Structural and molecular dynamics simulation studies of CBL-interacting protein kinase CIPK and its complexes related to plant salinity stress.

Context: Calcium-dependent signaling in plants is responsible for several major cellular events, including the activation of the salinity-responsive pathways. Calcium binds to calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), and the resulting CBL-Ca complex binds to CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK). The CBL-CIPK complex enhances the CIPK interaction with an upstream kinase.

Membrane Proteins in Plant Salinity Stress Perception, Sensing, and Response.

Plants have several mechanisms to endure salinity stress. The degree of salt tolerance varies significantly among different terrestrial crops. Proteins at the plant's cell wall and membrane mediate different physiological roles owing to their critical positioning between two distinct environments.