Application of the modified lifeso radiographic staging system to the management and outcomes for craniocervical tuberculosis.

Objective: To describe a management algorithm for cervicovertebral junction (CVJ) TB based upon disease severity and neurological status at presentation.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 52 patients treated for microbiologically or clinically-diagnosed CVJ TB at a tertiary referral center in a TB endemic area were identified. Data were gathered about presenting symptoms, baseline neurological status, management strategy, and management outcomes.

Spinal deformity surgery is accompanied by serious complications: report from the Morbidity and Mortality Database of the Scoliosis Research Society from 2013 to 2020.

Purpose: The Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) report of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) has been collected since 1965 and since 1968 submission of complications has been required of all members. Since 2009, the SRS has collected information on death, blindness, and neurological deficit, with acute infection being added in 2012 and unintentional return to the operating room (OR) being added in 2017. In this report, we use the most recent data submitted to the SRS M&M database to determine the rate of neurological deficit, blindness, acute infection, unintentional return to the OR, and death, while also comparing this information to previous reports.

Pathogenesis and Staging of Craniovertebral Tuberculosis: Radiographic Evaluation, Classification, and Natural History.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: To radiographically evaluate Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) tuberculosis infection pathogenesis and to propose a modification to the Lifeso classification.

Methods: A cohort of patients with radiologically or microbiologically identified CVJ tuberculosis treated at a single tertiary referral center in a TB endemic area was queried for characteristics about clinical presentation, treatment, and radiographic evidence of bone destruction and abscess formation were included.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the sciatic nerve presenting with leg pain in the setting of lumbar scoliosis and spinal stenosis.

Study Design: Case report.

Objective: We present a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) presenting as neuropathic pain in the setting of lumbar scoliosis and spinal stenosis. Most peripheral nerve sheath tumors are benign, and malignant cases are more commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 or prior radiation exposure.

Use of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Improves Early Ambulation After Total Knee Arthroplasty and Anterior and Posterior Total Hip Arthroplasty.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study (N = 477) to determine if use of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) improves early ambulation and reduces blood loss after total knee arthroplasty and anterior and posterior total hip arthroplasty. Mean (SD) patient age was 66.5 (10.

Acute Renal Infarction After Lateral Lumbar Interbody Spinal Fusion for Kyphoscoliosis.

Study Design: Case report.

Objectives: Case report of acute renal infarction following lateral interbody fusion with posterior instrumentation for adult lumbar kyphoscoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: This is the first reported renal infarction following minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion and posterior spinal instrumentation.

Is it safe to back out pedicle screws after augmentation with polymethyl methacrylate or calcium phosphate cement? A biomechanical study.

Study Design: Biomechanical cadaveric study.

Objective: To determine the torque required to remove pedicle screws augmented with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or calcium phosphate cement (CPC); thus, proving the safety of back out of augmented screws in the osteopotoric model, which would be a more dangerous setting than the nonosteoporotic model.

Summary Of Background Data: To our knowledge, no earlier study has characterized the safety of backing out pedicle screw augmented with PMMA or CPC.

Functional and radiological outcomes of 360 degrees fusion of three or more motion levels in the lumbar spine for degenerative disc disease.

Study Design: This is a single-center, multisurgeon, retrospective study of radiologic and functional outcome measures at a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Objective: We studied the radiologic and functional outcomes following 3 or more motion segment fusions of the lumbar spine for low back pain due to multilevel degenerative disc disease.

Summary Of Background Data: Good functional outcomes have been reported for 1 or 2-level fusions, but there are no reports dealing specifically with 3 or more level fusions.

Enhancement of periprosthetic bone quality with topical hydroxyapatite-bisphosphonate composite.

Background: Implant loosening is associated with inflammatory bone loss induced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear debris. We hypothesized that a hydroxyapatite-bisphosphonate composite improves periprosthetic bone quality and osseous integration of an intramedullary implant even in the presence of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene particles in an experimental rat femur model.

Methods: A preliminary in vitro study determined the optimal concentration of zoledronate (50 microM) that would maximally decrease osteoclasts without harming osteoblasts.

Treatment of allograft nonunions with recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMP).

Fractures and nonunions are the main complications associated with bone allografts. Although the osteogenic role of recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) has been demonstrated in experimental models and human tibial nonunions, the results are unknown for allograft nonunions. In this study, the efficacy of rhBMPs was evaluated in nonunions of femoral allografts.

Bisphosphonates may reduce recurrence in giant cell tumor by inducing apoptosis.

Giant cell tumor of bone is an aggressive tumor characterized by extensive bone destruction and high recurrence rates. This tumor consists of stromal cells and hematopoietic cells that interact in an autocrine manner to produce tumoral osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. This autocrine regulation may be disrupted by novel therapeutic agents.

Do donor characteristics really matter? Short- and long-term impact of donor characteristics on recipient survival, 1995-1999.

We reviewed the impact of multiple donor characteristics on recipient mortality by univariate and multivariate analyses in a cohort of heart donors from 1995 to 1999. A sub-cohort of donors was also selected who met "marginal" criteria, and the early and late survival of these patients was then compared. Surrogates of donor size (donor weight, donor body mass index [BMI], BMI mismatch >20%), under-resuscitation (hematocrit, 24-hour fluid intake) and age >56 years were significantly associated with peri-operative mortality in the univariate analysis; in the multivariate analysis, only average donor heart rate at procurement (p =.