Femoral Lengthening in Children-A Comparison Between Magnetic Intramedullary Lengthening Nails and External Fixators.

Background: Femoral lengthening can be achieved using external fixators or intramedullary lengthening nails. The purpose of this research was to compare the outcome of femoral lengthening in children using PRECICE magnetic lengthening nails with lengthening external fixators.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 50 children who had femoral lengthening.

Pelvic Support Hip Reconstruction with Internal Devices: An Alternative to Ilizarov Hip Reconstruction.

Aim And Objective: Ilizarov hip reconstruction (IHR) is a traditional method of salvaging chronic adolescent problem hips but faces practical problems from external fixators leading to reduced compliance. We present the same reconstruction utilising only internal devices with a modification in technique and aim to review early results.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated eight patients between 2014 and 2017 with chronic painful hips treated by a two-stage reconstruction; stage 1 included femoral head resection and pelvic support osteotomy using double plating, while stage 2 comprised distal femoral osteotomy avoiding varus followed by insertion of retrograde magnetic nail for postoperative lengthening.

Pelvic Support Hip Reconstruction with Internal Devices: An Alternative to Ilizarov Hip Reconstruction.

Aim And Objective: Ilizarov hip reconstruction (IHR) is a traditional method of salvaging chronic adolescent problem hips but faces practical issues from external fixators leading to reduced compliance. We present the same reconstruction procedure using only internal devices with a modification in the technique and review early results.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated eight patients between 2014 and 2017 with chronic painful hips treated by two-stage reconstruction; stage I included femoral head resection and pelvic support osteotomy using double plating, whereas stage II comprised distal femoral osteotomy avoiding varus followed by the insertion of a retrograde magnetic nail for postoperative lengthening.

Extra-articular deformity correction using Taylor spatial frame prior to total knee arthroplasty.

A good long-term outcome following a total knee arthroplasty relies on restoration of the mechanical axis and effective soft tissue balancing of the prosthetic knee. Arthroplasty surgery in patients with secondary osteoarthritis of the knee with an extra-articular tibial deformity is a complex and challenging procedure. The correction of mal-alignment of the mechanical axis is associated with unpredictable result and with higher revision rates.

Management of paediatric tibial fractures using two types of circular external fixator: Taylor spatial frame and Ilizarov circular fixator.

Background: The use of circular fixators for the treatment of tibial fractures is well established in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare the Ilizarov circular fixator (ICF) with the Taylor spatial frame (TSF) in terms of treatment results in consecutive patients with tibial fractures that required operative management.

Method: A retrospective analysis of patient records and radiographs was performed to obtain patient data, information on injury sustained, the operative technique used, time duration in frame, healing time and complications of treatment.

The oblique plane deformity in slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Background: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is commonly treated with in situ pinning. However, a severe slip may not be suitable for in situ pinning because the required screw trajectory is such that it risks perforating the posterior cortex and damaging the remaining blood supply to the capital epiphysis. In such cases, an anteriorly placed screw may also cause impingement.

Complications of Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing for treating paediatric long bone fractures.

This study reports the complications observed in children with long bone fractures treated using Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing (ESIN). One hundred and sixty-four (n = 164) fractures in 160 patients under the age of 16 years formed the basis of our review. This included 108 boys and 52 girls with the median age of 11 years and median follow up of 7.

Outcomes of hip arthroscopy. A prospective analysis and comparison between patients under 25 and over 25 years of age.

Objective: To compare the results of hip arthroscopy in patients under the age of 25 with those over 25 years.

Design: From March 2006 until May 2010, data were collected on all patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for symptomatic intra-articular hip pathology. The patients were divided into two groups based on age (less than 25 years and over 25 years).

Pelvic osteotomy techniques and comparative effects on biomechanics of the hip: a kinematic study.

Dysplasia of the hip is characterized by malpositioning of the proximal femur in a shallow acetabulum, providing deficient femoral head coverage. This abnormal relationship leads to altered biomechanics of the hip joint, as predicted by measurement of kinematic parameters such as increased load over reduced acetabular weight-bearing area, leading to increased joint contact stresses, which subsequently results in secondary osteoarthrosis, pain, and disability. To prevent these sequelae, particularly in children and younger adults, various osteotomies have been performed with varying degrees of success.

Ischial spine projection into the pelvis : a new sign for acetabular retroversion.

Femoroacetabular impingement may occur in patients with so-called acetabular retroversion, which is seen as the crossover sign on standard radiographs. We noticed when a crossover sign was present the ischial spine commonly projected into the pelvic cavity on an anteroposterior pelvic radiograph. To confirm this finding, we reviewed the anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of 1010 patients.

Accuracy of correction of tibia vara: acute versus gradual correction.

The purpose was to assess the accuracy of deformity correction achieved in patients with tibia vara using acute intraoperative correction compared with gradual postoperative correction. Acute correction (AC) group consisted of 14 patients (14 tibiae) with a mean age of 11.4 years and whose tibia vara was corrected acutely and held using an EBI external fixator.

Evaluation of an algorithmic approach to pediatric back pain.

Pediatric patients require a systematic approach to treating back pain that minimizes the number of diagnostic studies without missing specific diagnoses. This study reviews an algorithm for the evaluation of pediatric back pain and assesses critical factors in the history and physical examination that are predictive of specific diagnoses. Eighty-seven pediatric patients with thoracic and/or lumbar back pain were treated utilizing after this algorithm.

Anterior dislocation of the radial head with fractures of the olecranon and radial neck in a young child: a Monteggia equivalent fracture-dislocation variant.

We present a case of a type I Monteggia equivalent lesion in a 7-year-old child consisting of anterior dislocation of the radial head, radial neck fracture, and a fracture of the olecranon without an associated fracture of the ulnar diaphysis or metaphysis. After a review of the literature, we report this fracture pattern as a rare type I Monteggia equivalent fracture-dislocation variant. This report describes delayed surgical treatment and outcome after close follow-up of a rare type I Monteggia equivalent lesion.

Hinged distraction of the adolescent arthritic hip.

From 1996 to 2000, 11 adolescents with hip joint arthritis secondary to osteonecrosis or idiopathic chondrolysis were treated with articulated hinged distraction arthroplasty. Indications for surgery were severe pain and limited ambulation. Charts and radiographs were reviewed.

Genu valgum secondary to focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia of the distal femur.

We report a case of unilateral genu valgum secondary to focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FFCD) isolated in the posterolateral cortex of the distal femur. This case is the first incidence of a discrete fibrous band occurring in conjunction with a FFCD lesion in the distal posterolateral femur treated with excision of the tether and the overlying periosteum with curettage of the cortical focal fibrocartilaginous defect. Treatment was considered successful with gradual resolution of the 30 degrees valgus deformity over 24 months, and we avoided the necessity of corrective osteotomy and its associated risks.

Interobserver error in interpretation of the radiographs for degeneration of the lumbar spine.

We examined 114 segments in 23 patients' lumbar spine plain radiographs affected by disc degeneration. Two consultant orthopaedic surgeons, two consultant radiologists, and one spine nurse practitioner made independent observations on the radiographs. MRI scan films of the corresponding 114 segments were used as a gold standard.

Correction of tibia vara with six-axis deformity analysis and the Taylor Spatial Frame.

Operative correction for infantile and adolescent tibia vara has been described using both external and internal fixation. Gradual correction using a circular fixator offers the advantage of accurate coronal, sagittal, and axial plane correction without significant soft tissue dissection. This study evaluated the use of six-axis deformity analysis and the Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) for the correction of tibia vara.