Evaluation of microplastic pollution and risk assessment in a tropical monsoonal estuary, with special emphasis on contamination in jellyfish.

Estuaries, which serve as vital links between land and coastal ecosystems, play a significant part in facilitating the transfer of plastic waste from the land to the ocean. In this research, we examined the prevalence, characteristics, and ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) in the extensively urbanized Cochin Estuarine System (CES), India. Additionally, it represents one of the initial evidence-based examinations of MPs ingestion by jellyfish in Indian waters, focusing on Acromitus flagellatus, Blackfordia virginica, and Pleurobrachia pileus species.

Asymptomatic giant hiatal hernia with double heart shadow.

Giant hiatal hernias are rare, accounting for 0.3% of all hiatal hernias. We report a case of giant hiatal hernia in an elderly male diagnosed incidentally on evaluation of polytrauma.

Four-decade-old benign tracheomediastinal fistula.

A 70-year-old male with a nagging cough of 40-year duration was evaluated and found to have a tracheomediastinal fistula. He gave history of rigid bronchoscopy 40 years back. He underwent successful resection of the fistula and was fully relieved of his symptom.

Combined approach for a left pneumonectomy and carinal reconstruction.

Tumor involving the carina is a real challenge to thoracic surgeons due to the complexity of airway reconstruction and management. Carinal resection is a safe procedure in highly selected patients with acceptable morbidity and mortality and good long-term survival. A 32-year-old lady with adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the left main bronchus underwent carinal pneumonectomy using a combined thoracotomy and midline sternotomy approach without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Tyramide signal amplification coupled with multiple immunolabeling and RNAScope in situ hybridization in formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded human fetal brain.

Several strategies have been recently introduced to improve the practicality of multiple immunolabeling and RNA in situ hybridization protocols. Tyramide signal amplification (TSA) is a powerful method used to improve the detection sensitivity of immunohistochemistry. RNAScope is a novel commercially available in situ hybridization assay for the detection of RNA expression.

Marine microbial enzymes for the production of algal oligosaccharides and its bioactive potential for application as nutritional supplements.

Marine macroalgae have a very high carbohydrate content due to complex algal polysaccharides (APS) like agar, alginate, and ulvan in their cell wall. Despite numerous reports on their biomedical properties, their hydrocolloid nature limits their applications. Algal oligosaccharides (AOS), which are hydrolyzed forms of complex APS, are gaining importance due to their low molecular weight, biocompatibility, bioactivities, safety, and solubility in water that makes it a lucrative alternative.

Injections and infections: understanding syringe service program utilization in a rural state.

Background: Increasing rates of injection drug use (IDU) associated-infections suggest significant syringe service program (SSP) underutilization. Our study objective was to assess practices of safe injection techniques and to determine predictors of SSP utilization in a rural state.

Patients And Methods: This was a fifteen-month cross-sectional study of participants hospitalized with IDU-associated infections in Maine.

Infective Endocarditis During the Infectious Diseases and Substance Use Disorder Syndemic: A Six-Year Case Series.

Treatment for infective endocarditis (IE) has not been extensively studied in the setting of rising injection drug use. There were 12 cases of IE at the Maine Medical Center between 2013 and 2018. The patient characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.

In-stent restenosis: surgical and histopathological perspective.

Background In-stent restenosis has been recognized as a distinct clinical entity that warrants a repeat procedure either in the form of percutaneous reintervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. Multivessel grafting with endarterectomy and explantation of the stent is rarely performed, with few cases reported in the literature. We aim to study the pathomorphology of the stent-vascular interface in coronary vessels undergoing in-stent restenosis.

MitraClip and mitral annuloplasty device as a bridge to transplantation.

A 42-year-old man with dilated cardiomyopathy and endstage heart failure was evaluated for heart transplantation. He received a MitraClip and Carillon annuloplasty device for functional mitral regurgitation as palliation for his heart failure. Subsequently, he underwent successful heart transplantation.

Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor: Incidence, Prevalence, Patient Characteristics, and Recurrence. A Registry-based Cohort Study in Denmark.

Objective: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare benign proliferative and inflammatory disease arising from synovia of joints, bursae, or tendon sheaths. We aimed to estimate incidence rate and prevalence of TGCT in Denmark, to describe patient characteristics and treatment modalities among patients with TGCT, and to estimate risk of TGCT recurrence.

Methods: Using registry data on pathology examinations and inpatient and outpatient hospital diagnoses, we identified adult patients with diagnoses of diffuse TGCT (D-TGCT) or localized TGCT (L-TGCT) between 1997 and 2012, followed through 2012.

Intralobar sequestration with situs inversus totalis.

Pulmonary sequestration is a relatively rare congenital lesion of the lung. The occurrence of intralobar pulmonary sequestration coincidentally with situs inversus totalis is an interesting combination. We report a case of intralobar sequestration with situs inversus totalis a 30-year-old lady, which was treated successfully in our institution.

Calcineurin-NFATc regulates type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R2) expression during cardiac remodeling.

In heart, the type 2 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (InsP3R2) is the predominant isoform expressed and is localized in the nuclear membrane of ventricular myocytes. InsP3R2-mediated Ca(2+) release regulates hypertrophy specific gene expression by modulating CaMKIIδ, histone deacetylase, and calcineurin-NFATc signaling pathways. InsP3R2 protein is a hypertrophy specific marker and is overexpressed in heart failure animal models and in humans.

First Report of Fusarium proliferatum Causing Rot of Garlic Bulbs (Allium sativum) in India.

In September 2009, diseased garlic bulbs (Allium sativum L. cv. Yamuna Safed) were received from producers and exporters in Hyderabad, Andra Pradesh, India.

First Report of Leaf Blight of Basella alba Caused by Alternaria alternata in India.

Basella alba is a perennial plant of the Basellaceae, native to India, and is distributed widely in the tropics as an ornamental. It is also known as Indian spinach, Ceylon spinach, vine spinach, Malabar spinach or Malabar nightshade and is mostly cultivated as a leafy vegetable or spinach substitute, being rich in vitamin A and C. From 2008 to 2010, severe foliar disease was observed on B.

All trans retinoic acid nanodisks enhance retinoic acid receptor mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32), aggressive clinical behaviour, and poor patient outcomes following conventional chemotherapy. New treatment approaches are needed that target novel biological pathways. All trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a key retinoid that acts through nuclear receptors that function as ligand-inducible transcription factors.