every four cases globally. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of FGM among three generations in Abuja, the federal capital city of Nigeria.

Flavor release and stability comparison between nano and conventional emulsion as influenced by saliva.

Flavour release and emulsion stability depend on volatile organic compounds' environmental conditions, food microstructure, and physicochemical properties. The effect of pH (3.5 vs 7.

Immigrant child health in Canada: a scoping review.

Introduction: Understanding the health of immigrant children from birth to 18 years of age is important given the significance of the early childhood years and complexity of factors that may influence the health status of immigrant populations. Thus, the purpose of this review was to understand the extent and nature of the literature on the health of immigrant children in Canada.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature.

Multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of new 1,3,4-thiadiazole-thiazolidine-4-one molecular hybrids as promising antidiabetic agents through α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition.

A simple and efficient protocol was developed to synthesize a new library of thiazolidine-4-one molecular hybrids (4a-n) via a one-pot multicomponent reaction involving 5-substituted phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines, substituted benzaldehydes and 2-mercaptoacetic acid. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antidiabetic activities through α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. Compound 4e exhibited the most promising α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition with an IC value of 2.