Higher risk of renal impairment associated with tenofovir use amongst people living with HIV in India: a comparative cohort analysis between Western India and United Kingdom.

Background: Data on the renal safety of Tenofovir (TDF) in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) is scarce. We compared development of various forms of renal impairment with use of TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) between a cohort from the Institute of Infectious Diseases (IID) Pune, Western India and the Royal Free Hospital (RFH) London, UK.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of change in estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) at 6, 12 and 24 months post TDF initiation using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation.

Lipodystrophy and dyslipidemia among patients taking first-line, World Health Organization-recommended highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens in Western India.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia among HIV-infected patients taking long-term, first-line, World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended generic highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens in India.

Design: : Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Asymptomatic, antiretroviral-naive patients and those treated for > 1 year with zidovudine (ZDV)/lamivudine (3TC)/nevirapine (NVP) and stavudine (d4T)/3TC/NVP were subjectively assessed for lipodystrophy (lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy, and mixed patterns), and lipid profiles were determined after an overnight fast.

Effectiveness of generic fixed-dose combinations of highly active antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV infection in India.

Objective: To assess clinical and immunologic effectiveness and acute toxicity to nevirapine (NVP)-based fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients in India.

Design: Observational study of patients initiated on NVP-based combination therapy delivered as FDCs.

Methods: Antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients initiated on FDCs (zidovudine/lamivudine [3TC]/NVP or stavudine/3TC/NVP) were assessed clinically and with CD4 counts periodically.