Regeneration of Critical Calvarial Bone Defects Using Bovine Xenograft, Magnesium-Enriched Bovine Xenograft and Autologous Dentin in Rats: Micro-CT, Gene Expression and Immunohistochemical Analysis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of autologous dentin (AD), bovine xenograft (BX) and magnesium-enriched bovine xenograft (BX + Mg) in the healing of critical cranial bone defects (CCBDs) in rats. Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: BX, BX + Mg, AD and the control group (no intervention). Eight mm CCBDs were created and treated with the respective biomaterials.

Joint Inflammation Correlates with Joint GPR30 Expression in Males and Hippocampal GPR30 Expression in Females in a Rat Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

It is not entirely clear how the interaction between joint inflammation and the central nervous system (CNS) response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) works, and what pathophysiology underlies the sex differences in coexisting neuropsychiatric comorbidities. It is known that estrogen hormones reduce inflammation in RA and that this occurs mainly via the stimulation of G protein-coupled receptor-30 (GPR30), also known as G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) 1. However, changes in GPR30 expression and sex differences induced by local and systemic inflammation in RA are not yet known.

Osteogenic Potential of Autologous Dentin Graft Compared with Bovine Xenograft Mixed with Autologous Bone in the Esthetic Zone: Radiographic, Histologic and Immunohistochemical Evaluation.

This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial reports clinical, radiographic, histologic and immunohistochemical results of autologous dentin graft (ADG) and its comparison with a mixture of bovine xenograft with autologous bone (BX+AB). After tooth extraction in the esthetic zone of maxilla, the alveolar ridge of 20 patients in the test group was augmented with ADG, while 17 patients in the control group received the combination of BX+AB. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed before tooth extraction and after 4 months when a total of 22 bone biopsies were harvested and subjected to histological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Dynamics of CSBD Healing after Implementation of Dentin and Xenogeneic Bone Biomaterial.

Autologous dentin is frequently used in guided bone regeneration due to its osteoinductive properties, which come from its similarity to native bone. On the other hand, the xenogeneic bone biomaterial Cerabone serves as a biocompatible, but hardly resorbed biomaterial. During bone healing, an inflammatory, vascular, and osteogenic response occurs in which cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and osteopontin (OPN) are released locally and systemically.

Serum Levels of Inflammatory and Fibrotic Cytokines in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Hip Osteoarthritis.

A certain percentage of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is associated with inflammatory conditions. Osteoarthritis (OA) increases the risk of CTS, and both diseases are common in the general population. Moreover, OA and CTS are often present in the same patients.

Gender-Related Differences in BMP Expression and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis within Joint-Hippocampal Axis in a Rat Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

BMPs regulate synovial quiescence and adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus in non-stress conditions. However, changes in BMP expression that are induced by inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not yet been reported. Here, we show that signalling with synovial BMPs (BMP-4 and -7) mediates the effect of systemic inflammation on adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus during pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) in (DA) rats, an animal model of RA.

CSBD Healing in Rats after Application of Bovine Xenogeneic Biomaterial Enriched with Magnesium Alloy.

Xenogeneic biomaterials Cerbone and OsteoBiol are widely used in oral implantology. In dental practice, xenogeneic biomaterial is usually combined with autologous bone to provide bone volume stability needed for long-term dental implants. Magnesium alloy implants dissolve and form mineral corrosion layer that is directly in contact with bone tissue, allowing deposition of the newly formed bone.

Expression of the BMP-2, -4 and -7 and their antagonists gremlin, chordin, noggin and follistatin during ectopic osteogenesis.

Molecular network of the osteogenic BMPs and extracellular inhibitors maintains homeostasis of the skeletal tissues. It is important to determine relationship between BMP-2, -4 and -7 and their inhibitors: gremlin, follistatin, chordin and noggin, during normal osteogenesis. To determine their expression pattern we conducted investigation by inducing ectopic bone formation in rats.

BMP signaling in rats with TNBS-induced colitis following BMP7 therapy.

Beyond stimulating bone formation, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important in development, inflammation, and malignancy of the gut. We have previously shown that BMP7 has a regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effect on experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. To further investigate the BMP signaling pathway we monitored the effect of BMP7 therapy on the BMP signaling components in the rat colon during different stages of experimentally induced colitis by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS).

Hepatoregenerative role of bone morphogenetic protein-9.

Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines, which regulate cell growth and differentiation during embryogenesis. Apart of that, the hypoglycemic potential of BMP-9 is of great interest. It has been confirmed that BMP-9, like insulin, improves glycemia in diabetic mice and regulates directional glucose metabolism in hepatocytes; therefore it is proposed to be a candidate hepatic insulin-sensitizing substance (HISS).

Correlation of endothelin-1 mRNA expression and bone structure in advanced osteoarthritis.

Recent understandings of the vascular contribution of pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) mount new evidence of cross-talking between subchondral bone tissue and articular cartilage that might have a decisive role in a pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA). These understandings include blood flow (or interstitial fluid) impairment in subchondral bone. With regard to the mentioned role of the vasculature, the absence of custom nourishing to articular cartilage, and established, vasoconstrictive role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) it was reasonable to assume that ET-1 has an inconvertible role in pathophysiology of OA.

Histomorphological analysis of the osteophytic appositions in patients with lumbar lateral recess syndrome.

Patients with lumbar lateral recess syndrome (LRS) can be successfully cured by removing osseous excrescences that grow on the peripheral edge of articular surface of the facet joint. They cause narrowing of the lateral recess and compress a root of the spinal nerve. Their appearance is related to the instability of respective dynamic vertebral segment.

Treatment of tibial bone defect with rotational vascular periosteal graft in rabbits.

It is well known that the periosteum is capable of bone formation. In the present study, the value of the vascularized periosteal graft in healing the long-bone defect filled with the allogenous bone graft was studied. The aim of the study was to verify the efficiency of the rotational vascularized periosteal graft as a optional surgical method as well as to prove its advantages in comparison with the nonvascularized periosteal graft.

Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins, cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins and related receptors in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage.

Newborn and adult articular cartilage expresses bone (BMPs) and cartilage derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs). These morphogenetic proteins act over membrane receptors (BMPRs). We examined the expression pattern of BMP-7, BMP-3, CDMP-1, CDMP-2 and their receptors in adult normal and osteoarthritic, articular, knee cartilage.

Electronic root canal length measurement before and after experimentally induced pulpitis and apical periodontitis in dogs.

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the state of the pulp and apical periodontium on the results of electronic root canal length measurement (ERCLM) with a resistance measuring device in dogs. Pulpitis and apical periodontitis were induced by pulp exposure and contamination by the oral flora in the premolar teeth of six mongrel dogs, comprising four experimental groups (36 root canals). In a control group, measured lengths of teeth with uninfected pulps were performed on the first experimental day (44 root canals).