Genome-wide association mapping for seedling and adult resistance to powdery mildew in barley.

Two new major QTL were identified for powdery mildew resistance. We confirmed that the QTL on 7HS contributed mainly to the adult-plant resistance, while another one on chromosome arm 1HS made a significant contribution to the seedling resistance. Powdery mildew (PM), caused by Blumeria hordei, can occur at all post emergent stages of barley and constantly threatens crop production.

Major Susceptibility Gene Epistasis over Minor Gene Resistance to Spot Form Net Blotch in a Commercial Barley Cultivar.

Spot form net blotch, caused by f. , is a significant global disease of barley (). Baudin, a barley cultivar that was until recently extensively grown in Western Australia, was reported as having minor seedling resistance.

Efficacy and safety analysis of intravitreal bio-similar products of bevacizumab in patients with macular edema because of retinal diseases.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and safety profile of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab bio-similar product Zybev(Z) for macular edema because of retinal diseases.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with macular edema because of retinal diseases, who had been administered intravitreal injections of bio-similar bevacizumab at a tertiary eye care center. Changes in the retinal thickness and visual acuity were evaluated to judge the efficacy, and adverse events were noted for the safety profile over a period of 6 weeks.

Functional Transnasal Endoscopic Conjunctivorhinostomy.

The various surgical options for lacrimal tract reconstruction include canaliculodacryocystorhinostomy; fundal transposition; Conjunctivodacrocystorhinostomy with Jones tube; and in extreme cases conjunctivo-rhinostomy (CR) for total lacrimal bypass. The first three require partial lacrimal tract presence/ integrity while CR is indicated when the canaliculi and/or sac are nonfunctional. This report describes a novel technique of minimally invasive CR through a predominantly endoscopic endonasal approach and further discusses its advantages over other established techniques.

Corneal endothelial changes following cataract surgery in hard nuclear cataract: Randomized trial comparing phacoemulsification to manual small-incision cataract surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare endothelial cell changes in phacoemulsification and manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in patients with uncomplicated senile cataracts.

Methods: This Was A Prospective: , tertiary care hospital-based, randomized, double-blinded interventional study. In total, 152 patients with an uncomplicated senile cataract of nuclear grade III and above were recruited.

Long term outcomes of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma treated with radiotherapy: A multi-center retrospective cohort study.

Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare disease. Radiotherapy remains an important definitive modality. We assessed the long term outcomes of patients with early stage gastric MALT marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) treated with definitive radiotherapy at three institutions in New South Wales, Australia.

Educational and Type of Day Differences in Mothers' Time Availability for Child Care and Housework.

Objective: The authors analyzed variation by education and type of day in the "time availability" association between U.S. mothers' paid work hours and housework and child care, types of work that vary by their urgency, affect, and symbolic meaning.

Clinical epidemiology of gallbladder cancer in North-Central India and association of immunological markers, NLR, MLR and PLR in the diagnostic/prognostic prediction of GBC.

Introduction: The incidence of Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) is found to be increasing in the rural populations of north-central India. Role of multiple demographic factors, including poor socio-economic conditions, illiteracy and miserable primary healthcare services appear to be significant factors for this increase. Here, we aim to assess the present status of GBC in north-central India and evaluate the role of immunological markers in its management.

Comparison between two intravitreal injection techniques with respect to fluid reflux, intraocular pressure, and therapeutic effect.

Context: Effect of fluid reflux on intraocular pressure (IOP) and therapeutic benefits.

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare two intravitreal injection techniques in terms of fluid reflux, short-term IOP changes, and therapeutic effect.

Settings And Design: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized interventional study.

Integrated genomic analysis reveals mutated ELF3 as a potential gallbladder cancer vaccine candidate.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy with no approved targeted therapy. Here, we analyze exomes (n = 160), transcriptomes (n = 115), and low pass whole genomes (n = 146) from 167 gallbladder cancers (GBCs) from patients in Korea, India and Chile. In addition, we also sequence samples from 39 GBC high-risk patients and detect evidence of early cancer-related genomic lesions.

Epigenetic downregulation of desmin in gall bladder cancer reveals its potential role in disease progression.

Background & Objectives: Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a fatal neoplasm, with a globally variable incidence rates. To improve the survival rate of patients, a newer set of biomarkers needs to be discovered for its early detection and better prognosis. Our earlier studies on GBC proteomics and whole-genome methylome data revealed expression of desmin to be significantly downregulated with correlated promoter hypermethylation during gall bladder carcinogenesis.

Fine mapping QSc.VR4, an effective and stable scald resistance locus in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), to a 0.38-Mb region enriched with LRR-RLK and GLP genes.

An effective and stable quantitative resistance locus, QSc.VR4, was fine mapped, characterized and physically anchored to the short arm of 4H, conferring adult plant resistance to the fungus Rhynchosporium commune in barley. Scald caused by Rhynchosporium commune is one of the most destructive barley diseases worldwide.

A case of isolated bilateral cataract following high-voltage electrical injury.

High voltage electric burns can cause various ocular injuries and may manifest in the form of conjunctival hyperemia, corneal opacities, uveitis, miosis, spasm of accommodation, cataract, retinal edema, papilledema, choroidal rupture, chorio-retinal necrosis/atrophy, retinal detachment and optic atrophy. The involvement of crystalline lens exclusively with sparing of other ocular structures is rare. We report a case of 16 year old male with bilateral total cataract after electrical injury by over-head high tension electric transmission cable accidentally falling on patient's head 6 months back.

Comparative clinical trial of intracameral ropivacaine vs. lignocaine in subjects undergoing phacoemulsification under augmented topical anesthesia.

Purpose: To compare intracameral Ropivacaine to Lignocaine during phacoemulsification under augmented topical anesthesia, in terms of efficacy and safety.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-masked clinical trial included subjects planned for phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for visually significant uncomplicated senile cataract, under augmented topical anesthesia. Cases were randomized into two groups, Group A (Ropivacaine 0.

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale.

Genomic regions on chromosome 5H containing a novel QTL conferring barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) tolerance in barley.

Barley yellow dwarf virus is a widespread disease affecting plant growth and yield in cereal crops including barley. Complete resistance to BYDV encoded by a single gene is lacking in barley. To identify novel resistance genes that can be further utilised in breeding for plant disease resistance, a doubled haploid population originated from a cultivated barley with a known resistance gene and a wild barley was constructed and assessed for barley yellow dwarf tolerance in three trials with two in Tasmania (TAS) and one in Western Australia (WA).

A locus on barley chromosome 5H affects adult plant resistance to powdery mildew.

Adult plant resistance against plant pathogens is of interest as a means to achieve durable resistance. Prior to this research, the barley lines CLE210 (from Uruguay) and Denar (from the Czech Republic) had been reported to exhibit adult-plant resistance against powdery mildew. Here, populations of doubled haploid lines from crosses of these lines with the susceptible cultivar Baudin were evaluated for powdery mildew resistance in field experiments.

Trojan horse anaesthesia: A novel method of anaesthesia for pars plana vitrectomy.

Context: Topical anesthesia has been used for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with limited patient comfort. Thus, augmenting topical anesthesia with intracameral anesthesia (Trojan horse anesthesia) will provide pain-free experience during PPV.

Aims: This study was undertaken to evaluate the patient comfort and surgical safety using 2% lignocaine jelly augmented with intracameral 1.

Outcomes and relapse patterns following chemotherapy in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma in the positron emission tomography era.

Background: This study evaluated relapse patterns and survival in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) with positron emission tomography (PET) used for staging and response assessment.

Patients And Methods: Patients aged 18 years or above with newly diagnosed histologically proven Stage III or IV HL treated with ABVD at Calvary Mater Newcastle from January 2005 to December 2012 were included in this study. All patients underwent pre-chemotherapy staging with F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET or PET/computed tomography and post-chemotherapy PET or PET/computed tomography for the assessment of response.

Takotsubo syndrome.

Takotsubo syndrome is a reversible acute heart failure frequently precipitated by an emotional or physical stress. The clinical presentation resembles acute coronary syndrome. Pathogenesis is complex and may involve brain-heart axis and neuro-hormonal stunning of the myocardium.

Outcome of extraocular retinoblastoma in a resource limited center from low middle income country.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common ocular malignancy in children, and is managed by multimodal treatment. There is a paucity of data regarding the clinical profile and outcome of children with extraocular retinoblastoma from Low Middle Income Countries (LMIC) including India. Case records of children with newly diagnosed extraocular RB from January 2013 to August 2016 treated at our unit were analysed for clinical profile, treatment, and outcome.

Telomere length variation and expression analysis of shelterin complex genes during gallbladder carcinogenesis.

Background: Telomeres, which are bound with shelterin protein complex, play an important role in maintaining genomic stability and its dysfunction may lead to carcinogenesis. Here, we aimed to analyze whether shelterin complex gene expression and telomere length variation, play any role in gallbladder carcinogenesis.

Methods: Telomere length analysis was carried out by monochrome multiplex qPCR, whereas expression analysis of shelterin genes was carried out using RT-qPCR.

Linezolid-induced optic neuropathy in XDR pulmonary TB: A case series.

Optic neuropathy has been reported as a side effect of long-term use of linezolid. This is particularly seen in cases of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) where treatment with linezolid may continue for about 24-30 months. We, hereby, report two cases of XDR-TB treated patients with a regimen containing linezolid who developed progressive painless loss of vision during the course of treatment.

Thrombolysis for Left-Sided Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Emergency valve replacement has long been the treatment of choice in left-sided prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT) for critically ill patients in NYHA classes III-IV. Thrombolytic therapy is recommended for NYHA class I/II patients with a small thrombotic burden. METHODS: The results of thrombolytic therapy to treat left-sided PVT (eight mitral, three aortic) with streptokinase (STK) in critically ill NYHA class III/IV patients were analyzed, where surgery was either refused due to financial constraints or by the surgical team.