A real-time polymerase chain reaction-based approach for qualitative estimation of viral RNA in organ tissues of coxsackievirus A-16-infected neonatal mice.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a paediatric disease associated with enteroviruses (EVs). Among EVs, coxsackievirus A-16 (CVA-16) strain is currently in circulation and causing outbreaks in India. Neonatal mice (Institute of Cancer Research) strains were infected with CVA-16 strain isolated from HFMD patients to conduct pathological and molecular studies.

Pathological and molecular studies on Coxsackie virus A-16 isolated from hand, foot, and mouth disease cases in India: Approach using neonatal mouse model.

The present study highlights pathogenesis and molecular aspects of Coxsackie virus A-16 (CVA-16) strains isolated from hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases from India using a neonatal mice model. ICR mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with CVA-16/311 strain isolated from HFMD cases. Mice developed hind and forelimb paralysis on day 3 of post infection.

Chandipura virus encephalitis outbreak among children in Nagpur division, Maharashtra, 2007.

Background & Objectives: An outbreak of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) among children from Nagpur division, Maharashtra was investigated to confirm the aetiology and to describe clinico-epidemiological features.

Methods: AES cases among children<15 yr, from Nagpur division, hospitalized between June-September 2007, were investigated. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were tested for IgM antibodies against Chandipura virus (CHPV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and for CHPV RNA by RT-PCR.

Chandipura virus: a major cause of acute encephalitis in children in North Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India.

A hospital-based surveillance was undertaken between May 2005 and April 2006 to elucidate the contribution of Chandipura virus (CHPV) to acute viral encephalitis cases in children, seroconversion in recovered cases and to compare the seroprevalences of anti-CHPV IgM and N antibodies in areas reporting cases with those without any case of acute viral encephalitis. During this period, 90 cases of acute encephalitis were hospitalized in the pediatric wards of Mahatma Gandhi Memorial (MGM) Hospital, Warangal. There were 49 deaths (Case Fatality Rate, i.