Monte Carlo-based dosimetry of proposed bi-radionuclide (I and Ru/Rh) eye plaque: A feasibility study.

Background: Combining the sharp dose fall off feature of beta-emitting Ru/Rh radionuclide with larger penetration depth feature of photon-emittingI radionuclide in a bi-radionuclide plaque, prescribed dose to the tumor apex can be delivered while maintaining the tumor dose uniformity and sparing the organs at risk. The potential advantages of bi-radionuclide plaque could be of interest in context of ocular brachytherapy.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the dosimetric advantages of a proposed bi-radionuclide plaque for two different designs, consisting of indigenous I seeds and Ru/Rh plaque, using Monte Carlo technique.

Iodine-125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma by using Ocuprosta seeds with indigenous non-collimated plaques: Our initial experience.

Purpose: Brachytherapy is the gold-standard treatment for choroidal melanoma. This study evaluated iodine-125 brachytherapy by using Ocuprosta seeds with indigenous non-collimated plaques in Asian patients.

Methods: Retrospective single-center study in a tertiary care hospital of 12 eyes with choroidal melanoma in 12 Asian patients who underwent brachytherapy with Ocuprosta seeds fixed on non-collimated plaques and had a follow-up of at least 32 months (mean: 42.

An electrochemical technique for fabrication of Mn-54 sources towards characterization of gamma counting nuclear instruments.

Long lived sealed radioactive sources are used for the energy calibration and efficiency determination of counting systems used in the nuclear sector. Using a sulphate bath, a facile electrochemical method was developed by electrodeposition of Mn on 5 mm (φ) stainless steel substrates for the preparation of Mn sources for such uses. Inactive sources prepared under suitable experimental parameters characterized by XRD revealed that manganese is deposited in oxide form.

Fabrication of miniature Ce sources by chemical deposition towards possible use in the performance evaluation of gamma cameras - A feasibility study.

Ce sources were fabricated for quality assurance of gamma cameras. The fabrication process consisted of electro-deposition of Ni on a Cu sphere in 0.01 N HSO containing 30 mg/mL HBO and 50 μg of NiSO·7HO at pH 2-3 followed by deposition of Ce on it.

Utilization of Chemical Deposition Technique for Preparation of Miniature Tm Sources and Preliminary Quality Assessment for Potential Use in Brachytherapy.

Objective: This article describes the preparation of a Tm source by chemical deposition technique, its encapsulation in a titanium holder, and preliminary quality evaluation for potential utility as a brachytherapy source.

Methods: The procedure consisted of electrodeposition of Ni on a Cu wire followed by chemical deposition of Tm on it. Influence of feed solution pH, carrier Tm concentration, and reaction time were studied for optimum deposition of Tm on substrate.

Preparation of Radioactive Skin Patches Using Polyhydroxamic Acid-Grafted Cellulose Films Toward Applications in Treatment of Superficial Tumors.

The primary objective of this investigation is the development of a strategy for the synthesis of polyhydroxamic acid (PHA)-grafted cellulose film, its characterization, and evaluation of its usefulness for the preparation of Lu skin patches for superficial brachytherapy applications. PHA-grafted cellulose films were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectrometer analysis and visual color test with Fe(III) solution. Uptake of Lu on the PHA-grafted cellulose was investigated by varying the experimental conditions such as the pH of feed solution, amount of nonradioactive Lu carrier, time, and temperature of the reaction.

A Novel Ce-Based Flood Field Phantom: Assessment of Suitability for Daily Uniformity Testing in a Clinical Nuclear Medicine Department.

Daily quality control testing of a γ-camera is of the utmost importance in assessing whether the camera is suitable for clinical use. The aim of our study was to assess the suitability of a fillable Ce-based flood field phantom developed in-house for daily quality control testing of γ-cameras. Daily uniformity testing was performed for 113 d using the fillable Ce phantom and a commercially available sheet-type Co phantom, and the results were compared.

Development of a phantom and assessment of (141)Ce as a surrogate radionuclide for flood field uniformity testing of gamma cameras.

This paper describes an indigenous method for development and deployment of rechargeable liquid filled phantom with newly proposed radionuclide (141)Ce for determination of extrinsic uniformity of gamma cameras. Details about design of phantom, neutron irradiation of cerium targets, chemical processing of (141)Ce, charging of phantom with (141)Ce solution and their performance evaluation are presented. Suitability of (141)Ce in quality assurance of gamma cameras used in in-vivo diagnostic imaging procedures has been amply demonstrated.

Determination of surface dose rate of indigenous (32)P patch brachytherapy source by experimental and Monte Carlo methods.

Isotope production and Application Division of Bhabha Atomic Research Center developed (32)P patch sources for treatment of superficial tumors. Surface dose rate of a newly developed (32)P patch source of nominal diameter 25 mm was measured experimentally using standard extrapolation ionization chamber and Gafchromic EBT film. Monte Carlo model of the (32)P patch source along with the extrapolation chamber was also developed to estimate the surface dose rates from these sources.

Studies on the development of ¹⁶⁹Yb-brachytherapy seeds: New generation brachytherapy sources for the management of cancer.

This paper describes development of (169)Yb-seeds by encapsulating 0.6-0.65 mm (ϕ) sized (169)Yb2O3 microspheres in titanium capsules.

On the application of Nafion membrane for the preparation of (90)Y skin patches, quality control, and biological evaluation for treatment of superficial tumors.

This article describes the preparation, quality control, and biological evaluation of (90)Y-skin patches based on Nafion(®) membrane as a viable treatment modality for superficial skin tumors such as melanoma. To arrive at the conditions for optimum uptake of (90)Y on the membrane, influence of various experimental parameters, such as pH of the feed solution, inactive yttrium carrier concentration, reaction volume, contact time, and temperature, was systematically investigated. Under the optimized conditions, >95% of the (90)Y activity (37-185 MBq) could be incorporated in the Nafion membranes to prepare (90)Y-skin patches.

Preparation of 57Co point sources for the performance evaluation of nuclear imaging instruments.

This paper describes the utility of electrodeposition method to prepare (57)Co point sources. A description of the electrolytic cell, the process of (57)Co electrodeposition, encapsulation and quality control of the sealed (57)Co sources is presented. Sources containing ~3.

Indigenous (125)I brachytherapy source for the management of intraocular melanomas in India.

Episcleral plaque brachytherapy using (125)I seed is a viable option for the management of intraocular cancer with minimal invasiveness and surgical complications. This article describes the fabrication of (125)I seeds and initial experience on their use for the management of intraocular choroidal melanomas. The process of (125)I seed fabrication includes immobilization of (125)I into palladium-coated silver wires, its encapsulation in titanium capsules using Nd: YAG laser and quality control to assure safety.

Episcleral plaque brachytherapy using 'BARC I-125 Ocu-Prosta seeds' in the treatment of intraocular tumors: a single-institution experience in India.

Context: To analyze the results of episcleral plaque brachytherapy using indigenous Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Iodine-125 Ocu-Prosta seeds for the management of intraocular tumors from a single institute.

Aim: To report our initial experience and learning curve on the use of 'BARC I-125 Ocu-Prosta seeds' for the management of intraocular tumors such as choroidal melanomas, retinoblastomas and vasoproliferative tumors (VPT).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 13 eyes of 13 patients who underwent ophthalmic brachytherapy between May 2008 to March 2012.

Nafion-zirconium phosphate composite membrane: a new approach to prepare (32)P patches for superficial brachytherapy applications.

This article describes a method for the preparation of (32)P patch for the treatment of skin cancer. It is based on the surface modification of a Nafion film by treatment with ZrOCl(2) solution, impregnation of a predicted quantity of (32)P into the film, and its subsequent immobilization into a nonleachable matrix by lamination. The effect of variations of critical parameters on the incorporation of (32)P into the membrane, such as solution pH, contact time, reaction volume, inactive carrier concentration of the feed, reaction temperature, and so on, was investigated to arrive at the conditions resulting in optimum retention of (32)P activity.

Development of a 125I source for its application in bone densitometry.

This paper describes a method for the preparation of (125)I sources for their use in bone densitometer. The process consists of preparation of silver pellets of size ∼2.5 mm (ϕ) × 0.

A facile, viable approach toward the preparation of 32p patches for the treatment of skin cancer.

A facile, viable, "green" two-step, inexpensive technique was developed for the preparation of (32)P patch for the treatment of skin cancer. This technique consists of impregnation of H(3)(32)PO(4) solution into an inert solid carrier followed by immobilization into a nonleachable matrix by lamination. The morphology of the impregnated paper was evaluated by scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive spectral analyses.

A novel approach to prepare (90)Y-EGMP patches for superficial brachytherapy.

A novel method to prepare (90)Y-EGMP patches has been developed for brachytherapy applications.EGMP films of 1cmx1cm size, incorporating approximately 185MBq of (90)Y were prepared and sealed between thin plastic sheets with uniform distribution of (90)Y. The leachability of (90)Y from radioactive patches was less than 0.

Development of a new design (125)I-brachytherapy seed for its application in the treatment of eye and prostate cancer.

Palladium coated silver beads of 0.5mm (slashed circle) were used to adsorb (125)I and encapsulated inside a titanium capsule by Nd:YAG laser, for use as a brachytherapy source. Experimental conditions were optimized for maximum adsorption of (125)I and uniformity of radioactivity was ascertained.

Development of a spherical (125)i-brachytherapy seed for its application in the treatment of eye and prostate cancer.

Palladium-coated silver beads of 0.5 mm (phi) were used to adsorb (125)I, encapsulated inside a titanium capsule by an Nd:YAG laser, for use as a brachytherapy source. Experimental conditions, such as feed activity, carrier concentration, and reaction time, were optimized for the maximum adsorption of (125)I.

Bioevaluation studies of 32P incorporated mould brachytherapy sources for potential application in treatment of superficial tumors.

Aim: To prepare 32P-based user-friendly mould brachytherpy sources for the treatment of superficial tumors.

Methods: 32P as orthophosphoric acid was adsorbed on 15-25 mm (diameter) circular sheets of cellulose-based adsorbent paper to prepare sources containing approximately 37-74 MBq of 32P per cm of strip. The sources were immobilized between plastic sheets of 40 microm thickness.