Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Bilateral Symmetrical Superior Oblique Nasal Tenotomy in Patients of Large A-Pattern Exotropia.

Purpose: To report the long-term outcomes of bilateral symmetrical superior oblique (SO) nasal tenotomy in patients with large A-pattern exotropia (≥25 prism diopter [PD]).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 15 patients (aged: 4-28 years) of large A-pattern exotropia. An A-pattern was defined as >10 PD difference between up and down gaze at 6 m by use of the alternate prism cover test.

Post-COVID-19 endogenous endophthalmitis case series and review of literature.

Purpose: To describe a series of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) patients from a multispecialty tertiary hospital in North India.

Methods: A retrospective chart review including all consecutive cases with EE following confirmed COVID-19 disease from July 2020 to June 2021.

Results: Seven eyes of four patients (three female and one male) were included.

Surgical Outcomes of Levator Resection in Moderate and Severe Ptosis With a Good Levator Function: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: An abnormally drooping upper eyelid in comparison with the normal position in primary gaze refers to ptosis. Levator resection should be the procedure of choice in patients with moderate to severe ptosis and a good levator function.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we analysed the surgical outcomes after large and maximal levator resection in patients with moderate and severe ptosis with a good levator function and Bell's phenomenon.

Correlation of meiboscale symptom score and sign score for primary meibomian gland dysfunction in Indian eyes - A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation of Meiboscale with symptom score (Ocular Surface Disease Index [OSDI]) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) sign score.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional hospital-based study of 53 patients of primary MGD who filled the OSDI questionnaire form and underwent complete ocular examination. The MGD sign score was calculated in both eyes using the sum of six grading systems proposed by Arita et al.

Factors Determining Improvement in Stereopsis and Binocularity After Good Postoperative Alignment in Patients With Childhood-Onset Strabismus.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to determine the factors that affect the outcome of strabismus surgery in terms of improvement in stereopsis and binocularity.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively from patients with childhood-onset, concomitant, constant strabismus greater than 30 prism diopters (PD) with postoperative alignment within 10 PD. Pre- and postoperative stereopsis and binocularity testing were performed using the Titmus fly test, random dot test, Bagolini striated glass test, and Worth four dot test at one, four, and 12 weeks postoperatively.

Burden of ocular morbidities and color blindness among school-attending children in a foothill town of Uttarakhand State.

Purpose: To estimate prevalence of common ocular morbidities including color blindness among school-attending children of an urban foothill town of Uttarakhand State in Northern India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going children of age group 6-16 years of standard I-XII. Schools were selected using population proportionate to the size sampling technique.

Evaluation of patient satisfaction and masticatory performance in mandible single implant-assisted overdenture.

Objectives: Many authors' have advocated a minimum of two implants to support a mandibular overdenture, but financial restraints specifically among the geriatric population in developing countries made this treatment plan economically difficult. Hence, this study was planned to assess the symphyseal (midline) single implant-assisted complete overdenture for patient satisfaction and masticatory performance.

Materials And Methods: In this clinical study, 12 edentulous first-time denture wearers underwent placement of a single implant in the mandibular symphyseal region.

Identification of tear-based protein and non-protein biomarkers: Its application in diagnosis of human diseases using biosensors.

Discovery of robust, selective and specific biomarkers are important for early diagnosis and monitor progression of human diseases. Eye being a common target for several human diseases, vision impediment and complications are often associated with systemic and ocular diseases. Tears are bodily fluids that are closest to eye and are rich in protein content and other metabolites.

Optical coherence tomography angiography-guided diagnosis of a traumatic choroidal rupture-associated choroidal neovasular membrane and its management with intravitreal ranibizumab.

A 25-year-old female presented with sudden onset diminution of vision in the right eye (oculus dextrus [OD]) following blunt trauma after a sports injury. Ocular examination revealed best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/30 in OD and fundus revealed commotio retinae, localized preretinal bleed, and a large choroidal rupture (CR). She was managed conservatively at that moment.

Cobalt blue light unit filter - A smartphone attachment for blue light photography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to carry out blue light photography of fluorescein-stained corneas using a novel smartphone attachment.

Methods: A smartphone attachment known as the cobalt blue light unit (C-BLU) was developed. It can filter out all wavelengths of light except the blue light emerging from the flashlight of a smartphone.

An Evaluation to Compare the Surface Roughness of Glazed, Reglazed and Chair Side Polished Surfaces of Dental Porcelain.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glazing, reglazing, and chairside polishing on the surface roughness of dental porcelain.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 discs of feldspathic porcelain were fabricated using a metal mold of dimension 10 mm × 2 mm. Based on the surface treatment, the samples were divided into five groups.

Hospital Cornea Retrieval Programme in a startup eye bank - A retrospective analysis and lessons learned.

Purpose: This study aimed to share our experience in the hospital cornea retrieval program as a new eye bank.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care institute from August 26, 2019 to March 22, 2020. The medical and eye bank records were analyzed for hospital mortality, mortuary records, and donors approached.

Association of Lipid Profile with Severity of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Introduction: The impact of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) on the overall health of the patient is not known. Efforts are being made to understand the association of dyslipidemia with MGD. The objective of the study was to determine the association of dyslipidemia with the severity of MGD, a contributor to dry eye syndrome.

Yogic Pranayama and Diaphragmatic Breathing: Adjunct Therapy for Intraocular Pressure in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Prcis: Yogic pranayama and diaphragmatic breathing are potential adjunctive therapies for patients with glaucoma; however, they are not substitutes for medicine or eye drops.

Purpose: Currently, medical or surgical lowering of intraocular pressure is the only therapeutic approach for treating primary open-angle glaucoma. Intraocular pressure maintenance is influenced by autonomic activity (sympathetic and parasympathetic).

Comparison of choroidal thickness in systemic hypertensive subjects with healthy individuals by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the choroidal thickness in normal population and hypertensive patients and to assess the possible effect of hypertension on choroidal thickness using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study. A total of 68 eyes of 34 individuals in the age group of 40-60 years were included in both the hypertensive group and control group.

Perception among ophthalmologists about webinars as a method of continued medical education during COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: To ascertain ophthalmologist's perceptions about webinars as a method of continued medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a 21-question survey was circulated using digital media platform to approximately 1400 ophthalmologists in India between 16 August 2020 to 31 August 2020. The questionnaire focussed on the quality and usefulness of webinars based on the Bloom's taxonomy.

Expression of p53 and Ki-67 proteins in patients with increasing severity and duration of pterygium.

Purpose: Pterygium is a triangular fibrovascular subepithelial ingrowth of degenerative bulbar conjunctival tissue over the cornea. It is now considered to be a result of uncontrolled cellular proliferation as overexpression of p53 protein and Ki-67 nuclear protein was found in the epithelium. This study was done to find the expression of p53 and Ki-67 with the severity and duration of the pterygium to explain the etiopathogenesis.

Intraocular pressure and tear production changes in pregnant women at term pregnancy and immediate post-partum: A pilot study.

Aim: To study the intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear production changes in uncomplicated pregnant women at term pregnancy and immediate postpartum.

Materials And Methods: The patients admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for delivery were included in the study. A total of 106 participants who were at term uncomplicated pregnancy were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Management of a unique case of post-traumatic posterior giant retinal tear and macular hole-associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Blunt trauma to the eye can present with protean manifestations involving the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Giant retinal tear (GRT) following trauma occurs most commonly at the equatorial region or anterior to the equator. GRT posterior to the equator is rare.

A rare case of Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

We report here a rare case of Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). A 7-year-old boy was diagnosed to have BBS based on the clinical features: retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento, obesity, postaxial polydactyly, syndactyly, and hypogenitalism. It was associated with mild hepatomegaly with deranged liver function test and mild renal involvement radiologically, high-arched palate, and low intelligence quotient.

"Pattern of ocular morbidities among pilgrims attending religious mega festive event-'Kumbh Mela 2019' at Prayagraj, India".

Background: Globally, ocular morbidities are one of the most underdiagnosed, underreported, and undertreated public health concern. Among estimated 39 billion blind in world, India shares major proportions, with majority of them living in rural population. In India, religious festivals like Kumbh Mela that involve mass gatherings are mainly attended by middle and elderly population who are usually susceptible to various ocular diseases.