In-situ δO and Sr/Sr proxies in an unconformable clastic unit at the Ordovician-Silurian transition.

Clastic successions found in the carbonate platform of continental margin during the Ordovician-Silurian Transition (OST) period are archives for interpreting paleo-depositional systems. Here, we report in-situ δO and Sr/Sr isotope chemo-stratigraphy for an unconformable clastic unit from the Cathaysia terrane that rifted off the Gondwana Supercontinent in the Early Paleozoic Era. Our results suggest a depositional proxy and model for geological events attributed to rapid changes in the sedimentary environment during the OST period.

Robotic Single-Site Radical Hysterectomy for Early Cervical Cancer: A Single Center Experience of 5 Years.

Background: The mainstay of treatment for early-stage cervical cancer is surgery; we present a 5-year experience of robotic single-site radical hysterectomy (RSRH) focused on surgical and oncologic outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective study included 44 cases of RSRH performed in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Results: The median follow-up period for the 44 patients was 34 months.

Updated clinical guideline for human papillomavirus vaccine: the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines.

Since the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine guidelines were developed by the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology (KSGO) in 2011, 2016, and 2019, several recent studies on the efficacy and safety of HPV vaccines in middle-aged women and men have been reported. Furthermore, there has been an ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of the HPV vaccine in women with prior HPV infection or who have undergone conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We searched and reviewed studies on the efficacy and safety of the HPV vaccine in middle-aged women and men and the efficacy of the HPV vaccine in patients infected with HPV and those who underwent conization for CIN.

Acidic fluids in the Earth's lower crust.

Fluid flux through Earth's surface and its interior causes geochemical cycling of elements in the Earth. Quantification of such process needs accurate knowledge about the composition and properties of the fluids. Knowledge about the fluids in Earth's interior is scarce due to limitations in both experimental methods and thermodynamic modeling in high/ultrahigh pressure-temperature conditions.

Regional Features of Long-Term Exposure to PM Air Quality over Asia under SSP Scenarios Based on CMIP6 Models.

This study investigates changes in fine particulate matter (PM) concentration and air-quality index (AQI) in Asia using nine different Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project 6 (CMIP6) climate model ensembles from historical and future scenarios under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The results indicated that the estimated present-day PM concentrations were comparable to satellite-derived data. Overall, the PM concentrations of the analyzed regions exceeded the WHO air-quality guidelines, particularly in East Asia and South Asia.

Robotic single-site versus multiport radical hysterectomy in early stage cervical cancer: An analysis of 62 cases from a single institution.

Background: This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes and cost of robotic single-site radical hysterectomy (RSSRH) versus robotic multiport radical hysterectomy (RMPRH) with pelvic lymph node dissection in early stage cervical cancer.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with early stage cervical cancer were recruited between November 2011 and July 2017 and underwent RSSRH (20 patients) and RMPRH (42 patients) for early stage cervical cancer using the da Vinci Si Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical).

Results: There were no significant difference between the two groups in most of parameters.

Modified Laparoscopic Transabdominal Cervicoisthmic Cerclage for the Surgical Management of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss due to Cervical Factors.

This study aimed evaluate the feasibility of modified laparoscopic transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage (LTCC) and its impact on recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and is a retrospective observational cohort study of patients who underwent modified LTCC from 2003 to 2018 (n = 299). The surgery was performed at a mean gestational age of 12.5 weeks (range 10.

Measure Theoretic Entropy of Discrete Geodesic Flow on Nagao Lattice Quotient.

The discrete geodesic flow on Nagao lattice quotient of the space of bi-infinite geodesics in regular trees can be viewed as the right diagonal action on the double quotient of PGL2Fq((t-1)) by PGL2Fq[t] and PGL2(Fq[[t-1]]). We investigate the measure-theoretic entropy of the discrete geodesic flow with respect to invariant probability measures.

Giant uterine mass with uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential: A case report.

Background: Uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare tumor belonging to a group of smooth muscle tumors that possess both benign and malignant features, complicating the diagnosis.Case report.We present the case of a 41-year-old primiparous woman who complained of heavy menstrual bleeding and severe pressure symptoms in the lower abdomen for 3 months.

Eclogite resembling metamorphic disequilibrium assemblage formed through fluid-induced metasomatic reactions.

Equilibrium omphacite-garnet-bearing mafic rocks have been classified as eclogites, either pristine or retrogressed, that were formed at great depths in the lithosphere. Here we report a unique natural example of eclogite resembling assemblage in disequilibrium formed through fluid-induced metasomatic reactions under the amphibolite to granulite facies. Primarily, the amphibolized protolith experienced a garnet-amphibolite facies metamorphism at ~ 500-700 °C and ~ 0.

In vivo modeling of metastatic human high-grade serous ovarian cancer in mice.

Metastasis is responsible for 90% of human cancer mortality, yet it remains a challenge to model human cancer metastasis in vivo. Here we describe mouse models of high-grade serous ovarian cancer, also known as high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and deadliest human ovarian cancer type. Mice genetically engineered to harbor Dicer1 and Pten inactivation and mutant p53 robustly replicate the peritoneal metastases of human HGSC with complete penetrance.

Reduction of cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer (ROCOCO): study protocol for a phase III randomized controlled trial.

Background: Primary debulking surgery (PDS) and adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) has been introduced as an alternative, showing similar efficacy and decreased postoperative complications compared with PDS. Although there is still no evidence for whether three or four cycles of NAC used clinically could be adequate, reducing one cycle of NAC is expected to remove more visible tumours and thereby improve prognosis.

Robotic single-site staging operation for early-stage endometrial cancer: initial experience at a single institution.

Objective: The aims of this study were to introduce surgical guidelines, and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a robotic single-site staging (RSSS) operation for early-stage endometrial cancer.

Methods: Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages IA to IB) from endometrial curettage and preoperative imaging studies were selected at Dongsan Medical Center from March 2014 to November 2015. All surgical procedures, including hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, bilateral pelvic node dissection, and cytology aspiration, were performed by robotic single-site instruments (da Vinci Si surgical system; Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).

Monocytosis as a prognostic factor for survival in stage IB and IIA cervical cancer.

To measure hematologic parameters derived from the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential count (DC) as prognostic factors for survival in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer. We retrospectively examined demographic, clinicopathologic, and laboratory parameters in a cohort of 233 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB and IIA cervical cancer who underwent surgical resection. We further assessed the effects of the WBC count and DC-derived hematologic parameters on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after controlling for other parameters.

A retrospective comparison of outcome in IB2 and IIA cervical cancer patients treated with primary concurrent chemoradiation versus radical hysterectomy with or without tailored adjuvant therapy.

Objective: The aim of our study is to compare the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and treatment-related morbidities between primary concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) vs. radical hysterectomy (RH) with or without tailored adjuvant therapy in patients with stages IB2 and IIA cervical cancer.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 113 patients with IB2 or IIA cervical cancer treated with either primary CCRT (n=49) or RH (n=64) with or without tailored adjuvant therapy between 2002 and 2011 at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center.

The cholesterol metabolite 27 hydroxycholesterol facilitates breast cancer metastasis through its actions on immune cells.

Obesity and elevated circulating cholesterol are risk factors for breast cancer recurrence, while the use of statins, cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors widely used for treating hypercholesterolemia, is associated with improved disease-free survival. Here, we show that cholesterol mediates the metastatic effects of a high-fat diet via its oxysterol metabolite, 27-hydroxycholesterol. Ablation or inhibition of CYP27A1, the enzyme responsible for the rate-limiting step in 27-hydroxycholesterol biosynthesis, significantly reduces metastasis in relevant animal models of cancer.

Obesity and aging diminish sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation of SIRT3, leading to hyperacetylation and decreased activity and stability of SIRT3.

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) deacetylates and regulates many mitochondrial proteins to maintain health, but its functions are depressed in aging and obesity. The best-studied sirtuin, SIRT1, counteracts aging- and obesity-related diseases by deacetylating many proteins, but whether SIRT1 has a role in deacetylating and altering the function of SIRT3 is unknown. Here we show that SIRT3 is reversibly acetylated in the mitochondria and unexpectedly is a target of SIRT1 deacetylation.

Obesity-Linked Phosphorylation of SIRT1 by Casein Kinase 2 Inhibits Its Nuclear Localization and Promotes Fatty Liver.

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) deacetylase delays and improves many obesity-related diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes, and has received great attention as a drug target. SIRT1 function is aberrantly low in obesity, so understanding the underlying mechanisms is important for drug development. Here, we show that obesity-linked phosphorylation of SIRT1 inhibits its function and promotes pathological symptoms of NAFLD.

New suturing technique for robotic-assisted vaginal cuff closure during single-site hysterectomy.

To describe a simple and efficient technique for suturing the vaginal cuff in robotic-assisted single-site hysterectomy using barbed suture and a straight needle. Consecutive patients undergoing robotic-assisted single-site hysterectomy from February 2014 to August 2015 at Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University were included. Surgeons used two barbed sutures in a running fashion to close the vaginal cuff.

The effect of salinomycin on ovarian cancer stem-like cells.

Objective: The identification of cancer stem-like cells is a recent development in ovarian cancer. Compared to other cancer cells, cancer stem-like cells present more chemo-resistance and more aggressive characteristics. They play an important role in the recurrence and drug resistance of cancer.

Critical role of RanBP2-mediated SUMOylation of Small Heterodimer Partner in maintaining bile acid homeostasis.

Bile acids (BAs) are recently recognized signalling molecules that profoundly affect metabolism. Because of detergent-like toxicity, BA levels must be tightly regulated. An orphan nuclear receptor, Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP), plays a key role in this regulation, but how SHP senses the BA signal for feedback transcriptional responses is not clearly understood.

The Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio Predicts Patient Survival and Aggressiveness of Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: We assessed the prognostic implications of preoperative lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC).

Methods: We retrospectively examined the LMR as a prognostic variable in a cohort of 255 patients with EC who underwent surgical resection. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the LMR (LMR-low and LMR-high) using cutoff points determined by receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Preventive vaccination against cervical cancer: Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology Guideline.

After human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine guidelines published by Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology (KSGO) in 2011, new studies have been published, leading to additional data regarding efficacy, safety, number of vaccination rounds, and ideal age of vaccine administration. We searched and reviewed the literatures focused on the efficacy of 2-dose schedule vaccination, the efficacy of 3-dose schedule vaccination in middle-aged women, the ideal age of 3-dose schedule vaccination, the safety of HPV preventive vaccine, and the ability of cross-protection of each HPV preventive vaccine. The KSGO has revised the previous guideline based on the results of the above studies.

The Feasibility of a Modified Method of Laparoscopic Transabdominal Cervicoisthmic Cerclage During Pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate a modified laparoscopic transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage (LTCC) technique after failure of transvaginal cerclage during pregnancy in women with cervical weakness.

Materials And Methods: Eighty women in whom transvaginal cerclage was unsuccessful or who were anatomically unsuitable for the procedure underwent modified LTCC between January 2003 and December 2008 at Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea. The modified LTCC was performed using a polyfilament polyester double-armed needle that was sutured laterally to the uterine vessels at the level of the internal cervical os.