ISSR markers endorsed genetically stable plants regeneration of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) through indirect organogenesis using different explants.

Background: Various parts of neem (Azadirachta indica) have high demand in several industries. However, the inadequate supply of sources hampers the commercialization of different neem products. In this scenario, the current research was undertaken to produce genetically stable plants through indirect organogenesis.

A standardized protocol for genetically stable artificial seed production of Ficus religiosa L. using ISSR fingerprinting.

Ficus religiosa LQuery. has several ornamental, medicinal, and economical applications. The in vivo propagation of this species has shown various limitations.

The art and science of selecting appropriate dressings for acute open wounds in general practice.

Background: Acute open wounds constitute a significant part of general practice. With an expanding global market of dressing products, selection of wound dressings remains an area of concern among doctors entering general practice.

Objective: The aim of this article is to describe a practical guide for choosing appropriate dressings when treating acute open wounds in general practice.

Clonal fidelity investigation of micropropagated hardened plants of jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) with RAPD markers.

Background: Artocarpus heterophyllus is an important tropical agroforestry species that bears multiple applications. However, the population of this species is reduced due to various anthropogenic activities. For this reason, in vitro approach is needed to propagate or conserve this species as in vivo propagation methods face various obstacles.

Sex-related Differences of L. with a View to Defence and Growth.

is a dioecious mangrove species, reported to have various medicinal properties. This study compares the gender-related biological activities between the sexes of in accordance with morpho-biochemical parameters which indicate their fitness over various environmental stresses as well as some information about the investment of their resources over defence and growth. For this investigation, mature sun leaves of were collected from each sex from three different ecological regions like Bokkhali, Jharkhali, and Kolkata, West Bengal.

Inguinal hernia repair: a global perspective.

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed worldwide with most of the burden of these occurring in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs). There has been much research investigating the most effective method of hernia repair in resource-rich countries, however very little has been done to determine the most cost-beneficial method of hernia repair in LMICs.

Methods: A systematic review of the English literature through PubMed and Scopus was conducted according to the PRISMA statement.

Assessment of genetic divergence through cluster analysis of chilli varieties.

Our study on genetic diversity was conducted with six chilli genotypes with inter- and intra-specific cross varieties of the three most popular chilli species ( L., Jacq., L.

A pragmatic approach to effective anatomy teaching and learning to medical students: a ten-year experience using evidence-based principles.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Teaching and learning of anatomy for medical students have been extensively studied.

Enhancing pathology learning for medical students - via blended learning by clinicians.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Assessing the feasibility and benefits of supplementary pathology teaching by a clinician to improve students' understanding of the pathological process and its relationship with clinical symptoms and signs during their clinical rotations.

Evaluating a low-fidelity inguinal canal model.

Purpose: The inguinal canal anatomy is of paramount clinical significance due to the common occurrence of direct and indirect inguinal hernias. However, the inguinal canal is often an area of great difficulty for medical students to understand. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a low-cost, low-fidelity inguinal canal model as a teaching and learning aid.

Infiltrating the Curriculum: Integrating Medical History with Existing Surgical Pathology Tutorials.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. To assess medical students' perspective on medical history embedded into a pre-existing learning module.

Management of post-surgical wounds in general practice.

Background: The availability of complex wound dressings following progressive innovations, increasing demand for hospital beds and the early discharge of post-operative patients have shifted the sharing of care of such patients from hospital specialists to general practitioners (GPs). Although several published guidelines on the management of chronic wounds exist, there is a lack of similar material addressing the assessment and management of post-surgical wounds.

Objective: The aim of this article is to provide a practical guideline for identifying early complications of post-surgical wounds and managing patients with complex wound dressing systems such as vacuum-assisted closure.

Barriers and enablers to patient recruitment for randomised controlled trials on treatment of chronic wounds: A systematic review.

Randomised controlled trials represent the gold standard in intervention efficacy evaluation. However, suboptimal recruitment affects completion and the power of a therapeutic trial in detecting treatment differences. We conducted a systematic review to examine the barriers and enablers to patient recruitment for randomised controlled trials on chronic wound treatment.

Anatomical variations of the renal arterial vasculature: An Australian perspective.

Introduction: Variations of the renal arteries have been studied and published across various population groups, but similar information for the ethnically diverse nation of Australia is lacking. This study describes the pattern of renal artery anomalies in a section of the Australian population based on computed tomography (CT) angiograms of the abdomen and cadaveric dissection.

Methods: The renal arterial vasculature of 594 kidneys from 300 subjects (28 cadavers, 272 CT) was studied.

Aspirin in venous leg ulcer study (ASPiVLU): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Venous leg ulceration is a common and costly problem that is expected to worsen as the population ages. Current treatment is compression therapy; however, up to 50 % of ulcers remain unhealed after 2 years, and ulcer recurrence is common. New treatments are needed to address those wounds that are more challenging to heal.

Medical student preferences for self-directed study resources in gross anatomy.

Gross anatomy instruction in medical curricula involve a range of resources and activities including dissection, prosected specimens, anatomical models, radiological images, surface anatomy, textbooks, atlases, and computer-assisted learning (CAL). These resources and activities are underpinned by the expectation that students will actively engage in self-directed study (SDS) to enhance their knowledge and understanding of anatomy. To gain insight into preclinical versus clinical medical students' preferences for SDS resources for learning gross anatomy, and whether these vary on demographic characteristics and attitudes toward anatomy, students were surveyed at two Australian medical schools, one undergraduate-entry and the other graduate-entry.

Management of venous leg ulcers in general practice - a practical guideline.

Background: Chronic venous leg ulcers are the most common wounds seen in general practice. Their management can be both challenging and time-consuming.

Objective: To produce a short practical guideline incorporating the TIME concept and A2BC2D approach to help general practitioners and their practice nurses in delivering evidence-based initial care to patients with chronic venous leg ulcers.

Plain abdominal radiography in acute abdominal pain--is it really necessary?

The aims of this study are to audit the ordering of abdominal radiographs (AXR) in the emergency department (ED) and evaluate the current practices, knowledge and attitudes of emergency physicians with regard to ordering AXRs in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain. A retrospective study was undertaken at an ED of a tertiary hospital in Tasmania using clinical notes on patient presenting with acute abdominal pain who underwent an AXR. The study also included a short questionnaire, which assessed emergency physicians' knowledge of current imaging guidelines and clinical practice when ordering an AXR.

Interns' Day in Surgery: improving intern performance through a simulation-based course for final year medical students.

Background: The transition from final year medical student into the first year of clinical practice is known to be associated with anxiety and stress that ultimately affects job performance. Studies have shown that much of this stress and anxiety results from a junior doctor's lack of confidence in performing a number of basic tasks. We investigated if implementation of a half-day simulation-based course in the final year medical students results in increased confidence in performing these tasks.

Simulation based education - models for teaching surgical skills in general practice.

Background: Simulation based education is an accepted method of teaching procedural skills in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. There is an increasing need for developing authentic simulation models for use in general practice training.

Objective: This article describes the preparation of three simulation models to teach general practice registrars basic surgical skills, including excision of a sebaceous cyst and debridement and escharectomy of chronic wounds.