An Updated Review on the Relationship of Depressive Symptoms in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder occurring across all age groups, gender, and is multifactorial. The episodic decrease in airflow during sleep results in hypoxia and hypercapnia over time, resulting in morning headache, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, and polycythemia. Fragmentation of sleep at night-time cause daytime somnolence, fatigue, memory problems, and mood symptoms such as depression and anxiety.

Vitamin B12 Supplementation: Preventing Onset and Improving Prognosis of Depression.

Depression is a common mental health condition occurring across all ages, genders, and populations and is almost always multifaceted. It can manifest as a form of metabolic disorder, endocrine disorder, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, deficiencies, or neurodegenerative disorders. Although there have been various treatment options available for the treatment of depression, it is still a sizable global health concern requiring more attention.

Cannabinoid Receptors and Their Relationship With Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review.

The burden of chronic pain has affected many individuals leading to distress and discomfort, alongside numerous side effects with conventional therapeutic approaches. Cannabinoid receptors are naturally found in the human body and have long been an interest in antinociception. These include CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are promising candidates for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain.

Does an Incidental Meckel's Diverticulum Warrant Resection?

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common gastrointestinal malformation. The management of symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum has been undecidedly resection; however, the management of incidental Meckel's diverticulum has been fraught in comparison. As a systematic literature review, PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and MEDLINE were used.

Extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysm presenting as symptomatic hypoglossal and glossopharyngeal nerve paralysis.

Aneurysms of the extracranial portion of the internal carotid artery are rare, particularly in young patients. They usually develop following trauma, or secondary to infection involving the parapharyngeal space that extends to the vessel wall. This is a case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm presenting acutely following chiropractic neck manipulation with hypoglossal and glossopharyngeal nerve palsy.

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: spectrum of disease with associated imaging and pathology.

Objective: Our objective was to show the spectrum of biologic behavior associated with breast adenomyoepithelioma. This disease is a rare benign breast neoplasm characterized by proliferation of both epithelial and myoepithelial cellular elements. Malignant change of one or both cell types may occur and is thought to be associated with hematogenous, rather than lymphatic, metastasis.