Acellular Particulated Costal Allocartilage Improves Cartilage Regeneration in High Tibial Osteotomy: Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare short-term arthroscopic and clinical outcomes between microfractures with (treatment group) and without (control group) acellular particulated costal allocartilage in patients undergoing concurrent high tibial osteotomy (HTO).

Design: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 19 and 21 patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively, and reviewed them at a minimum 2-year follow-up after HTO. Cartilage regeneration status was evaluated according to the International Cartilage Repair Society-Cartilage Repair Assessment (ICRS-CRA) grading and Koshino's macroscopic staging systems during medial locked plate removal.

Characterizing fluvial impact on the biochemical composition of particulate organic matter in the Laptev Sea and Western East Siberian Sea during the late summer of 2018.

The Laptev Sea (LS) and Western East Siberian Sea (W-ESS) are paradigmatic examples of seas dominated by terrestrial organic matter, attributed to substantial Siberian River discharges and coastal erosion. The influx of terrestrial organic matter significantly alters the biochemical composition of particulate organic matter (POM) in these Arctic coastal regions, potentially reducing the nutritional quality available to higher trophic levels. This study investigated the origin and qualitative characteristics of POM in the LS and W-ESS during the late summer of 2018 by analyzing elemental ratios (C/N ratio), stable carbon isotopes (δC), and biochemical compositions (biomolecular and amino acid (AA) compositions).

Glucagon-like-peptide-1 agonist therapy in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are commonly used to improve glycemic control and promote weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or obesity. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding GLP-1 agonist use in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). We present 11 people with CF (males: 3, females: 7; age range 24-47; BMI range 25.

Relationship Between Revision Rate, Osteoarthritis, and Obesity for ACL Reconstruction: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The long-term goal of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to prevent secondary osteoarthritis due to instability. Obesity itself is also a risk factor for osteoarthritis and shows an increase in its incidence, but little is known about the relationship between obesity and the outcome of ACL reconstruction.

Purpose/hypothesis: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the outcome of ACL reconstruction and obesity.

Alone but not isolated: social presence and cognitive load in learning with 360 virtual reality videos.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify any differences in social presence and cognitive load among three types of 360 virtual reality (VR)-based videos lectures. We hypothesized that social presence would be higher when interactions among peers are visible in a 360 VR video lectures while the cognitive load would be also increased.

Methods: A total of 48 college students were randomly assigned to one of the three study groups to view an assigned 360 VR video lecture.

Advanced parametrization for the production of high-energy solid-state lithium pouch cells containing polymer electrolytes.

Lithium batteries with solid-state electrolytes are an appealing alternative to state-of-the-art non-aqueous lithium-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes because of safety and energy aspects. However, engineering development at the cell level for lithium batteries with solid-state electrolytes is limited. Here, to advance this aspect and produce high-energy lithium cells, we introduce a cell design based on advanced parametrization of microstructural and architectural parameters of electrode and electrolyte components.

Seasonal patterns and bloom dynamics of phytoplankton based on satellite-derived chlorophyll-a in the eastern yellow sea.

Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) is essential for assessing environmental conditions, yet its application in the optically complex waters of the eastern Yellow Sea (EYS) is challenged. This study refines the Chl-a algorithm for the EYS employing a switching approach based on normalized water-leaving radiance at 555 nm wavelength according to turbidity conditions to investigate phytoplankton bloom patterns in the EYS. The refined Chl-a algorithm (EYS algorithm) outperforms prior algorithms, exhibiting a strong alignment with in situ Chl-a.

Pharmacological effects of biologically synthesized ginsenoside CK-rich preparation (AceCK40) on the colitis symptoms in DSS-induced Caco-2 cells and C57BL mice.

Background: Despite the notable pharmacological potential of natural ginsenosides, their industrial application is hindered by low oral bioavailability. Recent research centers on the production of less-glycosylated minor ginsenosides.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effect of a biologically synthesized ginsenoside CK-rich minor ginsenoside complex (AceCK40), on ameliorating colitis using DSS-induced colitis models in vitro and in vivo.

A Deep Reinforcement Learning Strategy for Surrounding Vehicles-Based Lane-Keeping Control.

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) are advancing to higher levels of autonomy and performance, the associated technologies are becoming increasingly diverse. Lane-keeping systems (LKS), corresponding to a key functionality of AVs, considerably enhance driver convenience. With drivers increasingly relying on autonomous driving technologies, the importance of safety features, such as fail-safe mechanisms in the event of sensor failures, has gained prominence.

The Incidence Rate, Microbiological Etiology, and Results of Treatments of Prosthetic Joint Infection following Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains among the most challenging and costly complications. PJI rates vary from 0.39% to 3.

Primary Production in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian Seas.

Understanding of the primary production of phytoplankton in the Kara Sea (KS), the Laptev Sea (LS), and the East Siberian Sea (ESS) remains limited, despite the recognized importance of phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted three NABOS (Nansen and Amundsen Basins Observational System) expeditions in 2013, 2015, and 2018 to measure in situ primary production rates using a C-N dual-tracer method and examine their major controlling factors. The main goals in this study were to investigate regional heterogeneity in primary production and derive its contemporary ranges in the KS, LS, and ESS.

Design and Optimization of Composite Cathodes for Solid-State Batteries Using Hybrid Carbon Networks with Facile Electronic and Ionic Percolation Pathways.

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional liquid electrolyte batteries due to their potential for higher energy density and improved safety. However, achieving high performance in SSBs is difficult because of inadequate contact and interfacial reactions that generate high interfacial resistance, as well as inadequate solid-solid contact between electrodes. These chronic issues are associated with inhomogeneous ion and electron transport networks owing to imperfect solid-solid interfacial contact.

Particulated Costal Allocartilage With Microfracture Versus Microfracture Alone for Knee Cartilage Defects: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Participant- and Rater-Blinded Study.

Background: Microfracture is the first-line treatment for cartilage defects; however, the suboptimal quality of the repaired cartilage remains an issue.

Purpose/hypothesis: The aim of this first in-human study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of a combination of particulated costal allocartilage and microfracture versus microfracture alone in treating knee cartilage defects. We hypothesized that the particulated costal allocartilage with microfracture would result in superior cartilage repair quality and better clinical outcomes at 48 weeks postoperatively.

C2RL: Convolutional-Contrastive Learning for Reinforcement Learning Based on Self-Pretraining for Strong Augmentation.

Reinforcement learning agents that have not been seen during training must be robust in test environments. However, the generalization problem is challenging to solve in reinforcement learning using high-dimensional images as the input. The addition of a self-supervised learning framework with data augmentation in the reinforcement learning architecture can promote generalization to a certain extent.

Workplace Violence Experienced by Community Mental Health Workers.

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to 1) investigate the prevalence of workplace violence and workers' emotional distress, 2) explore factors associated with workplace violence, and 3) assess workers' needs for preventive measures. A total of 763 community mental health workers participated in Korea. Among them, 85.

Spatio-temporal variations in organic carbon composition driven by two different major phytoplankton communities in the Ross Sea, Antarctica.

The compositions of organic carbon could be important in determining biological carbon pump efficiency. However, little information on them in relation to each algal assemblage is currently available in the Ross Sea. Here, we investigated the seasonal variations in organic carbon composition and the relative abundance of each organic carbon, including particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs), characterized by different algal groups in the Ross Sea.

Joint Replacement Surgery in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in South Korea: Analysis of a Large National Database.

Background: We aimed to investigate the current trend of joint replacement surgery incidence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in South Korea and to compare the incidence of joint replacement surgery in each affected joint.

Methods: We performed this big data analysis to investigate the current trend of joint replacement surgery incidence in patients with RA in South Korea and to compare the incidence of joint replacement surgery in each affected joint. This retrospective study was based on data from the Korea National Health Insurance claims database.

Histone variant HTB4 delays leaf senescence by epigenetic control of Ib bHLH transcription factor-mediated iron homeostasis.

Leaf senescence is an orderly process regulated by multiple internal factors and diverse environmental stresses including nutrient deficiency. Histone variants are involved in regulating plant growth and development. However, their functions and underlying regulatory mechanisms in leaf senescence remain largely unclear.