First-principles study on the specific heat jump in the glass transition of silica glass and the Prigogine-Defay ratio.

The most important characteristic of glass transition is a jump in the specific heatΔCp. Despite its significance, no standard theory exists to describe it. In this study, first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations are used to describe the glass transition of silica glass.

A tactile sensor using single layer graphene for surface texture recognition.

Tactile sensors capable of texture recognition are essential for artificial skin functions. In this work, we describe a tactile sensor with a single sensor architecture made of single layer graphene that can recognize surface texture based on the roughness of the interacting surface. Resistance changes due to the local deformation of a local area of the single layer graphene are reflected in the resistance of the entire sensor.

Highly Sensitive Wearable Textile-Based Humidity Sensor Made of High-Strength, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Filaments.

Textile-based humidity sensors can be an important component of smart wearable electronic-textiles and have potential applications in the management of wounds, bed-wetting, and skin pathologies or for microclimate control in clothing. Here, we report a wearable textile-based humidity sensor for the first time using high strength (∼750 MPa) and ultratough (energy-to-break, 4300 J g) SWCNT/PVA filaments via a wet-spinning process. The conductive SWCNT networks in the filaments can be modulated by adjusting the intertube distance by swelling the PVA molecular chains via the absorption of water molecules.

Determination of the absorbed dose rate to water for the 18-mm helmet of a gamma knife.

Purpose: To measure the absorbed dose rate to water of (60)Co gamma rays of a Gamma Knife Model C using water-filled phantoms (WFP).

Methods And Materials: Spherical WFP with an equivalent water depth of 5, 7, 8, and 9 cm were constructed. The dose rates at the center of an 18-mm helmet were measured in an 8-cm WFP (WFP-3) and two plastic phantoms.

A numerical approach to dose optimization for moving targets using monte carlo simulations.

A novel simulation model for the dose distribution of moving targets for high-energy photons was analyzed using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation. We provide here a fundamental numerical framework for the calculation of doses delivered to moving tissues in respiratory systems with improved accuracy. A spherical object with periodic motions inside a water phantom irradiated with incident photons was taken into consideration.