Augmented prediction of vertebral collapse after osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures through parameter-efficient fine-tuning of biomedical foundation models.

Vertebral collapse (VC) following osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) often requires aggressive treatment, necessitating an accurate prediction for early intervention. This study aimed to develop a predictive model leveraging deep neural networks to predict VC progression after OVCF using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data. Among 245 enrolled patients with acute OVCF, data from 200 patients were used for the development dataset, and data from 45 patients were used for the test dataset.

Accurate Microwave Circuit Co-Simulation Method Based on Simplified Equivalent Circuit Modeling.

A new co-simulation method is proposed for active devices and electromagnetic resonant circuits at microwave frequency range. For the measured and extracted device parameters, three steps of equivalent circuit models are processed of the general, simplified, and EM RLC models. To overcome the limited lumped element simulation in an electromagnetic simulator, the simplified equivalent circuit model is established by mathematical computation.

Rapid Immunodot AQP4 Assay for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Importance: Immunoglobulin G autoantibodies for aquaporin 4 (AQP4-IgG) serve as diagnostic biomarkers for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and the most sensitive and specific laboratory tests for their detection are cell-based assays (CBAs). Nevertheless, the limited availability of special instruments limits the widespread use of CBAs in routine laboratories.

Objective: To validate an enzyme immunodot assay for simple and rapid detection of AQP4-IgG.

Antigen-independent IL-17A production by bystander-activated CD4IL-1R1 cells in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease caused by auto-antigen recognizing CD4 T cells. However, IL-17A-producing CD4 T cells that are bystander-activated by IL-1β and IL-23, and T cell receptors independently, could contribute to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, we studied the differences in the frequency and function of bystander-activated CD4 T cells in patients with MS.

Functional impairment of CD19CD24CD38 B cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is restored by B cell depletion therapy.

The role of B cells in immune response regulation is context dependent. In some cases, bystander B cell activation leads to interleukin-10 (IL-10) production, suppressing inappropriate immune responses. However, the role of B cells in regulation of autoimmune diseases, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), is incompletely understood.

Short- and long-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of stroke.

Objective: Many epidemiological studies have observed the association of air pollutant exposure with the onset, progression, and mortality of stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of air pollutants, including SO, NO, O, CO, and PM, with stroke according to exposure duration.

Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2015 were obtained.

Efficacy and Safety of Bioabsorbable Bone Hemostatic Agent in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Although a bioabsorbable bone hemostatic agent (BBHA) was developed approximately 20 years ago to overcome the shortcomings of conventional bone wax, its bleeding control capacity has not yet been studied. This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of BBHA in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Sixty-two patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA for knee osteoarthritis were included and randomized to the control or BBHA group.

Short and long term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of ischemic heart disease.

Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of ischemic heart disease related to air pollution. This study aimed to explore both the short-term and long-term effects of air pollutants on the risk of ischemic heart disease after adjusting for meteorological factors. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2013 was used.

Short- and long-term exposure to air pollution and lack of sunlight are associated with an increased risk of depression: A nested case-control study using meteorological data and national sample cohort data.

Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of depression related to air pollutants. This study investigated the relationship of air pollutant exposure and meteorological factors with depression. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2013 was analyzed.

Production and Its Anti-hyperglycemic Effects of γ-Aminobutyric Acid from the Wild Yeast Strain UL6-1 and 402-JB-1.

This study was done to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from wild yeast as well as investigate its anti-hyperglycemic effects. Among ten GABA-producing yeast strains, UL6-1 and 402-JB-1 produced high GABA concentration of 134.4 µg/mL and 179.

Isolation and Identification of Yeasts from Wild Flowers Collected around Jangseong Lake in Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea, and Characterization of the Unrecorded Yeast Bullera coprosmaensis.

Several types of yeasts were isolated from wild flowers around Jangseong Lake in Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea and identified by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the PCR amplicons for the D1/D2 variable domain of the 26S ribosomal DNA using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis. In total, 60 strains from 18 species were isolated, and Pseudozyma spp. (27 strains), which included Pseudozyma rugulosa (7 strains) and Pseudozyma aphidis (6 strains), was dominant species.