Timing of diffusion tensor imaging in the management of a ruptured pediatric arteriovenous malformation: illustrative case.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can characterize eloquent white matter tracts affected by brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, DTI interpretation can be difficult in ruptured cases due to the presence of blood products. The authors present the case of a ruptured pediatric AVM in the corticospinal tract (CST) and discuss how DTI at different time points informed the treatment.

Strangulated Sliding Inguinoscrotal Hernia with a Gangrenous Bladder and Ileum.

An inguinal bladder hernia (IBH) is a common ailment in males above 50 years of age, with serious consequences of strangulation, if neglected. It is highly uncommon to have a strangulated inguinal hernia and bladder gangrene. This case reports a strangulated sliding inguinoscrotal hernia with a gangrenous bladder and ileum.

Giant Cell Hepatitis in Copper Toxicosis.

Cholestatic jaundice in new born and infants results from biliary obstruction or hepatocellular dysfunction. Biliary atresia (BA) and Idiopathic neonatal hepatitis comprises the major aetiology. Cholestasis due to toxins is rare in infants.

Spin reorientation in antiferromagnetic DyFeCoO double perovskite.

We explored the electronic and magnetic properties of the lanthanide double perovskite DyFeCoO by combining magnetization, Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron diffraction along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our magnetization measurements revealed two magnetic phase transitions in DyFeCoO. First, a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition at T = 248 K and subsequently, a spin reorientation transition at T = 86 K.

A novel nonlinear sliding mode controller for a single stage grid-connected photovoltaic system.

A nonlinear sliding mode controller is proposed for a single stage grid-connected photovoltaic system with a novel nonlinear sliding surface. The proposed controller is designed to ensure maximum power extraction with unity power factor. There are two main advantages of the proposed sliding surface.

COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response.

Since the outbreak and rapid spread of COVID-19 starting late December 2019, it has been apparent that disease prognosis has largely been influenced by multiorgan involvement. Comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases have been the most common risk factors for severity and mortality. The hyperinflammatory response of the body, coupled with the plausible direct effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome on body-wide organs via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, has been associated with complications of the disease.

Internal mammary artery: the primary conduit for surgical revascularization.

Internal mammary artery, by far, is the gold standard and first conduit for surgical revascularization especially when it comes to bypassing a lesion in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Several factors behind using this artery have been established, including but not limited to, the anatomical location, the course and flow, the elastic nature of the artery as well as the physiological characteristics that make this conduit to yield excellent long-term patency rates. This review aims to thoroughly examine current literature and establish the facts behind using this conduit in our daily surgical revascularization practice.

Computational and Pharmacogenomic Insights on Hypertension Treatment: Rational Drug Design and Optimization Strategies.

Background: Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular complication caused by genetic and nongenetic factors. Blood pressure (BP) management is difficult because most patients become resistant to monotherapy soon after treatment initiation. Although many antihypertensive drugs are available, some patients do not respond to multiple drugs.

Spin reorientation and disordered rare earth magnetism in HoFeCoO.

We report the experimental observation of spin reorientation in the double perovskite HoFeCoO. The magnetic phase transitions in this compound are characterized and studied through magnetization and specific heat, and the magnetic structures are elucidated through neutron powder diffraction. Two magnetic phase transitions are observed in this compound-one at [Formula: see text] K, from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic, and the other at [Formula: see text] K, from a phase with mixed magnetic structures to a single phase through a spin reorientation process.

Incidentally Detected Elevated Liver Enzymes: From Liver to Muscle.

We describe 8 children - with incidentally detected isolated elevation of liver enzymes aspartate aminotansferase and alanine aminotransferase - who were extensively evaluated for hepatic causes before finally being diagnosed to have muscular dystrophy. Serum creatinine phosphokinase levels, if performed early during the work-up, may help in diagnosis of muscle disease and avoid unnecessary investigations for liver disease.

Magnetic glass state and magnetoresistance in SrLaFeCoO double perovskite.

Unusual features in magnetization resembling the kinetic arrest of a magnetic glass state are observed in the La-doped double perovskite, SrLaFeCoO. Neutron powder diffraction experiments confirm the presence of antisite disorder as well as a lack of long-range magnetic order down to 4 K in this double perovskite which displays spin glass-like features in dc and ac susceptibilities. Magnetic relaxation observed through cooling and heating under unequal fields (CHUF) point towards unusual domain dynamics which is supported by a broad memory effect.

Identifying preoperative language tracts and predicting postoperative functional recovery using HARDI q-ball fiber tractography in patients with gliomas.

OBJECT Diffusion MRI has uniquely enabled in vivo delineation of white matter tracts, which has been applied to the segmentation of eloquent pathways for intraoperative mapping. The last decade has also seen the development from earlier diffusion tensor models to higher-order models, which take advantage of high angular resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (HARDI) techniques. However, these advanced methods have not been widely implemented for routine preoperative and intraoperative mapping.

Long term follow-up study to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of a single dose of live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine in children.

Worldwide, viral hepatitis continues to be a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality. Mass immunization with a single dose of live attenuated HAV has been shown to significantly reduce disease burden in the community. This was a phase IV, 5-year follow up study carried out at 4 centers (Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai) across India.

Graphene-based engine oil nanofluids for tribological applications.

Ultrathin graphene (UG) has been prepared by exfoliation of graphite oxide by a novel technique based on focused solar radiation. Graphene based engine oil nanofluids have been prepared and their frictional characteristics (FC), antiwear (AW), and extreme pressure (EP) properties have been evaluated. The improvement in FC, AW, and EP properties of nanofluids is respectively by 80, 33, and 40% compared with base oil.

Inorganic nanotubes reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride composites as low-cost electromagnetic interference shielding materials.

Novel polymer nanocomposites comprising of MnO2 nanotubes (MNTs), functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were synthesized. Homogeneous distribution of f-MWCNTs and MNTs in PVDF matrix were confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Electrical conductivity measurements were performed on these polymer composites using four probe technique.

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of nanocrystalline Pr(1-x)A(x)Mn(1-y)Co(y)O3 (A = Ca, Sr) (x = 0.3; y = 0.5) manganites.

Structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of sol-gel prepared, nanocrystalline oxides Pr(1-x)A(x)Mn(1-y)Co(y)O3 (A = Ca, Sr) (x = 0.3; y = 0.5) (cubic, space group Fm3m) have been studied.

Magnetic behaviour in Dy(1-x)Mm(x)Co2 compounds.

The magnetic behaviour in Dy(1-x)Mm(x)Co(2) (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.

Ionic Transport Properties in Nanocrystalline Ce0.8A0.2O2-δ (with A = Eu, Gd, Dy, and Ho) Materials.

The ionic transport properties of nanocrystalline 20 mol% Eu, Gd, Dy, and Ho doped cerias, with average grain size of around 14 nm were studied by correlating electrical, dielectric properties, and various dynamic parameters. Gd-doped nanocrystalline ceria shows higher value of conductivity (i.e.

Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine: a multicentric study.

Objective: To evaluate immunogenicity and tolerability of single dose live attenuated injectable hepatitis A vaccine in four metropolitan cities of India.

Methods: Live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine was administered to 505 children aged 18 to 60 months in four centers across India. Immunogenicity of the vaccine was assessed by estimation of anti-HAV antibody titer at 6 weeks and 6 months following administration of the vaccine.

Chemoenzymatically synthesized multimeric Tn/STn MUC1 glycopeptides elicit cancer-specific anti-MUC1 antibody responses and override tolerance.

The MUC1 mucin represents a prime target antigen for cancer immunotherapy because it is abundantly expressed and aberrantly glycosylated in carcinomas. Attempts to generate strong humoral immunity to MUC1 by immunization with peptides have generally failed partly because of tolerance. In this study, we have developed chemoenzymatic synthesis of extended MUC1 TR glycopeptides with cancer-associated O-glycosylation using a panel of recombinant human glycosyltransferases.

Management of acute diarrhoea in children.

Acute diarrhoeal disease is one of the major killers in children in the developing countries. A management protocol consisting of "Triple A" (assessment, analysis of clinical presentation and action plan protocol) approach has been found to be rewarding in our set-up. The matter has been dealt with by the authors in this article in its proper perspective.