Transradial Approach for Neurovascular Interventions : A Literature Review.

The femoral artery is the preferred access route for neurointerventions. The transfemoral approach (TFA) offers advantages such as a large diameter and easy access. However, it also entails disadvantages such as patient discomfort and high risk of complications.

Proper Indication of Decompressive Craniectomy for the Patients with Massive Brain Edema after Intra-arterial Thrombectomy.

Objective: Numerous studies have indicated that early decompressive craniectomy (DC) for patients with major infarction can be life-saving and enhance neurological outcomes. However, most of these studies were conducted by neurologists before the advent of intra-arterial thrombectomy (IA-Tx). This study aims to determine whether neurological status significantly impacts the final clinical outcome of patients who underwent DC following IA-Tx in major infarction.

Recanalization Rate and Clinical Outcomes of Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator Administration for Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Patients.

Objective: Stroke caused from large vessel occlusion (LVO) has emerged as the most common stroke subtype worldwide. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator administration (IV-tPA) and additional intraarterial thrombectomy (IA-Tx) is regarded as standard treatment. In this study, the authors try to find the early recanalization rate of IV-tPA in LVO stroke patients.

Long-Term Changes in Thecal Sac Compression and Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid Space Following Paddle Lead Spinal Cord Stimulation at T9: A Long-Term Follow-Up via Three-Dimensional Myelographic Computed Tomography.

Objectives: To investigate the long-term changes in thecal sac compression following T9 paddle lead spinal cord stimulation (SCS) using three-dimensional myelographic computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: Seventeen patients with five-column paddle lead SCS at T9 underwent three-dimensional myelographic CT scans preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and after an average of 11 months. The cross-sectional areas of thecal sac and spinal cord and the widths of anterior and posterior cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces were repeatedly measured and compared.

Effects of an Infection Control Protocol for Coronavirus Disease in Emergency Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Objective: Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, neurointerventionists have been increasingly concerned regarding the prevention of infection and time delay in performing emergency thrombectomy procedures in patients with acute stroke. This study aimed to analyze the effects of changes in mechanical thrombectomy protocol before and after the COVID-19 pandemic on procedure time and patient outcomes and to identify factors that significantly impact procedure time.

Methods: The last-normal-to-door, first-abnormal-to-door, door-to-imaging, door-to-puncture, and puncture-to-recanalization times of 88 patients (45 treated with conventional pre-COVID-19 protocol and 43 with COVID-19 protection protocol) were retrospectively analyzed.

Long-term mortality in patients with moyamoya angiopathy according to stroke presentation type in South Korea.

Background: Incidence, prevalence, and long-term survival outcomes in patients with moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) according to stroke presentation type and age group have not been clearly elucidated.

Methods: We investigated mortality in patients with MMA (moyamoya disease, probable moyamoya disease, moyamoya syndrome) of whose International Classification Disease 10 code was I67.5 from 2006 to 2015 using the Korean National Health Insurance database.

Acute High-Altitude Cerebral Edema Presenting as Extensive Microbleeds along the Corpus Callosum without T2 Hyperintensity: A Case Report and Literature Review.

High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a potentially fatal neurological syndrome that develops in persons traveling to a high altitude. We report the case of a 49-year-old male who had traveled to a high altitude, and lost consciousness for a few hours. Susceptibility-weighted images revealed multiple, fine black pepper like microbleeds along the corpus callosum with several microbleeds in the left frontal and parietal subcortical white matter.

Classification of Diffuse Glioma Subtype from Clinical-Grade Pathological Images Using Deep Transfer Learning.

Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and they vary considerably in their morphology, location, genetic alterations, and response to therapy. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) provided new guidelines for making an integrated diagnosis that incorporates both morphologic and molecular features to diffuse gliomas. In this study, we demonstrate how deep learning approaches can be used for an automatic classification of glioma subtypes and grading using whole-slide images that were obtained from routine clinical practice.

A Very Rapidly Growing, Spontaneous, Internal Carotid Artery Dissecting Aneurysm Triggering Simultaneous Complete Ophthalmoplegia and a Cerebral Infarct.

Background: Simultaneous ipsilateral complete ophthalmoplegia and multiple cerebral infarctions are very rare, especially secondary to a very rapidly growing, spontaneous dissecting aneurysm in the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Case Description: We describe a 26-year-old woman who presented with sudden-onset, right-sided, spontaneous ophthalmoplegia with left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a middle cerebral artery territory infarction.

Surveillance Rate and its Impact on Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients in South Korea: A Cohort Study.

Purpose: Though regular surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for high-risk patients is widely recommended, its rate and effectiveness are not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the actual rate of HCC surveillance and its related factors and to clarify its impact on survival in a Korean HCC cohort.

Materials And Methods: From 2012 to 2015, 319 newly diagnosed HCC patients were prospectively enrolled at a tertiary hospital.

Cesium-137 Contaminated Roads and Health Problems in Residents: an Epidemiological Investigation in Seoul, 2011.

Background: In 2011, two roads in a residential area in Seoul were found to be contaminated with the radionuclide cesium-137 (137Cs). In response to public concerns, an epidemiological study was conducted.

Methods: The standardized cancer incidence ratios in the affected and neighboring regions were calculated based on the central cancer registry.

Musculoskeletal Disorders and Agricultural Risk Factors Among Korean Farmers.

Farming is a strenuous occupation with various health risks, with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) being some of the most common. The risk factors for MSDs among Korean farmers are not well understood. Data were obtained from the Korean Farmers' Occupational Disease and Injury Survey (2012), which interviewed 16,113 participants regarding their demographic profiles, self-reported MSDs, and agricultural characteristics.

Review of carcinogenicity of asbestos and proposal of approval standards of an occupational cancer caused by asbestos in Korea.

Carcinogenicity of asbestos has been well established for decades and it has similar approval standards in most advanced countries based on a number of studies and international meetings. However, Korea has been lagging behind such international standards. In this study, we proposed the approval standards of an occupational cancer due to asbestos through intensive review on the Helsinki Criteria, post-Helsinki studies, job exposure matrix (JEM) based on the analysis of domestic reports and recognized occupational lung cancer cases in Korea.

Long-term results of motor cortex stimulation in the treatment of chronic, intractable neuropathic pain.

Background/objectives: Although motor cortex stimulation (MCS) has been used for more than 20 years in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain, there is still a debate about the efficacy of MCS.

Methods: To investigate the long-term results and the factors associated with the long-term success of chronic MCS, 21 patients who underwent MCS trial were classified as having central poststroke pain, central pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) and peripheral neuropathic pain, and we investigated the clinical factors associated with long-term success and degree of pain relief.

Results: Of the 21 patients, 16 (76.

Long-term incidence and predicting factors of cranioplasty infection after decompressive craniectomy.

Objective: The predictors of cranioplasty infection after decompressive craniectomy have not yet been fully characterized. The objective of the current study was to compare the long-term incidences of surgical site infection according to the graft material and cranioplasty timing after craniectomy, and to determine the associated factors of cranioplasty infection.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess graft infection in patients who underwent cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy between 2001 and 2011 at a single-center.

Factors Associated with Indeterminate and False Negative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in Active Tuberculosis.

Background: The sensitivities and specificities of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) vary among different population studies, and the data on the routine use of IGRAs are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study, enrolling 77 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), at a secondary care teaching hospital in Seoul.

Bilateral locked facets at lower lumbar spine without facet fracture: a case report.

Bilateral locked facets at L4-5 without facet fracture is a rarely known disease. We present a case of a 37-year-old male patient diagnosed as traumatic L4-5 bilateral facets dislocation without facet fracture. We carried out open reduction, epidural hematoma removal, posterior interbody fusion.