Decompressive craniectomy plus best medical treatment versus best medical treatment alone for spontaneous severe deep supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage: a randomised controlled clinical trial.

Background: It is unknown whether decompressive craniectomy improves clinical outcome for people with spontaneous severe deep intracerebral haemorrhage. The SWITCH trial aimed to assess whether decompressive craniectomy plus best medical treatment in these patients improves outcome at 6 months compared to best medical treatment alone.

Methods: In this multicentre, randomised, open-label, assessor-blinded trial conducted in 42 stroke centres in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland, adults (18-75 years) with a severe intracerebral haemorrhage involving the basal ganglia or thalamus were randomly assigned to receive either decompressive craniectomy plus best medical treatment or best medical treatment alone.

Intracranial Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors: A Systematic Literature Review of a Rare Entity.

Background: Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors (PMTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms known for producing Tumor-induced Osteomalacia (TIO). TIO is an uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by radiographic evidence of inadequate bone mineralization and analytical abnormalites.

Methods: We sought to present a case of TIO caused by skull base PMT with intracranial extension, manifesting with pain, progressive weakness, and multiple bone fractures.

Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region: a systematic review.

Knowledge of xanthogranuloma (XG) of the sellar region comes from short series or single cases. We performed a systematic review, using the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, eLibrary, and BIOSIS Preview databases, of all cases reported from 2000 to the present. We also describe one unreported patient treated in our institution.

Endovascular assisted vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm clipping in a hybrid operation room. Case report.

Introduction: We present a case of a 60-year-old female that underwent surgery for clipping a right vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm (VBJA) in a hybrid operation room.

Research Question: Does the retrograde suction technique with a proximal balloon is safe and effective as an adjuvant technique in surgery of VBJA?

Material And Methods: After an extended retrosigmoid approach was performed, a 6F Neuron catheter with an intermediate multipurpose catheter were navigated to the right vertebral artery (VA) through a 6-French sheath, which caused a severe catheter-induced vasospasm in the right VA. The aneurysm was then deflated and clipped.

Anticipating Facial Nerve Position Using Three-Dimensional Tractography During the Preoperative Assessment of Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors.

Objective: We aim to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative facial nerve tractography in determining the facial nerve position in cerebellopontine angle tumor resection and its value in helping to preserve facial nerve function during surgery.

Methods: A prospective study was designed to include patients presenting with cerebellopontine angle tumors. Three-dimensional reconstruction of facial nerve tractography was performed and added to the usual preoperative testing in all patients.

Anterior transtemporal endoscopic selective amygdalohippocampectomy: a virtual and cadaveric feasibility study.

Purpose: Selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SelAH) is one of the most common surgical treatments for mesial temporal sclerosis. Microsurgical approaches are associated with the risk of cognitive and visual deficits due to damage to the cortex and white matter (WM) pathways. Our objective is to test the feasibility of an endoscopic approach through the anterior middle temporal gyrus (aMTG) to perform a SelAH.

Inferior fronto-occipital fascicle displacement in temporoinsular gliomas using diffusion tensor imaging.

Background And Purpose: Brain tumors can result in displacement or destruction of important white matter tracts such as the inferior fronto-occipital fascicle (IFOF). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can assess the extent of this effect and potentially provide neurosurgeons with an accurate map to guide tumor resection; analyze IFOF displacement patterns in temporoinsular gliomas based on tumor grading and topography in the temporal lobe; and assess whether these patterns follow a predictable pattern, to assist in maximal tumor resection while preserving IFOF function.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with temporal gliomas and available presurgical MRI were recruited.

Final Outcome in Growth Hormone-Secreting Adenomas After Combination of Maximal Tumor Resection and Medical Treatment.

Objective: Gross total resection (GTR) is not always possible in acromegalic patients, especially in patients with invasive growth hormone-secreting adenomas. We analyzed the biochemical remission outcome in relation to extent of tumor resection and effectiveness of medical treatment in cases of remnant tumor.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed of acromegalic patients operated on between 2002 and 2017.

Endoscopic Transanterior Middle Temporal Approach to the Atrium-An Anatomical Feasibility Study.

Objective: The atrium is the most common location for masses in the lateral ventricle. However, access to this area is limited owing to its deep location and adjacent eloquent neurovascular structures, such as the choroidal arteries, perisylvian white matter (WM) tracts, and optic radiations. We investigated the feasibility and safety of an endoscopic approach to the atrium via the anterior middle temporal gyrus (MTG).

Treatment of cavernous malformations in supratentorial eloquent areas: experience after 10 years of patient-tailored surgical protocol.

Background: Eloquent area surgery has become safer with the development of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring and brain mapping techniques. However, the usefulness of intraoperative electric brain stimulation techniques applied to the management and surgical treatment of cavernous malformations in supratentorial eloquent areas is still not proven. With this study, we aim to describe our experience with the use of a tailored functional approach to treat cavernous malformations in supratentorial eloquent areas.

Delayed surgical site infection 2 years after cervical disk arthroplasty. Case report and literature review.

Anterior cervical discectomy has a low non-mechanical complication rate. In our literature review, we found 7 cases of delayed surgical site infection. We report a case of cervical prevertebral abscess due to Propionibacterium acnes 2 years after discectomy and arthroplasty, with a beta-2-transferrin false positive test as a complementary highlighted finding.

Non-targeted profiling of circulating microRNAs in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): effects of obesity and sex hormones.

Purpose: Circulating micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that influence gene transcription. We conducted the present profiling study to characterize the expression of circulating miRNAs in lean and obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in premenopausal women.

Basic Procedures: We selected 11 control women, 12 patients with PCOS and 12 men so that they were similar in terms of body mass index.

Radiologic Predictors for Extent of Resection in Pituitary Adenoma Surgery. A Single-Center Study.

Background: Preoperative radiologic evaluation of pituitary adenomas is essential. Despite the efforts made to determine the achieved resection grade after pituitary adenoma surgery, there is a high level of disagreement among all the available classifications and measurement methods used. Our study aimed to determine pituitary adenoma imaging features, easily obtained from preoperative magnetic resonance, which could be used as resection predictor variables.

Serum Bioavailable Vitamin D Concentrations and Bone Mineral Density in Women After Obesity Surgery.

Introduction: Low bone mass after obesity surgery may arise as a consequence of chronic malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D. However, we have not found any role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D or of polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene in previous studies.

Purpose: To investigate the circulating bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D in women after bariatric procedures and its association with bone mass.

Functional approach using intraoperative brain mapping and neurophysiological monitoring for the surgical treatment of brain metastases in the central region.

OBJECTIVE Brain metastases are the most frequent intracranial malignant tumor in adults. Surgical intervention for metastases in eloquent areas remains controversial and challenging. Even when metastases are not infiltrating intra-parenchymal tumors, eloquent areas can be affected.

Assessment of the Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach for Surgical Clipping of Anterior Pontine Anterior-Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms.

Objective: Aneurysms of the anterior pontine segment of the anterior-inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) are uncommon. Their treatment is challenging because critical neurovascular structures are adjacent to it and the available surgical corridors are narrow and deep. Although endoscopic endonasal approaches are accepted for treating midline skull base lesions, their role in the treatment vascular lesions remains undefined.

Effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), sex hormones, and obesity on circulating miRNA-21, miRNA-27b, miRNA-103, and miRNA-155 expression.

Context: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA sequences that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNA-21, miRNA-27b, miRNA-103, and miRNA-155 have been associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes, which are also associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of sex, sex hormones, and PCOS and their interactions with obesity on the expression in the circulation of these miRNAs.

Supratentorial brain schwannomas: an uncommon location for a common tumour.

Introduction: Intracranial schwannomas not related to cranial nerves are uncommon brain tumours. Such tumours account for less than 1% of all surgically treated schwannomas. Only 79 cases have been reported in the literature.

Primary lumbar epidural abscess without spondylodiscitis caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum diagnosed by 16S rRNA PCR.

We report the case of a 71-year-old woman who presented a primary spinal epidural abscess caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. This is the second report in the medical literature to associate this organism with a primary spinal epidural abscess without spondylodiscitis. After treatment with emergency laminectomy followed by 8 weeks of antibiotic treatment the patient was cured.

The R453Q and D151A polymorphisms of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (H6PD) influence the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity.

Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) influences 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, a key enzyme in the peripheral metabolism of cortisol that modulates insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue. To study the associations of R453Q and D151A polymorphisms in the H6PDH gene (H6PD) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their influence on clinical and metabolic variables, we genotyped 237 patients with PCOS and 135 control women for the R453Q (rs6688832) and D151A (rs34603401) variants in H6PD. The R453Q genotypes were distributed differently in patients and controls (χ(2)=9.

Impact of the storage temperature on human plasma proteomic analysis: implications for the use of human plasma collections in research.

Purpose: To analyze the impact of storage temperature on the 2D-DIGE profile of human plasma.

Experimental Design: 2D-DIGE and MS were used to identify the differences in the proteomic profiles of aliquots of eight human plasma samples stored at either - 30 or - 80°C for 18 months.

Results: After the depletion of albumin and IgG, 2D-DIGE identified four spots significantly and reproducibly increased, and five spots that were decreased, in samples stored at - 30°C compared with those stored at - 80°C.

Proteomic analysis of plasma in the polycystic ovary syndrome identifies novel markers involved in iron metabolism, acute-phase response, and inflammation.

Context: Hypothesis-free approaches such as proteomic analysis may identify novel biomarkers for disease.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the plasma proteome of patients presenting with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with that of women without hyperandrogenism.

Design: This was a case-control study.

Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in secondary hyperparathyroidism after Scopinaro's biliopancreatic diversion.

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a frequent metabolic complication of bariatric surgery. Individual differences in calcium absorption determine chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism after biliopancreatic diversion in half of the patients who have normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. We aimed to evaluate if certain vitamin D receptor polymorphisms may be responsible for the latter.

The role of genetic variation in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): an original case-control study followed by systematic review and meta-analysis of existing evidence.

Objective: To study the association of polymorphisms in the genes encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Case-control study and meta-analysis of published evidence.

Patients: One hundred and sixty-one polycystic ovary syndrome patients and 113 non-hyperandrogenic women.