Designing high-performance asymmetric and hybrid energy devices via merging supercapacitive/pseudopcapacitive and Li-ion battery type electrodes.

We report a strategic development of asymmetric (supercapacitive-pseudocapacitive) and hybrid (supercapacitive/pseudocapacitive-battery) energy device architectures as generation-II electrochemical energy systems. We derived performance-potential estimation regarding the specific power, specific energy, and fast charge-discharge cyclic capability. Among the conceived group, pseudocapacitor-battery hybrid device is constructed with a high-rate intrinsic asymmetric pseudocapacitive (α - MnO/rGO) and a high-capacity Li-ion intercalation battery type (po-nSi/rGO) electrodes.

Discovery of gallic acid-based mitochondriotropic antioxidant attenuates LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

Mitochondria are complex organelle that plays a pivotal role in energy metabolism, regulation of stress responses, and also serve as a major hub for biosynthetic processes. In addition to their well-established function in cellular energetics, it also serves as the primary site for the origin of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which function as signaling molecules and can lead to oxidative stress when generated in excess. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the leading cause of neuroinflammation.

Logic "AND Gate Circuit" Based Mussel Inspired Polydopamine Nanocomposite as Bioactive Antioxidant for Management of Oxidative Stress and Neurogenesis in Traumatic Brain Injury.

In the intricate landscape of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the management of TBI remains a challenging task due to the extremely complex pathophysiological conditions and excessive release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the injury site and the limited regenerative capacities of the central nervous system (CNS). Existing pharmaceutical interventions are limited in their ability to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and expeditiously target areas of brain inflammation. In response to these challenges herein, we designed novel mussel inspired polydopamine (PDA)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PDA-AMSNs) with excellent antioxidative ability to deliver a new potential therapeutic GSK-3β inhibitor lead small molecule abbreviated as Neuro Chemical Modulator (NCM) at the TBI site using a neuroprotective peptide hydrogel (PANAP).

Hydrophobic C-Terminal Peptide Analog Aβ Protects the Neurons from Aβ-Induced Toxicity.

Spontaneous aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) leads to the formation of neurotoxic senile plaque considered as the most crucial event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Inhibition or disruption of this deadly aggregate formation is one of the most efficient strategies for the development of potential therapeutics, and extensive research is in progress by various research groups. In this direction, the development of a peptide analogous to that of the native Aβ peptide is an attractive strategy.

Molecular mechanism of cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson's disease: A stroke perspective.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurological illness that causes several motor and non-motor symptoms, most characteristically limb tremors and bradykinesia. PD is a slowly worsening disease that arises due to progressive neurodegeneration of specific areas of the brain, especially the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Even though PD has continuously been linked to a higher mortality risk in numerous epidemiologic studies, there have been significant discoveries regarding the connection between PD and stroke.

Dataset of optical and electronic properties for MoS-graphene vertical heterostructures and MoS-graphene-Au heterointerfaces.

The computational and experimental data presented in this paper refer to the research article "First-Principles Calculations Integrated with Experimental Optical and Electronic Properties for MoS-graphene Heterostructures and MoS-graphene-Au Heterointerfaces". The computational data includes structural information, electronic and optical properties, and data to calculate the work functions for various molybdenum disulfide and graphene heterostructures and their heterointerfaces with gold. The optical properties calculations include the frequency-dependent dielectric function, the refractive index, the reflectivity, the extinction coefficient, and the energy loss function.

Development of Tetrapod Zinc Oxide-Based UV Sensor for Precision Livestock Farming and Productivity.

In order to ensure the health and welfare of livestock, there has been an emphasis on precision farming of ruminant animals. Monitoring the life index of ruminant animals is of importance for intelligent farming. Here, a wearable sensor for monitoring ultraviolet (UV) radiation is demonstrated to understand the effect of primary and secondary photosensitization on dairy animals.

Computational data of molybdenum disulfide/graphene bilayer heterojunction under strain.

The data presented in this paper refer to the research article "Dry and Hydrated Defective Molybdenum Disulfide/Graphene Bilayer Heterojunction Under Strain for Hydrogen Evolution from Water Splitting: A First-principle Study". Here, we present the Density Functional Theory (DFT) data used to generate optimal geometries and electronic structure for the MoS/graphene heterostructure under strain, for dry and hydrated pristine and defect configurations. We also report DFT data used to obtain hydrogen Gibbs free energies for adsorption on the MoS monolayer and on graphene of the heterostructure.

Electrochemically Desulfurized Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS₂) and Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel Composites as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution.

Recent developments in graphene related materials including molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is gaining popularity as efficient and cost-effective nanoscale electrocatalyst essential for hydrogen production. These "clean" energy technologies require delicate control over geometric, morphological, chemical and electronic structure affecting physical and electrochemical catalytic properties. In this work, we prepared three-dimensional hierarchical mesoporous aerogels consisting of two-dimensional functionalized graphene and MoS₂ nanosheets of varying ratio of components under hydrothermal-solvothermal conditions ( <20 bar, <200 °C).

Salt-Assisted Ultrasonicated De-Aggregation and Advanced Redox Electrochemistry of Detonation Nanodiamond.

Nanodiamond particles form agglomerates in the dry powder state and this poses limitation to the accessibility of their diamond-like core thus dramatically impacting their technological advancement. In this work, we report de-agglomeration of nanodiamond (ND) by using a facile technique namely, salt-assisted ultrasonic de-agglomeration (SAUD). Utilizing ultrasound energy and ionic salts (sodium chloride and sodium acetate), SAUD is expected to break apart thermally treated nanodiamond aggregates (~50-100 nm) and produce an aqueous slurry of de-aggregated stable colloidal nanodiamond dispersions by virtue of ionic interactions and electrostatic stabilization.

Graphene Quantum Dots Electrochemistry and Sensitive Electrocatalytic Glucose Sensor Development.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), derived from functionalized graphene precursors are graphene sheets a few nanometers in the lateral dimension having a several-layer thickness. They are zero-dimensional materials with quantum confinement and edge site effects. Intense research interest in GQDs is attributed to their unique physicochemical phenomena arising from the sp²-bonded carbon nanocore surrounded with edged plane functional moieties.

Vanadium Pentoxide Nanobelt-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheet Composites as High-Performance Pseudocapacitive Electrodes: ac Impedance Spectroscopy Data Modeling and Theoretical Calculations.

Graphene nanosheets and graphene nanoribbons, G combined with vanadium pentoxide (VO) nanobelts (VNBs) and VNBs forming GVNB composites with varying compositions were synthesized via a one-step low temperature facile hydrothermal decomposition method as high-performance electrochemical pseudocapacitive electrodes. VNBs from vanadium pentoxides (VO) are formed in the presence of graphene oxide (GO), a mild oxidant, which transforms into reduced GO (rGO), assisting in enhancing the electronic conductivity coupled with the mechanical robustness of VNBs. From electron microscopy, surface sensitive spectroscopy and other complementary structural characterization, hydrothermally-produced rGO nanosheets/nanoribbons are decorated with and inserted within the VNBs' layered crystal structure, which further confirmed the enhanced electronic conductivity of VNBs.

Electrostatic Layer-By-Layer Self-Assembled Graphene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Multilayers as Efficient 'All Carbon' Supercapacitors.

In this work, covalently bonded graphene/carbon nanotube (Gr/CNT) conjoined materials are fabricated as engineered three-dimensional hybrid multilayer supercapacitors for high-performance integrated electrochemical energy storage. Stable aqueous dispersion of polymer-modified graphene sheets are prepared in the presence of cationic poly(ethyleneimine), PEI (PEI-Gr) for sequential or electrostatic layer-by-layer (E-LBL) self-assembly with negatively charged acid-oxidized or functionalized multi-walled CNT (fMWCNT), forming (PEI-Gr/fMWCNT)n architecture as "all carbon" super-capacitor, where n = 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 15. These films possess an interconnected network of mesoporous nanocarbon structure with well-defined interfaces allowing sufficient surface adsorption and faster ion transport due to short diffusion distances.

Conducting Polymer Nanostructures and Nanocomposites with Carbon Nanotubes: Hierarchical Assembly by Molecular Electrochemistry, Growth Aspects and Property Characterization.

Conducting (or π-conjugated) polymers are promising materials for preparing supramolecular nano-structures and nanocomposites. We report controlled nanostructure syntheses of polypyrrole (PPy) and poylaniline (PANi) via electropolymerization (i.e.

High-temperature annealing effects on multiwalled carbon nanotubes: electronic structure, field emission and magnetic behaviors.

This work elucidates the effects of high-temperature annealing on the microscopic and electronic structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and valence-band photoemission spectroscopy (VBPES), respectively. The field emission and magnetization behaviors are also presented. The results of annealing are as follows: (1) MWCNTs tend to align in the form of small fringes along their length, promote graphitization and be stable in air, (2) XANES indicates an enhancement in oxygen content on the sample, implying that it can be adopted for sensing and storing oxygen gas, (3) the electron field emission current density (J) is enhanced and the turn-on electric field (E(TOE)) reduced, suggesting potential use in field emission displays and as electron sources in microwave tube amplifiers and (4) as-grown MWCNTs with embedded iron nanoparticles exhibits significantly higher coercivity approximately 750 Oe than its bulk counterpart (Fe(bulk) approximately 0.

Magnetron sputtered diamond-like carbon microelectrodes for on-chip measurement of quantal catecholamine release from cells.

Carbon electrodes are widely used in electrochemistry due to their low cost, wide potential window, and low and stable background noise. Carbon-fiber electrodes (CFE) are commonly used to electrochemically measure "quantal" catecholamine release via exocytosis from individual cells, but it is difficult to integrate CFEs into lab-on-a-chip devices. Here we report the development of nitrogen doped diamond-like carbon (DLC:N) microelectrodes on a chip to monitor quantal release of catecholamines from cells.