Validation of a Novel Noninvasive Technology to Estimate Blood Oxygen Saturation Using Green Light: Observational Study.

Background: Pulse oximeters work within the red-infrared wavelengths. Therefore, these oximeters produce erratic results in dark-skinned subjects and in subjects with cold extremities. Pulse oximetry is routinely performed in patients with fever; however, an elevation in body temperature decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, causing a drop in oxygen saturation or oxyhemoglobin concentrations.

Developing a novel device based on a new technology for non-invasive measurement of blood biomarkers irrespective of skin color.

Background: Human hemoglobin is a tetrameric metalloporphyrin. The heme part contains iron radicle and porphyrin. The globin part consists of two pairs of amino-acid chains.

Transfusing maternal blood to her newborn baby-irrespective of ABO mismatch.

Though blood transfusions are the common procedures in pediatric patients, transfusion reactions are rare in children. Though in adults, uncross-matched ABO group-specific blood is used in emergencies, there are no such reports in neonates and children. There are stray case reports about transfusing maternal blood for her baby and maternal blood is compatible regardless of an ABO mismatch Confirming our previous hypothesis that maternal blood is compatible with her baby's blood; and maternal blood can be used for transfusion in her newborn baby irrespective of ABO match/ mismatch.

Effects of two high dose vitamin-D by parenteral route in treating vitamin-D deficiency: a prospective interventional study.

Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a global public health problem. Despite ample sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is very common in the Middle East (15°-36°N) and African (35°S-37°N) countries; and in South Asian countries. Different oral or parenteral dose modalities are tried for treatment of vitamin-D deficiency.

Effect of two high dose vitamin D by parenteral route in treating vitamin D deficiency a prospective interventional study.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a global public health problem. Despite ample sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is very common in the Middle East (15°-36°N) and African (35°S-37°N) countries; and in South Asian countries.

Aim: To find a simple, affordable and practical plan to treat vitamin-d deficiency.

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TAGVHD)--with reference to neonatal period.

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease [TAGVHD] results from the engraftment of transfused immuno-competent cells in blood transfusion recipients, whose immune system is unable to reject them. All blood products containing viable, immuno-competent T cells have been implicated in TAGVHD. Presence of a "one-way HLA match between donor and recipient" is associated with a significantly increased risk of TAGVHD.

A case of spontaneous extracranial epidural emphysema.

Objective: To report a rare case of spontaneous extracranial epidural emphysema.

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: An 18-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus presented with acute onset of cough, dyspnea and subcutaneous emphysema. An esophageal endoscopy revealed an ulcerative lesion in the upper third of the esophagus that was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma.

Four generations of rare familial lymphedema (Milroy disease).

Objective: To report a rare case of familial lymphedema (Milroy disease) affecting 4 generations of individuals.

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: A 28-year-old woman presented with bilateral pedal edema which she had since birth. A detailed evaluation including blood counts, metabolic panel and imaging studies ruled out secondary causes of lymphedema.

Shuffling Adaptive Clinical Trials.

Clinical trials are interventional studies on human beings, designed to test the hypothesis for diagnostic techniques, treatments, and disease preventions. Any novel medical technology should be evaluated for its efficacy and safety by clinical trials. The costs associated with developing drugs have increased dramatically over the past decade, and fewer drugs are obtaining regulatory approval.

Genetic and evolutional mechanisms explain associated malformations--a 'G-E-M' concept.

During the process of evolution, segmented structures like heart and kidneys appeared earlier than vertebral column. Single piece notochord was transformed into segmented vertebral column. Ribs followed the segmented vertebral column but preceded the fore limbs in evolution.