Analytical microscopy techniques using coaxial and oblique illuminations to detect thin glass particulates generated from glass vials for parenteral drug products.

Glass vials are the most widely used primary containers for the packaging of parenteral products due to their optical clarity, general inertness, and hermetic properties, but under certain circumstances, they can pose safety concerns. Most of these issues are related to the potential formation of glass particulates through delamination or precipitation, resulting from the chemical interaction between the drug product and the inner surface of the glass vial. Hence, it is imperative for pharmaceutical companies to conduct product-vial compatibility studies to determine the appropriate packaging/container closure system.

Diabetic mastopathy: about two cases.

Diabetic mastopathy is a rare and benign pathology affecting young individuals with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune diseases. It clinically resembles breast cancer, necessitating a histological examination for a definitive diagnosis. These cases underscore the diagnostic challenges and the importance of histological examination.

Level of patient contact and Impact of Event scores among Canadian healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Healthcare providers (HCP) continue to provide patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic despite the known risks for transmission. Studies conducted early in the pandemic showed that factors associated with higher levels of distress among HCP included being of younger age, female, in close contact with people with COVID-19, and lower levels of education. The goal of this study was to determine if level of patient contact was associated with concern for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as measured by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R).

Serum -Glycan Profiling of Patients with Narcolepsy Type 1 Using LC-MS/MS.

The neurological condition known as narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is an uncommon condition marked by extreme daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, disrupted nocturnal sleep, and low or undetectable levels of orexin in the CSF fluid. NT1 has been hypothesized to be an immunological disorder; its treatment is currently only symptomatic, and misdiagnosis is not uncommon. This study compares the -glycome of NT1 patients with healthy controls in search of potential glycan biomarkers using LC-MS/MS.

Equity, diversity, and inclusion in oncology pharmacy practice: Everyone's business.

Introduction: Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) is gaining increased attention within all industries healthcare being no exception. The terminology Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion and its abbreviation EDI gained popularity in the early 2000's when varied socio-political factors prompted many organisations to examine EDI concepts and how to operationalise them. The growing diversity of our society requires cross-cultural inclusive approaches to increase equity and access to services.

Non-typhoidal in Nigeria: do outcomes of 'multisectoral' surveillance, treatment and control justify the intervention costs?

Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is significant and an economic burden in Nigeria. To determine whether investment in NTS control is economically justifiable, Outbreak Costing Tool (OCT) was used to estimate the robust funding of public and animal health systems for epidemio-surveillance and control of multisectoral NTS outbreaks in Nigeria. Health, production, and economic data were collected and used to populate the tool for evaluation.

Robotic versus laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy for live kidney donors.

Background: Waiting lists for kidney transplantation continue to grow. Live kidney donation significantly reduces waiting times and improves long-term outcomes for recipients. Major disincentives to potential kidney donors are the pain and morbidity associated with surgery.

The Associations Between Opioid Use Disorder and Healthcare-Related Outcomes in Vaso-occlusive Crisis.

Background: In patients who experience frequent vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), opioid dependence may be due to a need for pain control as opposed to addiction; the implications of opioid use disorder (OUD) in this population are unclear.

Objective: To compare outcomes in hospitalizations for VOC in those with a history of OUD to those without a history of OUD.

Design: A retrospective assessment of hospitalizations for adults in the USA with a primary discharge diagnosis of VOC using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019.

Cost-effectiveness of One Health intervention to reduce risk of human exposure and infection with non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) in Nigeria.

Background: Non-typhoidal infection (NTS) is an important foodborne zoonosis with underappreciated health and economic burdens, and low case fatality. It has global prevalence, with more burdens in under-resourced countries with poor health infrastructures. Using a cohort study, we determined the cost-effectiveness of NTS in humans in Nigeria for the year 2020.

Kaempferol mitigates reproductive dysfunctions induced by Naja nigricollis venom through antioxidant system and anti-inflammatory response in male rats.

Naja nigricollis Venom (NnV) contains complex toxins that affects various vital systems functions after envenoming. The venom toxins have been reported to induce male reproductive disorders in envenomed rats. This present study explored the ameliorative potential of kaempferol on NnV-induced male reproductive toxicity.

Targeted Analysis of Permethylated N-Glycans Using MRM/PRM Approaches.

Targeted mass spectrometric analysis is widely employed across various omics fields as a validation strategy due to its high sensitivity and accuracy. The approach has been successfully employed for the structural analysis of proteins, glycans, lipids, and metabolites. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) have been the methods of choice for targeted structural studies of biomolecules.

Targeted Glycoproteomics Analysis Using MRM/PRM Approaches.

MS-target analyses are frequently utilized to analyze and validate structural changes of biomolecules across diverse fields of study such as proteomics, glycoproteomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics. Targeted studies are commonly conducted using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) techniques. A reliable glycoproteomics analysis in intricate biological matrices is possible with these techniques, which streamline the analytical workflow, lower background interference, and enhance selectivity and specificity.

-Glycome Profile of the Spike Protein S1: Systemic and Comparative Analysis from Eleven Variants of SARS-CoV-2.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus rapidly spread worldwide, threatening public health. Since it emerged, the scientific community has been engaged in the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines. The subunit S1 in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates the viral entry into the host and is therefore one of the major research targets.

Underestimated economic and social burdens of non-Typhoidal Salmonella infections: The One Health perspective from Nigeria.

Background: The non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is a pathogenic bacterial zoonosis with substantial but often under-appreciated public health impacts. The NTS is prevalent in poultry and humans in Nigeria, yet its economic and social burden have not been determined through any empirical study. To bridge the gap, we evaluated the impact of NTS in social and economic terms.

Evidence of defect-induced broadband light emission from 2D Ag-Bi double perovskites grown at liquid-liquid interfaces.

Controlling the light emission spectra of low-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic materials remains an important goal toward the implementation of these materials into real-world optoelectronic devices. In this study, we present evidence that the self-assembly of two-dimensional (2D) silver bismuth iodide double perovskite derivatives at the interface of aqueous and organic solutions leads to the formation of defects capable of modulating the light emission spectra of these materials. Through an analysis of the structural parameters used to explain the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of 2D perovskites, we show the light spectra emitted by (4-ammonium methyl)piperidinium (4-AMP) and (3-ammonium methyl)pyridinium (3-AMPy)-spaced AgBiI double perovskites formed through interfacial solution-phase chemistry differ qualitatively and quantitatively from thin film samples.

Sustainability analysis of bioethanol production from grain and tuber starchy feedstocks.

A comparative sustainability study of bioethanol production from selected starchy feedstocks that are abundantly available was carried out in this work. This is to ensure the safe, reliable, and efficient production and consumption of fuel-grade bioethanol. The analysis utilised the established economic minimum bioethanol plant capacity of 158,000 m/annum.

Risk Factors for Persistent Infection of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North Central Nigeria.

Salmonellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing an array of health conditions. Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) has a discrete adaptation to certain animals; in poultry, pullorum and fowl typhoid are its primary disease manifestations. The diseases are prevalent in Nigerian poultry and have been well-studied in Nigeria, but less so in North Central Nigeria (NCN).

A review of noma cases in a tertiary hospital located in a conflict endemic region in Nigeria.

Noma, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), is a preventable oro-facial gangrenous infection causing destruction of oro-facial tissues if untreated. This descriptive study was conducted in North-Eastern Nigeria which has witnessed armed insurgency increasing risk of noma. Data was obtained from patients' records at a tertiary hospital after a dental educational outreach using radio and visits to the hospital's ante/postnatal clinics.

The effects of whole-body vibration amplitude on glucose metabolism, inflammation, and skeletal muscle oxygenation.

Whole-body vibration (WBV) is an exercise mimetic that elicits beneficial metabolic effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of WBV amplitude on metabolic, inflammatory, and muscle oxygenation responses. Forty women and men were assigned to a high (HI; n = 20, Age: 31 ± 6 y) or a low-amplitude group (LO; n = 20, Age: 33 ± 6 y).